— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: IIVIP (NASDAQ) · $vol 3M

IIVI NASDAQ

II-VI Incorporated
1W: +9.3% 1M: +31.4% 3M: +33.9% 1Y: +8.7%
$227.08
Last traded 2023-06-30 — delisted
NASDAQ · Technology · Hardware, Equipment & Parts · $30.5B mcap · 112M float · 0.043% daily turnover

Edge Score

Quantitative competitive moat analysis scoring five pillars of durable advantage — cost leadership, brand intangibles, switching costs, network effects, and efficient scale — using industry percentile rankings on a 0–100 scale.

WEAK EDGE
51.7 / 100
NoneWeakNarrowWide
Primary source: Efficient Scale  ·  ROIC: 6.9%
Cost Advantage
45
Intangibles
55
Switching Cost
42
Network Effect
60
Scale ★
63
The Edge Score quantifies a company's competitive moat using five pillars: Cost Advantage (20%, operating margin and SG&A efficiency vs industry peers), Intangible Assets (25%, gross margin premium, R&D intensity, brand pricing power), Switching Costs (25%, revenue stability, earnings consistency, customer retention proxied by operating leverage), Network Effects (15%, revenue growth with expanding margins, market share dominance), and Efficient Scale (15%, market concentration, ROIC sustainability). Each pillar is scored 0–100 using industry percentile rankings, then weighted into a composite. Wide ≥ 70, Narrow ≥ 55, Weak ≥ 40, None < 40. IIVI shows a Weak competitive edge (51.7/100) — limited structural advantages that may face competitive pressure. The primary source of advantage is Efficient Scale. ROIC of 6.9% suggests modest returns relative to capital deployed.

Analyst Insights

Wall Street analyst consensus based on price targets and buy/sell/hold recommendations from institutional research coverage over the trailing 12 months.

Analyst Price Targets
Analyst Recommendations
Strong Buy: 0Buy: 19Hold: 5Sell: 1Strong Sell: 0
Rating Summary
ConsensusBuy
Avg Target$—
Analysts0

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 59 Grade A
Profitability
41
Balance Sheet
71
Earnings Quality
45
Growth
75
Value
45
Momentum
99
Safety
100
Cash Flow
25
The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. IIVI scores highest in Safety (100/100) and lowest in Cash Flow (25/100). An overall grade of A places IIVI among the highest-quality companies in its peer group.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
4.64
Safe Zone
Piotroski F-Score
6/9
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✗ ✗ ✓ ✓
Beneish M-Score
-23.04
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-21.38
Bankruptcy prob: 0.0%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
A
Score: 70.0/100
Trend: Improving
Earnings Quality
75/100
OCF/NI: 57.14x
Accruals: -17.9%
The Altman Z-Score (1968) combines five ratios — working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, market value of equity, and sales, all relative to total assets or liabilities — into a single bankruptcy predictor. IIVI scores 4.64, placing it in the Safe Zone (safe > 2.99, distress < 1.81). Bankruptcy is statistically unlikely within the next two years. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. IIVI scores 6/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. IIVI's score of -23.04 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. IIVI's implied 0.0% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. IIVI receives an estimated rating of A (score: 70.0/100), with a improving trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). IIVI's score of 75/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
48.83x
PEG
0.03x
P/S
4.29x
P/B
4.08x
P/FCF
-0.78x
P/OCF
1.00x
EV/EBITDA
0.88x
EV/Revenue
6.67x
EV/EBIT
102.73x
EV/FCF
-0.81x
Earnings Yield
1.75%
FCF Yield
-128.40%
Shareholder Yield
25.16%
Graham Number
$69.50
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 48.8x earnings, IIVI is priced for high growth expectations. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $69.50 per share, 227% below the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.949
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
1.835
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.065
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.028
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
46.398
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
14.8%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. IIVI's ROE of 14.8% is driven by financial leverage (equity multiplier: 46.40x). Note: high leverage means ROE is amplified by debt rather than operational performance. A tax burden ratio of 0.95 indicates minimal tax leakage — the company retains over 90% of pre-tax earnings.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
15.00%
Fair P/E
38.50x
Intrinsic Value
$153.26
Price/Value
1.48x
Margin of Safety
-48.17%
Premium
48.17%
Assessment
Neutral
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with IIVI's realized 15.0% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. IIVI trades at a 48% premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $153.26, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 38.5x compares to the current market P/E of 48.8x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 754 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$227.08
Median 1Y
$258.19
5th Pctile
$57.55
95th Pctile
$1153.53
Ann. Volatility
92.4%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
ROE 10.0% 8.1% 7.9% 6.7% 2.3% 0.2% -0.8% -6.0% -4.8% -4.2% -4.4% -2.5% -1.2% 0.0% 0.0% 1.3% 4.4% 0.0% 0.0% 14.8% 14.76%
ROA 5.4% 4.6% 3.9% 3.3% 1.2% 0.1% -0.3% -2.4% -2.1% -1.9% -2.0% -1.1% -0.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 1.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.3% 0.32%
ROIC 10.9% 8.6% 8.2% 6.2% 1.3% -0.9% -1.9% -3.7% -4.0% -1.6% -2.3% -2.3% -2.9% -0.2% 0.0% 7.4% 5.7% 4.9% 5.7% 6.9% 6.87%
ROCE 8.0% 7.4% 7.3% 6.1% 2.5% 1.7% 1.4% -0.5% -0.8% -0.5% -0.7% 1.1% -0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 1.7% 0.2% 1.2% 3.0% 2.99%
Gross Margin 39.8% 38.6% 38.9% 36.8% 33.0% 30.0% 33.9% 28.5% 29.2% 31.0% 30.3% 32.9% 34.1% 35.5% 35.2% 35.7% 36.6% 37.0% 37.7% 38.5% 38.48%
Operating Margin 12.9% 12.0% 4.1% 2.7% 0.8% -12.1% -7.3% -12.8% -1.7% 2.7% -26.3% 3.7% 7.3% 10.0% 9.7% 9.5% 10.9% 11.8% 13.6% 13.9% 13.93%
Net Margin 9.4% 8.4% 5.9% 4.9% -2.9% -3.3% 0.2% -14.8% -6.4% -2.4% -1.1% -3.7% 1.9% 7.2% 1.1% -6.3% 14.3% 8.7% 10.6% 11.8% 11.76%
EBITDA Margin 21.7% 20.8% 21.7% 19.2% 11.8% 12.7% 18.7% 4.1% 11.7% 15.5% 14.9% 16.8% 16.6% 22.8% 9.7% -29.3% 33.6% 6.4% 20.9% 0.0% 0.00%
FCF Margin 10.5% 9.1% 5.1% 3.0% 0.9% 0.3% 2.7% 3.8% 8.1% 5.5% 4.9% 4.2% 12.2% 26.9% 34.7% 33.3% 21.9% 8.1% -10.3% -8.3% -8.28%
OCF Margin 15.5% 14.4% 12.5% 12.5% 11.4% 10.7% 12.2% 12.3% 15.5% 13.0% 12.3% 11.6% 30.6% 28.9% 56.5% 54.4% 27.0% 25.9% -3.0% 6.5% 6.46%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 1.11%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 5.01%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 5.98%
Cash ROA snapshot only 2.51%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 3.69%
CROIC snapshot only -4.73%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 12.02%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 11.91%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 10.16%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 14.67%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 6.24%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
P/E Ratio 81.02 98.56 116.69 100.28 163.11 2418.87 -637.94 -121.95 -118.63 -127.62 -121.76 -222.67 -556.09 537.09 375.20 741.43 145.84 124.11 77.61 57.04 48.834
P/S Ratio 8.32 9.43 9.85 7.10 5.13 4.84 4.95 6.13 7.01 7.43 7.56 7.36 6.97 6.85 6.49 6.25 6.01 5.77 5.50 6.45 4.287
P/B Ratio 7.63 7.03 8.79 6.51 2.77 4.14 4.58 6.34 7.06 4.43 4.53 4.57 6.34 0.01 0.01 — 6.23 4.25 3.40 4.21 4.076
P/FCF 79.44 103.81 191.60 237.80 569.66 1447.60 186.64 159.84 86.64 134.41 154.47 174.21 0.57 0.25 0.19 0.19 0.27 0.71 -53.37 -0.78 -0.779
P/OCF 53.61 65.64 79.07 56.96 45.02 45.32 40.65 49.91 45.32 57.37 61.51 63.50 0.23 0.24 0.11 0.12 0.22 0.22 — 1.00 0.998
EV/EBITDA 36.95 43.26 45.59 33.92 35.13 36.94 37.69 57.58 65.14 65.55 72.29 54.55 47.53 3340.36 3366.02 155.44 0.73 0.74 0.70 0.88 0.884
EV/Revenue 8.31 9.37 9.81 7.05 6.14 5.69 5.72 6.84 7.74 8.20 8.30 8.12 7.61 599.80 552.34 6.67 6.45 6.20 5.66 6.67 6.668
EV/EBIT 60.14 72.49 76.92 58.05 76.26 114.93 151.03 -513.89 -398.15 -613.39 -417.76 271.40 157.45 8012.42 6863.07 412.46 173.22 1205.19 203.55 102.73 102.728
EV/FCF 79.34 103.19 190.73 236.34 681.83 1702.03 215.53 178.30 95.60 148.22 169.75 192.14 0.62 22.29 15.94 0.20 0.29 0.77 -54.85 -0.81 -0.805
Earnings Yield 1.2% 1.0% 0.9% 1.0% 0.6% 0.0% -0.2% -0.8% -0.8% -0.8% -0.8% -0.4% -0.2% 0.2% 0.3% 0.1% 0.7% 0.8% 1.3% 1.8% 1.75%
FCF Yield 1.3% 1.0% 0.5% 0.4% 0.2% 0.1% 0.5% 0.6% 1.2% 0.7% 0.6% 0.6% 1.8% 3.9% 5.3% 5.3% 3.7% 1.4% -1.9% -1.3% -1.28%
PEG Ratio snapshot only 0.026
Price/Tangible Book snapshot only 12.602
EV/OCF snapshot only 1.032
EV/Gross Profit snapshot only 17.785
Acquirers Multiple snapshot only 52.683
Shareholder Yield snapshot only 25.16%
Graham Number snapshot only $69.50
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Current Ratio 2.97 2.00 1.99 3.40 2.87 3.02 3.08 3.01 2.99 2.88 2.71 2.72 0.00 2.67 2.47 4.98 2.33 2.25 3.05 2.43 2.427
Quick Ratio 2.24 1.61 1.58 2.69 1.73 1.81 1.82 1.84 1.81 1.79 1.72 1.77 0.00 1.64 1.54 1.81 1.39 1.30 2.04 1.52 1.522
Debt/Equity 0.44 0.58 0.68 0.67 0.67 0.90 0.88 0.90 0.92 0.57 0.57 0.59 0.76 0.79 0.74 — 0.60 0.42 0.32 0.32 0.325
Net Debt/Equity -0.01 -0.04 -0.04 -0.04 0.55 0.73 0.71 0.73 0.73 0.45 0.45 0.47 0.58 0.61 0.57 — 0.46 0.31 0.09 0.14 0.142
Debt/Assets 0.23 0.32 0.32 0.31 0.35 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.30 0.30 0.31 0.29 0.29 0.27 0.01 0.24 0.24 0.20 0.19 0.193
Debt/EBITDA 2.14 3.57 3.53 3.53 7.11 6.86 6.28 7.32 7.73 7.59 8.21 6.41 5.25 4265.49 4296.04 9.79 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.07 0.066
Net Debt/EBITDA -0.04 -0.26 -0.21 -0.21 5.78 5.52 5.05 5.96 6.10 6.11 6.50 5.09 3.98 3302.23 3326.45 9.79 0.05 0.05 0.02 0.03 0.029
Interest Coverage 7.99 7.33 4.76 3.32 1.82 0.98 0.71 -0.24 -0.32 -0.20 -0.31 0.49 0.86 1.46 2.27 — 28.41 1.23 10.03 2.43 2.428
Equity Multiplier 1.88 1.79 2.14 2.17 1.93 2.72 2.69 2.75 2.80 1.89 1.89 1.91 2.67 2.75 2.70 — 2.52 1.77 1.62 1.68 1.678
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.696
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 282.090
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.562
FCF to Debt snapshot only -16.662
Defensive Interval snapshot only 695.1 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.53 0.48 0.46 0.46 0.38 0.41 0.44 0.48 0.36 0.32 0.32 0.33 0.35 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.41 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.028
Inventory Turnover 2.78 2.65 2.55 2.55 2.35 2.68 2.85 3.26 2.58 2.41 2.41 2.54 2.55 0.01 0.01 0.08 2.57 0.01 0.01 0.09 0.089
Receivables Turnover 5.11 5.43 5.11 4.88 4.72 5.68 6.14 6.44 5.50 5.11 4.89 5.38 6.19 6.07 0.01 0.26 6.54 6.47 0.01 0.32 0.319
Payables Turnover 6.99 6.63 6.20 5.60 6.36 7.61 8.20 8.43 7.30 6.88 6.32 6.27 5.96 5.93 0.01 0.38 4.72 4.44 0.01 0.42 0.421
DSO 71 67 71 75 77 64 59 57 66 71 75 68 59 60 32974 1388 56 56 27955 1146 1146.0 days
DIO 131 138 143 143 155 136 128 112 142 151 152 144 143 69413 69333 4773 142 61152 60936 4094 4094.4 days
DPO 52 55 59 65 57 48 45 43 50 53 58 58 61 62 38724 961 77 82 34047 866 866.1 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 151 150 156 152 175 153 143 125 158 170 169 153 141 69411 63582 5200 120 61126 54845 4374 4374.3 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 2.373
Operating Cycle snapshot only 5240.5 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 3.582
Capital Intensity snapshot only 2.571
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Revenue 3.4% 1.1% 40.9% 6.8% 21.8% 38.7% 49.6% 55.6% 25.9% 4.5% -5.0% -8.8% 2.8% 14.6% 21.7% 23.4% 20.8% 18.6% 18.0% 22.5% 22.52%
Net Income 6.0% 1.3% 27.0% -21.1% -62.7% -97.1% -1.1% -2.1% -3.4% -31.4% -6.6% 40.0% 78.2% 1.3% 1.3% 1.3% 5.0% 3.3% 3.8% 15.4% 15.43%
EPS 5.4% 1.2% 26.3% -21.6% -67.6% -97.6% -1.1% -1.9% -3.1% -28.8% -5.9% 45.2% 78.7% 1.2% 1.3% 1.3% 4.8% 3.3% 3.8% 12.0% 12.00%
FCF 2.3% 4.9% -51.2% -76.9% -89.5% -94.9% -22.8% 100.0% 10.3% 16.3% 75.1% 0.5% 154.0% 556.6% 860.9% 972.7% 1.2% -64.4% -1.0% -1.3% -1.30%
EBITDA 4.0% 1.1% 37.9% 1.1% -5.3% -1.3% 5.5% -11.1% -14.4% -15.2% -28.1% 14.3% 38.5% 64.6% 73.8% -64.4% 65.5% 54.6% 57.0% 214.2% 214.23%
Op. Income 4.7% 1.1% 11.4% -37.7% -62.3% -1.2% -1.6% -2.6% -3.6% -1.4% -143.9% -78.6% -72.9% -134.4% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 74.3% 68.4% 68.41%
OCF Growth snapshot only -85.44%
Asset Growth snapshot only -96.25%
Debt Growth snapshot only 44.96%
Shares Change snapshot only 26.38%
Dividend Growth snapshot only 791.83%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Revenue 3Y — — — — — — — — 88.4% 45.1% 26.0% 14.9% 16.4% 18.4% 20.0% 20.5% 16.1% 12.4% 10.9% 11.3% 11.32%
Revenue 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 52.7% 33.0% 23.5% 18.0% 18.04%
EPS 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — -45.6% -36.3% -46.6% 19.5% 2.1% — — —
EPS 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 28.8% 9.4% 9.6% 9.2% 9.23%
Net Income 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — -39.5% -29.2% -40.7% 27.0% 2.2% — — —
Net Income 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 40.0% 16.9% 16.8% 22.0% 22.02%
EBITDA 3Y — — — — — — — — 59.9% 20.5% 1.5% 0.9% 3.9% 11.3% 9.6% -28.8% 3.3% 3.3% 3.2% 3.4% 3.44%
EBITDA 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 2.3% 1.8% 1.5% 1.4% 1.39%
Gross Profit 3Y — — — — — — — — 72.9% 32.6% 14.6% 6.2% 8.9% 12.7% 15.4% 17.0% 15.5% 14.8% 14.9% 18.1% 18.15%
Gross Profit 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 49.8% 30.2% 21.7% 17.0% 17.02%
Op. Income 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 8.7% 27.7% 54.4% — — — —
Op. Income 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 51.3% 27.3% 20.1% 16.9% 16.91%
FCF 3Y — — — — — — — — 57.7% -2.5% -13.0% -22.5% 4.7% 6.9% 9.5% 11.5% 14.6% 14.1% — — —
FCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 3.2% 1.8% — — —
OCF 3Y — — — — — — — — 77.7% 19.0% 8.1% -1.7% 5.8% 5.9% 8.2% 8.1% 6.2% 6.0% — 3.2% 3.17%
OCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 3.1% 2.4% — 1.4% 1.40%
Assets 3Y — — — — — — — — 35.2% 37.5% 31.7% 30.5% 31.2% 11.3% 11.3% 3.0% 2.1% 2.3% 7.0% 10.1% 10.10%
Assets 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 21.9% 21.7% 22.1% 23.0% 22.95%
Equity 3Y — — — — — — — — 16.6% 33.9% 32.1% 30.5% 16.7% 9.6% 10.4% — -6.6% 18.1% 26.8% 29.8% 29.79%
Book Value 3Y — — — — — — — — 3.6% 22.2% 20.6% 19.2% 6.3% 8.6% 9.3% — -12.1% 12.6% 21.0% 14.6% 14.64%
Dividend 3Y — — — — — — — — -2.3% -27.6% -42.5% — — — — — — — — 7.8% 7.84%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Revenue Stability — — — — 0.91 0.99 0.98 0.83 0.92 0.91 0.84 0.71 0.93 0.92 0.80 0.74 0.93 0.94 0.93 0.90 0.900
Earnings Stability — — — — 0.07 0.18 0.58 0.83 0.37 0.65 0.83 0.74 0.34 0.28 0.32 0.34 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.09 0.085
Margin Stability — — — — 0.95 0.91 0.90 0.88 0.88 0.88 0.87 0.87 0.88 0.90 0.89 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.89 0.90 0.895
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0
Earnings Persistence — — — — 0.50 0.50 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.500
Earnings Smoothness 0.00 0.22 0.76 0.76 0.09 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000
ROE Trend — — — — -0.04 -0.05 -0.08 -0.13 -0.12 -0.07 -0.07 -0.03 0.01 0.02 0.02 — 0.08 0.05 0.06 — —
Gross Margin Trend — — — — -0.03 -0.06 -0.06 -0.07 -0.07 -0.06 -0.06 -0.04 -0.01 0.01 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.04 0.044
FCF Margin Trend — — — — -0.11 -0.13 -0.07 -0.05 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 12.16 26.88 34.61 33.30 15.81 -5.40 -17.45 -24.97 -24.972
Sustainable Growth Rate 9.2% 7.2% 6.9% 5.7% 1.9% -0.4% — — — — — — — 0.0% 0.0% 1.0% 4.0% 0.0% 0.0% -2.0% -1.95%
Internal Growth Rate 5.2% 4.2% 3.5% 2.9% 1.0% — — — — — — — — 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 1.6% 0.0% 0.0% — —
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 1.51 1.50 1.48 1.76 3.62 53.37 -15.69 -2.44 -2.62 -2.22 -1.98 -3.51 -2444.12 2268.49 3266.41 6447.24 654.24 556.32 -0.43 57.14 57.135
FCF/OCF 0.67 0.63 0.41 0.24 0.08 0.03 0.22 0.31 0.52 0.43 0.40 0.36 0.40 0.93 0.61 0.61 0.81 0.31 3.41 -1.28 -1.282
FCF/Net Income snapshot only -73.247
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.857
CapEx/Revenue 5.0% 5.3% 7.3% 9.5% 10.5% 10.4% 9.5% 8.5% 7.4% 7.4% 7.4% 7.4% 18.4% 37.3% 55.3% 53.3% 36.0% 17.8% 7.3% 14.7% 14.74%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 1.972
Accruals Ratio -0.03 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.03 -0.04 -0.06 -0.08 -0.08 -0.06 -0.06 -0.05 -10.87 -0.02 -0.04 -1.26 -11.07 -0.02 0.00 -0.18 -0.179
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.677
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 0.395
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 0.750
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Dividend Yield 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 25.0% 5.28%
Dividend/Share $0.24 $0.30 $0.30 $0.30 $0.16 $0.20 $0.20 $0.20 $0.18 $0.09 $0.05 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.07 $0.14 $0.21 $0.21 $56.68 $12.00
Payout Ratio 8.5% 11.3% 12.6% 14.7% 17.0% 3.1% — — — — — — — 0.0% 0.0% 23.3% 9.2% 11.7% 7.3% 14.2% 14.24%
FCF Payout Ratio 8.3% 11.9% 20.7% 34.9% 59.5% 1.9% 21.5% 13.9% 7.0% 5.4% 3.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% — — —
Total Payout Ratio 8.5% 11.3% 12.6% 14.7% 50.6% 8.8% — — — — — — — 7.0% 3.6% 23.3% 24.2% 27.0% 16.9% 14.3% 14.35%
Div. Increase Streak 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 — — — — 0 0 0 0 1 0
Chowder Number — — 4.00 1.50 -0.25 -0.20 -0.20 -0.20 0.33 -0.50 -0.75 — — — — — — — — 1001.25 1001.254
Buyback Yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% 0.19%
Net Buyback Yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% -37.2% -34.4% -30.7% -23.3% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.15%
Total Shareholder Return 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% -37.1% -34.3% -30.6% -23.2% 0.2% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 25.1% 25.11%
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.85 0.86 0.84 0.83 0.87 -1.65 0.51 0.73 0.73 0.74 0.73 1.06 1.57 0.54 0.58 0.52 0.85 0.88 0.93 0.95 0.949
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.87 0.86 0.79 0.70 0.45 -0.02 -0.40 5.18 4.15 5.88 4.27 -1.05 -0.17 0.32 0.37 1.00 1.30 10.23 2.76 1.83 1.835
EBIT Margin 0.14 0.13 0.13 0.12 0.08 0.05 0.04 -0.01 -0.02 -0.01 -0.02 0.03 0.05 0.07 0.08 0.02 0.04 0.01 0.03 0.06 0.065
Asset Turnover 0.53 0.48 0.46 0.46 0.38 0.41 0.44 0.48 0.36 0.32 0.32 0.33 0.35 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.41 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.028
Equity Multiplier 1.84 1.77 2.03 2.04 1.92 2.30 2.47 2.51 2.28 2.22 2.22 2.24 2.73 2.75 2.70 66.28 2.59 2.75 2.70 46.40 46.398
Per Share
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $2.81 $2.62 $2.34 $2.01 $0.91 $0.06 $-0.27 $-1.86 $-1.91 $-1.78 $-1.87 $-1.02 $-0.41 $0.42 $0.61 $0.31 $1.56 $1.83 $2.93 $3.98 $3.98
Book Value/Share $29.85 $36.79 $31.02 $30.92 $53.74 $37.36 $37.66 $35.79 $32.14 $51.29 $50.11 $49.64 $35.81 $32303.61 $33456.19 $0.00 $36.44 $53.37 $66.74 $53.92 $57.43
Tangible Book/Share $12.65 $19.87 $14.34 $14.50 $-8.31 $-23.64 $-23.15 $-23.97 $-22.11 $-3.28 $-2.68 $-2.57 $-16.98 $-15854.29 $-14925.12 $-1975.26 $-11.11 $6.33 $20.73 $18.02 $18.02
Revenue/Share $27.39 $27.42 $27.68 $28.36 $29.01 $31.95 $34.81 $37.03 $32.39 $30.55 $30.05 $30.85 $32.56 $33.17 $34.97 $36.31 $37.77 $39.34 $41.26 $35.20 $36.37
FCF/Share $2.87 $2.49 $1.42 $0.85 $0.26 $0.11 $0.92 $1.42 $2.62 $1.69 $1.47 $1.30 $397.45 $892.43 $1211.91 $1210.62 $829.01 $317.78 $-4.26 $-291.58 $-301.26
OCF/Share $4.25 $3.94 $3.45 $3.53 $3.31 $3.41 $4.24 $4.55 $5.01 $3.96 $3.69 $3.58 $998.05 $959.11 $1976.93 $1974.60 $1018.70 $1017.89 $-1.25 $227.44 $234.99
Cash/Share $13.47 $22.76 $22.23 $22.08 $6.74 $6.59 $6.48 $5.98 $6.26 $5.65 $5.87 $6.07 $6.64 $5736.74 $5564.50 $0.00 $5.33 $5.40 $15.11 $9.83 $10.15
EBITDA/Share $6.16 $5.94 $5.96 $5.90 $5.07 $4.92 $5.28 $4.40 $3.85 $3.82 $3.45 $4.59 $5.21 $5.96 $5.74 $1.56 $332.68 $331.32 $332.77 $265.51 $265.51
Debt/Share $13.20 $21.21 $21.00 $20.85 $36.04 $33.79 $33.16 $32.21 $29.72 $28.98 $28.33 $29.45 $27.39 $25403.12 $24654.98 $15.26 $21.91 $22.17 $21.41 $17.50 $17.50
Net Debt/Share $-0.27 $-1.55 $-1.23 $-1.23 $29.30 $27.20 $26.68 $26.23 $23.46 $23.33 $22.45 $23.38 $20.75 $19666.38 $19090.48 $15.26 $16.58 $16.77 $6.30 $7.67 $7.67
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 4.641
Altman Z-Prime snapshot only 8.456
Piotroski F-Score 7 5 6 3 3 4 4 3 5 5 3 5 5 6 6 7 8 8 7 6 6
Beneish M-Score -2.53 -2.51 -2.48 -2.48 -1.50 -1.37 -1.66 -1.83 -2.92 -2.82 -2.62 -2.78 -51.28 -2.16 766.34 34.00 -54.11 -360.18 -276.06 -23.04 -23.036
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -21.381
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 6.53%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-0.67
EVA snapshot only $-389866937.11
Credit
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only A
Credit Score 80.52 72.88 65.19 68.97 40.55 42.18 41.26 49.45 50.35 47.01 45.80 48.58 28.85 27.67 31.59 54.99 91.53 70.81 82.38 70.01 70.015
Credit Grade snapshot only 6
Credit Trend snapshot only 15.025
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 150.000
Industry Credit Rank snapshot only 52
Sector Credit Rank snapshot only 58

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