— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: 5406.T (JPX) · $vol 25M

KBSTF OTC

Kobe Steel, Ltd.
1W: +1.8% 1M: +12.2% 3M: +12.4% YTD: +12.6% 1Y: +4.1%
$13.85
+0.00 (+0.00%)
 
OTC · Basic Materials · Steel · Tech Score Buy · Power 71 · $5.5B mcap · 360M float · 0.0000% daily turnover · Short 83% of daily vol

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

A-
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
5
ROE
3
ROA
5
D/E
1
P/E
3
P/B
4
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. KBSTF receives an overall rating of A-. Strongest factors: DCF (5/5), ROA (5/5), P/B (4/5). Areas of concern: D/E (1/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-08-07 A A-
2026-07-31 A- A
2026-06-30 None ADDED
2026-05-11 EXISTED None
2026-05-06 None ADDED
2026-05-06 EXISTED None
2026-04-21 None ADDED
2026-04-19 EXISTED None
2026-04-14 None ADDED
2026-04-12 EXISTED None

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ — Grade B
Profitability
19
Balance Sheet
69
Earnings Quality
78
Growth
20
Value
—
Momentum
55
Safety
—
Cash Flow
31

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
—
—
Piotroski F-Score
6/9
✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✗
Beneish M-Score
-2.62
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-10.19
Bankruptcy prob: 0.0%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
A-
Score: 66.2/100
Trend: Improving
Earnings Quality
100/100
OCF/NI: 1.72x
Accruals: -2.3%
The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. KBSTF scores 6/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. KBSTF's score of -2.62 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. KBSTF's implied 0.0% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. KBSTF receives an estimated rating of A- (score: 66.2/100), with a improving trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). KBSTF's score of 100/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
11.68x
PEG
-0.21x
P/S
0.32x
P/B
0.63x
P/FCF
—
P/OCF
—
EV/EBITDA
—
EV/Revenue
—
EV/EBIT
—
EV/FCF
—
Earnings Yield
—
FCF Yield
—
Shareholder Yield
—
Graham Number
$4138.99
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 11.7x earnings, KBSTF trades at a reasonable valuation. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $4138.99 per share, suggesting a potential 29784% margin of safety at the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.775
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.891
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.056
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.849
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
2.375
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
7.7%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. KBSTF's ROE of 7.7% is driven by Asset Turnover (0.849), indicating efficient use of assets to generate revenue.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
8.95%
Fair P/E
26.40x
Intrinsic Value
$6273.79
Price/Value
—
Margin of Safety
—
Premium
—
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with KBSTF's realized 9.0% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. KBSTF trades at a premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $6273.79, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 26.4x compares to the current market P/E of 11.7x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 597 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$13.85
Median 1Y
$6.19
5th Pctile
$0.33
95th Pctile
$118.62
Ann. Volatility
189.4%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
ROE 8.0% 10.4% 10.1% 7.9% 7.9% 6.6% 6.4% 8.4% 8.7% 13.3% 13.9% 11.1% 10.8% 8.1% 9.5% 10.8% 12.2% 11.1% 8.8% 7.7% 7.74%
ROA 2.2% 2.9% 2.8% 2.3% 2.3% 2.0% 1.9% 2.6% 2.7% 4.3% 4.6% 3.8% 3.8% 3.0% 3.5% 4.1% 4.8% 4.5% 3.5% 3.3% 3.26%
ROIC 5.7% 6.1% 5.1% 4.4% 3.2% 2.8% 3.2% 4.1% 5.5% 7.4% 7.8% 8.2% 7.6% 7.3% 7.1% 7.4% 7.7% 7.4% 6.8% 5.7% 5.70%
ROCE 3.5% 5.4% 5.8% 5.3% 4.2% 3.7% 3.3% 4.7% 6.4% 10.1% 10.6% 9.2% 8.8% 6.6% 6.4% 7.8% 8.0% 7.3% 6.7% 6.7% 6.72%
Gross Margin 16.7% 14.5% 16.3% 12.3% 11.9% 11.1% 15.2% 13.6% 15.9% 18.2% 17.3% 17.1% 16.2% 16.8% 17.7% 15.5% 17.1% 16.2% 16.6% 16.3% 16.27%
Operating Margin 5.4% 4.3% 5.8% 1.8% 1.5% 1.9% 5.5% 4.7% 5.7% 8.9% 7.4% 7.2% 5.3% 7.1% 7.4% 5.1% 5.5% 5.1% 5.3% 5.4% 5.38%
Net Margin 4.1% 3.1% 3.8% 1.0% 3.9% 1.1% 3.2% 3.6% 4.3% 8.4% 4.7% -0.0% 4.1% 4.9% 7.3% 2.6% 6.8% 4.0% 3.6% 1.4% 1.43%
EBITDA Margin 10.8% 9.3% 10.7% 6.2% 6.1% 6.4% 9.7% 8.8% 11.5% 17.8% 12.3% 11.7% 10.3% 11.6% 0.0% 9.3% 10.9% 10.5% 11.2% 10.2% 10.16%
FCF Margin -5.5% -2.0% 1.1% 0.9% 0.8% 2.9% 5.0% 4.9% 6.9% 7.0% 7.1% 8.0% 6.9% 5.6% 4.3% 3.6% 2.9% 2.2% 1.4% 1.9% 1.86%
OCF Margin 6.2% 8.0% 9.8% 9.0% 8.4% 8.2% 8.2% 7.4% 7.9% 8.0% 8.1% 9.0% 8.7% 8.4% 8.0% 7.5% 7.0% 6.5% 6.0% 6.6% 6.61%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 9.38%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 8.69%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 3.72%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 5.19%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 5.30%
Cash ROA snapshot only 5.62%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 8.74%
CROIC snapshot only 2.46%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 4.31%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 4.96%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 11.22%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
P/E Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 11.676
P/S Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.322
P/B Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.626
P/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
P/OCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBITDA — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/Revenue — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBIT — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Earnings Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
FCF Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Graham Number snapshot only $4138.99
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Current Ratio 1.43 1.42 1.48 1.45 1.43 1.37 1.37 1.35 1.40 1.43 1.48 1.48 1.51 1.55 1.59 1.55 1.54 1.52 1.57 1.63 1.630
Quick Ratio 0.84 0.82 0.82 0.81 0.73 0.70 0.67 0.68 0.68 0.74 0.77 0.76 0.70 0.70 0.74 0.76 0.74 0.73 0.77 0.82 0.818
Debt/Equity 1.41 1.33 1.26 1.18 1.11 1.06 1.04 0.99 0.97 0.84 0.86 0.82 0.82 0.75 0.83 0.76 0.75 0.68 0.69 0.61 0.610
Net Debt/Equity 0.96 0.95 1.02 0.86 0.91 0.80 0.78 0.77 0.69 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.62 0.57 0.64 0.57 0.60 0.48 0.50 0.46 0.460
Debt/Assets 0.40 0.38 0.37 0.35 0.34 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.29 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.29 0.32 0.31 0.31 0.28 0.29 0.27 0.269
Debt/EBITDA 5.88 4.86 4.83 5.06 5.37 5.50 5.46 4.69 3.96 2.81 2.77 2.54 2.62 2.85 4.27 4.44 4.33 4.23 3.24 2.97 2.968
Net Debt/EBITDA 4.01 3.48 3.90 3.69 4.39 4.18 4.08 3.64 2.82 1.86 1.78 1.72 1.98 2.18 3.32 3.34 3.45 3.02 2.38 2.24 2.238
Interest Coverage 5.05 7.56 8.26 7.35 5.95 5.15 4.54 6.47 8.57 13.54 14.36 12.08 11.64 9.63 11.95 16.33 25.26 20.23 14.40 13.54 13.539
Equity Multiplier 3.56 3.47 3.38 3.35 3.32 3.31 3.27 3.15 3.06 2.87 2.86 2.76 2.68 2.57 2.58 2.49 2.45 2.40 2.39 2.27 2.272
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.222
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 25.948
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.246
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.059
Defensive Interval snapshot only 824.4 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.72 0.76 0.76 0.78 0.80 0.83 0.85 0.88 0.90 0.88 0.87 0.88 0.89 0.88 0.87 0.88 0.89 0.88 0.85 0.85 0.849
Inventory Turnover 3.11 3.27 3.27 3.47 3.26 3.35 3.23 3.38 3.18 3.10 2.92 2.99 2.86 2.84 2.86 2.98 2.89 2.80 2.79 2.89 2.886
Receivables Turnover 6.29 6.51 5.80 6.88 6.24 6.40 6.15 7.43 6.76 6.57 6.75 6.83 7.22 6.66 6.75 6.88 6.58 6.65 6.38 6.13 6.128
Payables Turnover 3.99 4.09 3.96 3.85 3.68 3.58 3.59 3.76 3.81 3.53 3.49 3.89 4.24 4.20 4.58 5.06 5.56 5.23 5.59 5.59 5.588
DSO 58 56 63 53 58 57 59 49 54 56 54 53 51 55 54 53 55 55 57 60 59.6 days
DIO 117 111 112 105 112 109 113 108 115 118 125 122 128 128 128 123 126 130 131 126 126.5 days
DPO 91 89 92 95 99 102 102 97 96 103 104 94 86 87 80 72 66 70 65 65 65.3 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 84 78 82 63 71 64 71 60 73 70 75 82 92 96 102 104 116 116 123 121 120.7 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 2.385
Operating Cycle snapshot only 186.0 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 12.866
Capital Intensity snapshot only 1.177
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Revenue 0.9% 11.7% 17.0% 22.1% 20.5% 19.9% 20.4% 18.7% 16.9% 12.1% 7.5% 2.9% 0.3% -0.7% -0.3% 0.5% -0.1% -1.6% -3.7% -4.1% -4.11%
Net Income 1.7% 1.9% 2.0% 1.6% 12.4% -26.6% -27.2% 20.8% 23.8% 1.3% 1.5% 51.0% 40.5% -31.3% -23.9% 9.7% 24.6% 47.8% -0.6% -21.7% -21.67%
EPS 1.7% 1.9% 2.0% 1.4% 3.4% -32.5% -30.2% 20.7% 23.6% 1.3% 1.5% 51.0% 40.5% -31.3% -23.7% 9.9% 24.8% 48.2% -0.4% -22.0% -22.03%
FCF 30.6% 78.7% 1.1% 1.1% 1.2% 2.7% 4.5% 5.2% 9.3% 1.7% 54.3% 70.2% -1.0% -20.6% -39.4% -55.2% -58.2% -62.2% -68.3% -50.1% -50.11%
EBITDA 2.1% 3.7% 2.0% 42.2% -2.4% -20.0% -17.2% 2.0% 32.6% 85.0% 89.1% 75.3% 44.8% -4.7% -33.1% -41.2% -39.5% -35.0% 18.9% 30.9% 30.88%
Op. Income 6.9% 5.2% 53.2% 1.9% -5.6% -41.9% -38.0% -1.4% 58.5% 1.6% 1.6% 1.2% 63.5% 8.5% 1.2% -15.0% -13.5% -16.4% -25.3% -17.7% -17.73%
OCF Growth snapshot only -15.23%
Asset Growth snapshot only -0.27%
Equity Growth snapshot only 9.25%
Debt Growth snapshot only -12.59%
Shares Change snapshot only 0.46%
Dividend Growth snapshot only 21.15%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Revenue 3Y -2.3% -0.5% 0.5% 1.8% 3.4% 5.2% 7.6% 9.8% 12.4% 14.5% 14.8% 14.2% 12.2% 10.1% 8.9% 7.1% 5.4% 3.1% 1.1% -0.3% -0.30%
Revenue 5Y 0.3% 2.2% 3.3% 4.2% 4.6% 5.0% 5.1% 5.6% 5.6% 5.8% 5.6% 5.2% 5.3% 5.3% 6.0% 6.4% 7.3% 8.0% 7.8% 7.5% 7.51%
EPS 3Y 2.8% 8.4% 10.3% 15.4% 37.2% — — — — — — 63.0% 21.6% 2.6% 10.3% 26.0% 29.4% 33.4% 24.2% 9.0% 8.95%
EPS 5Y — — — — 69.9% 32.2% -6.7% 1.0% 6.8% 14.9% 18.7% 22.8% 35.0% — — — — — — 30.0% 29.98%
Net Income 3Y 2.9% 8.4% 12.0% 18.7% 41.1% — — — — — — 67.7% 25.0% 5.5% 11.8% 26.0% 29.4% 33.3% 24.0% 9.1% 9.06%
Net Income 5Y — — — — 72.9% 34.4% -5.0% 2.8% 8.7% 16.9% 20.8% 25.0% 37.3% — — — — — — 32.3% 32.29%
EBITDA 3Y 24.6% 25.2% 17.6% 17.2% 17.4% 17.1% 21.6% 35.2% 59.6% 90.8% 68.4% 36.5% 23.3% 12.2% 1.6% 1.7% 5.1% 4.6% 14.6% 10.5% 10.50%
EBITDA 5Y 52.8% 55.8% — 1.4% 39.8% 31.3% 12.0% 16.5% 20.1% 23.8% 20.5% 23.6% 25.4% 23.2% 17.9% 20.6% 28.9% 33.9% 30.6% 14.4% 14.37%
Gross Profit 3Y 0.7% 4.3% 5.0% 4.9% 3.6% 4.7% 7.1% 11.6% 20.7% 31.0% 28.6% 25.0% 16.8% 11.6% 11.3% 11.2% 12.9% 12.5% 10.1% 8.1% 8.06%
Gross Profit 5Y 0.8% 4.2% 6.4% 6.0% 3.6% 2.9% 1.4% 2.4% 5.6% 8.1% 8.9% 10.3% 10.5% 11.0% 12.1% 12.9% 16.2% 18.3% 15.5% 12.7% 12.68%
Op. Income 3Y 1.2% 19.8% 23.6% 22.0% 24.0% 22.9% 38.6% 1.1% — — — 83.1% 34.7% 18.2% 18.3% 21.9% 30.9% 33.5% 25.8% 14.8% 14.78%
Op. Income 5Y 6.1% 14.8% 69.0% 55.1% 21.0% 15.0% -5.4% -0.6% 9.2% 21.2% 25.3% 31.1% 37.6% 39.5% 48.0% 74.3% — — — 33.8% 33.85%
FCF 3Y — — -26.4% -7.4% — — — — — — — — — — 72.3% 68.1% 62.4% -6.7% -33.3% -27.6% -27.56%
FCF 5Y — — — — 86.8% 1.1% 1.1% 50.4% 43.9% 34.1% 27.4% 53.1% — — — — — — — — —
OCF 3Y -12.6% -5.0% 0.7% 5.6% 12.1% 24.2% 43.0% 47.7% 62.0% 76.6% 97.1% 49.0% 25.9% 11.8% 1.8% 0.5% -0.9% -4.7% -8.9% -4.2% -4.17%
OCF 5Y -2.4% 6.5% 14.7% 11.6% 8.7% 7.5% 6.7% 3.6% 3.8% 2.7% 1.6% 7.4% 11.4% 16.9% 25.0% 27.3% 30.3% 34.4% 40.5% 18.6% 18.61%
Assets 3Y 4.1% 4.4% 4.6% 4.6% 5.2% 6.1% 6.6% 6.0% 6.2% 7.5% 5.4% 4.2% 2.8% 2.7% 2.4% 1.9% 0.6% -0.1% -0.4% 0.1% 0.10%
Assets 5Y 3.5% 3.4% 3.9% 3.4% 3.4% 4.0% 4.8% 4.1% 4.2% 4.9% 5.0% 4.1% 3.7% 3.6% 3.5% 3.7% 3.4% 3.8% 2.6% 2.2% 2.22%
Equity 3Y 0.0% -0.1% 1.4% 3.3% 4.4% 5.9% 6.7% 11.6% 13.4% 16.9% 15.6% 14.1% 13.0% 13.6% 12.1% 12.5% 11.3% 11.2% 10.6% 11.6% 11.57%
Book Value 3Y 0.0% -0.2% -0.0% 0.4% 1.4% 2.9% 3.8% 8.5% 10.3% 13.6% 12.3% 11.0% 9.9% 10.4% 10.6% 12.5% 11.3% 11.3% 10.7% 11.5% 11.45%
Dividend 3Y -40.8% -46.7% -76.3% -15.4% 21.0% 51.0% 3.0% 45.8% 3.7% 3.9% 4.0% 0.6% 42.1% 62.6% 81.7% 62.4% 31.7% 17.5% 8.8% 6.7% 6.66%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.00 0.09 0.19 0.27 0.40 0.39 0.38 0.45 0.50 0.56 0.59 0.60 0.69 0.78 0.86 0.90 0.87 0.79 0.70 0.64 0.636
Earnings Stability 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.01 0.05 0.13 0.26 0.30 0.53 0.55 0.58 0.64 0.89 0.80 0.65 0.58 0.73 0.734
Margin Stability 0.89 0.84 0.88 0.93 0.89 0.84 0.87 0.91 0.89 0.83 0.86 0.88 0.89 0.87 0.86 0.86 0.83 0.81 0.83 0.87 0.866
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.000
FCF Positive Streak 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Earnings Persistence 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.92 0.90 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.84 0.87 0.90 0.96 0.90 0.81 1.00 0.91 0.913
Earnings Smoothness — — — 0.12 0.88 0.69 0.68 0.81 0.79 0.20 0.14 0.59 0.66 0.63 0.73 0.91 0.78 0.61 0.99 0.76 0.757
ROE Trend 0.12 0.16 0.15 0.11 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.03 0.01 0.04 0.05 0.03 0.02 -0.01 -0.00 0.01 0.03 0.01 -0.03 -0.03 -0.029
Gross Margin Trend 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.02 0.00 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.00 -0.00 -0.00 -0.003
FCF Margin Trend -0.01 0.04 0.09 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.11 0.09 0.09 0.07 0.04 0.05 0.03 0.01 -0.02 -0.03 -0.04 -0.04 -0.04 -0.04 -0.039
Sustainable Growth Rate 7.8% 10.3% 10.0% 7.6% 7.5% 6.2% 5.9% 7.7% 8.2% 12.8% 13.5% 10.4% 9.4% 6.1% 7.0% 8.2% 9.3% 8.1% 5.7% 4.8% 4.77%
Internal Growth Rate 2.2% 3.0% 2.9% 2.2% 2.2% 1.9% 1.8% 2.4% 2.6% 4.3% 4.6% 3.7% 3.4% 2.3% 2.6% 3.2% 3.8% 3.4% 2.4% 2.1% 2.05%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 2.01 2.10 2.65 3.13 2.92 3.51 3.67 2.54 2.60 1.64 1.53 2.08 2.05 2.49 2.00 1.59 1.31 1.28 1.45 1.72 1.720
FCF/OCF -0.89 -0.25 0.11 0.10 0.09 0.35 0.60 0.65 0.88 0.88 0.88 0.90 0.79 0.67 0.54 0.48 0.41 0.33 0.24 0.28 0.282
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 0.485
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.620
CapEx/Revenue 11.7% 10.1% 8.8% 8.1% 7.6% 5.3% 3.3% 2.6% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 0.9% 1.9% 2.8% 3.7% 3.9% 4.1% 4.4% 4.6% 4.7% 4.75%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 0.931
Accruals Ratio -0.02 -0.03 -0.05 -0.05 -0.04 -0.05 -0.05 -0.04 -0.04 -0.03 -0.02 -0.04 -0.04 -0.04 -0.04 -0.02 -0.01 -0.01 -0.02 -0.02 -0.023
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.030
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 1.063
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 1.000
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Dividend Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 4.02%
Dividend/Share $5.21 $2.68 $0.14 $4.69 $9.25 $9.22 $9.18 $15.82 $11.23 $11.23 $11.23 $17.53 $35.08 $52.63 $70.26 $75.22 $80.25 $85.36 $90.36 $91.13 $80.00
Payout Ratio 3.4% 1.3% 0.1% 3.1% 5.9% 6.8% 6.8% 8.6% 5.8% 3.6% 3.3% 6.3% 12.8% 24.2% 27.0% 24.7% 23.5% 26.5% 34.8% 38.3% 38.35%
FCF Payout Ratio — — 0.2% 9.6% 21.5% 5.5% 3.1% 5.2% 2.5% 2.5% 2.4% 3.4% 8.0% 14.6% 25.1% 32.4% 43.5% 62.4% 1.0% 79.0% 79.03%
Total Payout Ratio 3.4% 1.3% 0.1% 3.1% 5.9% 6.8% 6.8% 8.6% 5.8% 3.6% 3.3% 6.3% 12.8% 24.2% 27.0% 24.9% 23.8% 27.0% 35.6% 39.8% 39.83%
Div. Increase Streak 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Chowder Number — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Net Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total Shareholder Return — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 1.11 0.86 0.78 0.72 0.69 0.68 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.70 0.70 0.68 0.67 0.72 0.72 0.85 0.89 0.90 0.95 0.78 0.775
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.80 0.87 0.88 0.86 1.15 1.18 1.19 1.14 0.88 0.93 0.93 0.92 0.96 0.93 1.12 0.92 0.98 1.00 0.82 0.89 0.891
EBIT Margin 0.03 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.08 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.06 0.056
Asset Turnover 0.72 0.76 0.76 0.78 0.80 0.83 0.85 0.88 0.90 0.88 0.87 0.88 0.89 0.88 0.87 0.88 0.89 0.88 0.85 0.85 0.849
Equity Multiplier 3.64 3.57 3.56 3.48 3.43 3.39 3.32 3.24 3.18 3.07 3.05 2.94 2.86 2.71 2.72 2.62 2.56 2.48 2.48 2.38 2.375
Per Share
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $152.52 $201.15 $194.13 $152.28 $157.65 $135.78 $135.47 $183.75 $194.93 $316.25 $341.26 $277.38 $273.95 $217.36 $260.38 $304.77 $341.94 $322.08 $259.28 $237.64 $237.64
Book Value/Share $2032.46 $2085.29 $2083.99 $2066.48 $2115.19 $2180.83 $2265.64 $2314.32 $2365.07 $2590.51 $2631.11 $2675.13 $2696.27 $2806.04 $2820.67 $2946.22 $2916.83 $3003.97 $3077.46 $3203.98 $3353.19
Tangible Book/Share $1932.39 $1985.11 $1989.64 $1974.42 $2019.71 $2083.20 $2170.72 $2219.16 $2268.60 $2492.40 $2530.94 $2575.69 $2580.86 $2684.61 $2699.29 $2818.99 $2786.34 $3003.06 $2934.68 $3057.47 $3057.47
Revenue/Share $4947.89 $5241.81 $5226.48 $5278.40 $5480.07 $5778.92 $6032.98 $6260.88 $6402.43 $6473.26 $6485.68 $6439.04 $6422.13 $6430.28 $6477.86 $6479.34 $6427.53 $6343.19 $6245.01 $6184.49 $6189.28
FCF/Share $-271.25 $-105.88 $56.98 $48.85 $43.01 $168.14 $299.02 $304.30 $444.38 $454.46 $461.19 $517.96 $440.19 $361.33 $280.12 $232.20 $184.47 $136.82 $88.90 $115.31 $0.00
OCF/Share $305.80 $421.42 $514.38 $477.26 $460.79 $476.16 $497.10 $465.99 $507.03 $517.10 $523.83 $578.01 $560.34 $541.60 $520.78 $484.43 $448.50 $412.90 $376.64 $408.77 $0.00
Cash/Share $911.69 $785.63 $503.68 $660.76 $429.52 $550.75 $596.12 $515.35 $664.56 $739.27 $801.67 $706.01 $542.55 $495.56 $515.94 $558.21 $445.54 $581.77 $563.52 $480.68 $445.96
EBITDA/Share $487.98 $569.20 $542.69 $480.75 $437.84 $418.83 $430.88 $489.98 $579.90 $774.00 $814.80 $859.07 $839.82 $738.11 $546.24 $505.80 $508.76 $480.72 $650.29 $658.95 $658.95
Debt/Share $2868.26 $2767.34 $2620.71 $2432.83 $2349.62 $2303.31 $2352.62 $2296.84 $2298.55 $2176.60 $2253.13 $2186.25 $2201.39 $2103.13 $2330.87 $2247.66 $2201.05 $2035.65 $2109.26 $1955.72 $1955.72
Net Debt/Share $1956.57 $1981.71 $2117.03 $1772.07 $1920.10 $1752.56 $1756.50 $1781.49 $1633.99 $1437.33 $1451.46 $1480.24 $1658.84 $1607.57 $1814.93 $1689.45 $1755.51 $1453.88 $1545.73 $1475.04 $1475.04
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Piotroski F-Score 7 8 7 7 7 5 5 7 7 8 8 8 9 7 7 7 8 6 5 6 6
Beneish M-Score -2.78 -2.56 -2.26 -2.44 -2.08 -2.28 -2.64 -2.48 -2.93 -2.82 -2.63 -2.67 -2.65 -2.70 -2.72 -2.60 -2.45 -2.54 -2.43 -2.62 -2.617
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -10.194
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 8.70%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-376.59
EVA snapshot only $-79654715313.76
Credit
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only A-
Credit Score 51.95 56.05 56.95 55.95 52.25 53.15 50.30 56.55 60.55 65.45 65.45 66.05 66.50 64.00 62.90 64.15 64.50 64.50 62.60 66.20 66.200
Credit Grade snapshot only 7
Credit Trend snapshot only 2.050
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 175.000

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