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Also trades as: 2371.T (JPX) · $vol 31M

KKKUF OTC

Kakaku.com, Inc.
1W: +0.6% 1M: -0.4% 3M: +18.0% YTD: +66.8% 1Y: +25.2% 3Y: +154.6% 5Y: -22.8%
$24.36
+0.00 (+0.00%)
 
OTC · Communication Services · Internet Content & Information · Tech Score Neutral · Power 62 · $4.8B mcap · 122M float · 0.0004% daily turnover · Short 80% of daily vol

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

B+
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
4
ROE
5
ROA
5
D/E
2
P/E
1
P/B
1
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. KKKUF receives an overall rating of B+. Strongest factors: DCF (4/5), ROE (5/5), ROA (5/5). Areas of concern: D/E (2/5), P/E (1/5), P/B (1/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-09-23 A- B+
2026-09-21 B+ A-
2026-09-16 A- B+
2026-09-15 B+ A-
2026-09-01 A- B+
2026-09-01 B+ A-
2026-08-27 A- B+
2026-08-26 B+ A-
2026-08-19 A- B+
2026-08-13 B+ A-

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ — Grade A+
Profitability
76
Balance Sheet
96
Earnings Quality
78
Growth
54
Value
—
Momentum
74
Safety
—
Cash Flow
67

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
—
—
Piotroski F-Score
6/9
✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✗ ✓
Beneish M-Score
-2.06
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-12.29
Bankruptcy prob: 0.0%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
AA-
Score: 82.8/100
Trend: Stable
Earnings Quality
100/100
OCF/NI: 1.09x
Accruals: -1.9%
The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. KKKUF scores 6/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. KKKUF's score of -2.06 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. KKKUF's implied 0.0% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. KKKUF receives an estimated rating of AA- (score: 82.8/100), with a stable trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). KKKUF's score of 100/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
40.82x
PEG
-4.65x
P/S
7.70x
P/B
11.63x
P/FCF
—
P/OCF
—
EV/EBITDA
—
EV/Revenue
—
EV/EBIT
—
EV/FCF
—
Earnings Yield
—
FCF Yield
—
Shareholder Yield
—
Graham Number
$842.45
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 40.8x earnings, KKKUF is priced for high growth expectations. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $842.45 per share, suggesting a potential 3358% margin of safety at the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.688
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.998
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.291
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
1.015
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
1.467
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
29.7%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. KKKUF's ROE of 29.7% is driven by Asset Turnover (1.015), indicating efficient use of assets to generate revenue.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
5.99%
Fair P/E
20.48x
Intrinsic Value
$1955.02
Price/Value
—
Margin of Safety
—
Premium
—
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with KKKUF's realized 6.0% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. KKKUF trades at a premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $1955.02, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 20.5x compares to the current market P/E of 40.8x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$24.36
Median 1Y
$23.40
5th Pctile
$11.99
95th Pctile
$45.88
Ann. Volatility
40.6%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
ROE 30.5% 29.7% 30.3% 30.1% 33.6% 34.2% 37.5% 33.7% 32.6% 30.8% 34.3% 36.5% 38.8% 36.5% 39.1% 35.4% 37.6% 33.8% 33.0% 29.7% 29.71%
ROA 21.1% 20.2% 19.9% 20.2% 21.9% 22.7% 24.1% 21.6% 20.1% 19.6% 21.5% 22.4% 22.9% 22.2% 24.4% 22.7% 23.2% 21.7% 22.0% 20.3% 20.26%
ROIC 62.1% 63.0% 56.2% 65.5% 74.1% 82.7% 73.1% 98.9% 77.7% 84.2% 68.5% 97.3% 1.0% 1.2% 1.1% 1.4% 83.4% 87.7% 67.2% 1.1% 1.13%
ROCE 37.9% 37.9% 39.3% 38.8% 41.9% 42.0% 48.1% 44.4% 43.7% 41.6% 44.8% 46.3% 49.2% 47.7% 49.3% 45.3% 50.6% 45.0% 44.5% 40.0% 39.98%
Gross Margin 67.0% 67.4% 68.2% 66.7% 67.7% 68.3% 69.3% 64.5% 64.6% 65.9% 66.5% 66.0% 39.4% 41.0% 39.5% 32.8% 33.3% 28.1% 30.3% 24.3% 24.27%
Operating Margin 33.4% 34.6% 40.3% 38.9% 38.3% 38.9% 43.0% 37.0% 33.7% 37.7% 40.6% 41.7% 39.4% 41.0% 39.5% 33.2% 33.3% 28.1% 30.3% 24.3% 24.27%
Net Margin 22.9% 25.5% 33.3% 27.9% 29.8% 27.2% 29.3% 20.3% 23.8% 26.5% 27.6% 29.7% 27.2% 25.6% 27.1% 22.7% 22.9% 19.0% 20.8% 17.6% 17.57%
EBITDA Margin 40.5% 41.7% 54.5% 50.3% 46.5% 46.3% 48.7% 38.6% 40.6% 44.0% 45.9% 46.4% 44.6% 46.3% 44.2% 38.1% 38.0% 33.5% 35.3% 28.7% 28.74%
FCF Margin 32.8% 33.5% 26.2% 27.6% 32.5% 33.3% 32.1% 33.5% 26.4% 26.1% 25.8% 26.1% 32.0% 34.6% 35.6% 34.0% 25.8% 23.3% 19.9% 21.2% 21.16%
OCF Margin 36.4% 37.1% 29.7% 31.0% 36.0% 36.6% 35.7% 36.8% 29.6% 29.4% 29.0% 29.2% 34.6% 36.5% 37.1% 34.9% 26.4% 23.9% 20.3% 21.8% 21.81%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 32.17%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 32.00%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 21.15%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 1.25%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 28.23%
Cash ROA snapshot only 22.18%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 1.24%
CROIC snapshot only 1.21%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 19.89%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 29.04%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
P/E Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 40.819
P/S Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 7.702
P/B Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 11.631
P/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
P/OCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBITDA — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/Revenue — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBIT — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Earnings Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
FCF Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Graham Number snapshot only $842.45
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Current Ratio 2.87 2.81 2.69 2.84 2.41 2.62 2.25 2.21 2.12 2.29 2.31 2.27 2.08 2.19 2.28 2.60 2.25 2.64 2.92 2.78 2.780
Quick Ratio 2.87 2.81 2.69 2.84 2.41 2.62 2.25 2.21 2.12 2.29 2.31 2.27 2.08 2.19 2.28 2.60 2.25 2.64 2.92 2.78 2.780
Debt/Equity 0.17 0.16 0.16 0.14 0.13 0.11 0.14 0.12 0.14 0.11 0.11 0.10 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.07 0.14 0.06 0.10 0.05 0.049
Net Debt/Equity -0.53 -0.53 -0.49 -0.58 -0.60 -0.65 -0.52 -0.65 -0.56 -0.62 -0.50 -0.64 -0.64 -0.71 -0.67 -0.76 -0.55 -0.62 -0.51 -0.75 -0.746
Debt/Assets 0.12 0.11 0.11 0.09 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.08 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.09 0.04 0.07 0.03 0.034
Debt/EBITDA 0.33 0.31 0.30 0.27 0.24 0.21 0.22 0.22 0.24 0.21 0.20 0.17 0.15 0.15 0.14 0.13 0.23 0.11 0.19 0.10 0.100
Net Debt/EBITDA -1.02 -1.03 -0.92 -1.15 -1.10 -1.22 -0.83 -1.14 -0.99 -1.17 -0.87 -1.11 -1.05 -1.23 -1.13 -1.39 -0.89 -1.13 -0.93 -1.53 -1.530
Interest Coverage 157.46 213.66 216.40 435.40 451.58 410.39 407.73 49.50 49.08 52.35 50.10 233.50 244.10 189.90 244.02 40.06 39.61 28.30 27.44 78.14 78.137
Equity Multiplier 1.49 1.49 1.50 1.47 1.57 1.52 1.60 1.64 1.68 1.62 1.59 1.62 1.70 1.66 1.61 1.51 1.55 1.45 1.39 1.42 1.423
Cash Ratio snapshot only 2.151
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 90.532
Cash to Debt snapshot only 16.325
FCF to Debt snapshot only 6.286
Defensive Interval snapshot only 7946330.0 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.86 0.82 0.76 0.73 0.75 0.77 0.84 0.82 0.80 0.79 0.87 0.83 0.82 0.81 0.89 0.89 0.95 0.95 1.03 1.01 1.015
Inventory Turnover — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Receivables Turnover 8.00 7.49 5.78 6.63 6.97 7.37 6.05 6.77 6.77 7.01 5.93 6.13 6.50 6.59 6.09 6.24 6.85 7.00 6.59 7.10 7.103
Payables Turnover 13.44 10.94 6.44 6.33 7.59 7.28 6.45 6.05 7.05 6.91 6.66 5.87 7.76 8.46 9.42 10.41 14.10 13.19 13.84 12.60 12.597
DSO 46 49 63 55 52 49 60 54 54 52 62 60 56 55 60 58 53 52 55 51 51.4 days
DIO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 days
DPO 27 33 57 58 48 50 57 60 52 53 55 62 47 43 39 35 26 28 26 29 29.0 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 18 15 6 -3 4 -1 4 -6 2 -1 7 -3 9 12 21 23 27 25 29 22 22.4 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 16.516
Cash Velocity snapshot only 1.820
Capital Intensity snapshot only 0.983
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Revenue -4.7% 0.0% -4.2% 1.3% 0.2% 5.4% 13.9% 17.6% 15.7% 14.1% 11.3% 10.0% 11.4% 12.2% 15.4% 17.2% 19.3% 21.4% 21.4% 20.7% 20.65%
Net Income -15.2% -4.4% 0.5% 21.5% 20.0% 26.5% 25.2% 12.8% -0.7% -3.4% -4.2% 12.2% 23.5% 23.6% 28.4% 10.7% 5.0% 0.5% -5.6% -5.7% -5.67%
EPS -15.2% -4.2% 1.1% 22.2% 20.8% 27.1% 25.9% 14.9% 1.0% -1.8% -2.7% 13.7% 25.5% 25.8% 30.2% 11.1% 5.1% 0.4% -5.7% -5.7% -5.74%
FCF 3.0% 24.4% -24.3% -5.5% -0.6% 4.8% 39.7% 43.1% -6.2% -10.6% -10.6% -14.5% 35.3% 48.5% 58.9% 53.2% -4.0% -18.1% -32.1% -25.0% -25.04%
EBITDA -10.3% -2.0% 1.4% 12.2% 10.4% 19.4% 19.6% 12.0% 3.8% -0.6% -1.7% 8.6% 15.9% 19.6% 23.6% 13.9% 9.2% 1.4% -3.2% -5.6% -5.58%
Op. Income -12.5% -4.8% -6.0% 4.7% 2.1% 12.3% 25.2% 25.1% 15.8% 10.6% 4.1% 7.9% 16.4% 20.4% 24.8% 15.7% 9.4% -0.4% -6.3% -8.6% -8.64%
OCF Growth snapshot only -24.68%
Asset Growth snapshot only -0.48%
Equity Growth snapshot only 5.80%
Debt Growth snapshot only -25.06%
Shares Change snapshot only 0.07%
Dividend Growth snapshot only 66.71%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Revenue 3Y 3.3% 1.6% -1.2% -1.9% -1.7% -1.5% -1.0% -0.1% 3.4% 6.4% 6.7% 9.4% 8.9% 10.5% 13.5% 14.9% 15.5% 15.9% 16.0% 15.9% 15.88%
Revenue 5Y 4.8% 3.9% 2.7% 2.8% 3.5% 4.5% 5.2% 5.4% 5.0% 4.7% 4.1% 4.1% 4.1% 4.1% 4.5% 5.2% 8.0% 10.4% 11.2% 13.1% 13.13%
EPS 3Y -5.4% -6.2% -6.6% -4.3% -2.9% -2.3% -2.8% -3.1% 1.2% 6.1% 7.4% 16.9% 15.3% 16.2% 16.8% 13.2% 10.0% 7.5% 6.1% 6.0% 5.99%
EPS 5Y 0.4% -0.6% -0.6% 0.5% 2.1% 3.0% 2.7% 1.6% 0.7% 0.6% -0.1% 2.7% 3.0% 2.9% 3.1% 2.8% 6.4% 8.6% 8.8% 10.8% 10.81%
Net Income 3Y -6.0% -6.9% -7.3% -5.0% -3.5% -3.0% -3.6% -4.2% 0.4% 5.3% 6.4% 15.4% 13.7% 14.7% 15.5% 11.9% 8.8% 6.3% 5.1% 5.4% 5.43%
Net Income 5Y -0.8% -1.7% -1.8% -0.7% 1.2% 2.1% 2.0% 0.5% -0.2% -0.3% -0.9% 1.6% 2.0% 1.7% 2.0% 1.8% 5.6% 7.7% 7.9% 9.9% 9.94%
EBITDA 3Y -1.9% -3.5% -4.2% -2.9% -1.8% -1.5% -2.5% -3.2% 0.9% 5.2% 6.0% 10.9% 9.9% 12.4% 13.3% 11.5% 9.5% 6.4% 5.5% 5.3% 5.30%
EBITDA 5Y 2.1% 1.0% 0.8% 1.6% 2.7% 3.7% 3.6% 2.2% 1.6% 1.3% 0.7% 2.2% 2.6% 2.6% 2.4% 2.3% 5.4% 7.1% 7.3% 8.0% 7.96%
Gross Profit 3Y 30.1% 32.6% 34.2% 45.1% 43.4% 41.9% 41.2% 49.8% 73.4% 97.5% 1.1% 25.7% 13.6% 6.8% 0.3% -5.1% -6.0% -8.6% -10.7% -12.7% -12.67%
Gross Profit 5Y -6.1% -4.5% -3.1% -3.0% 0.0% 3.7% 8.0% 27.3% 26.6% 25.8% 24.5% 31.0% 27.3% 23.5% 19.7% 19.5% 30.6% 39.5% 42.8% 4.3% 4.27%
Op. Income 3Y -4.9% -6.7% -9.2% -8.6% -7.6% -6.6% -5.7% -4.2% 1.1% 5.7% 7.0% 12.2% 11.2% 14.4% 17.6% 16.0% 13.8% 9.9% 6.8% 4.5% 4.47%
Op. Income 5Y -0.0% -1.3% -2.6% -2.0% -0.9% 0.3% 1.2% 0.9% 0.3% 0.2% -0.5% 0.6% 1.3% 1.6% 1.7% 1.9% 5.6% 7.2% 7.5% 8.3% 8.34%
FCF 3Y 4.3% 4.9% -5.3% -4.6% 1.0% 0.2% -1.9% -1.4% -1.3% 5.2% -1.9% 4.9% 8.1% 11.6% 25.7% 23.3% 6.8% 2.8% -1.2% -0.6% -0.63%
FCF 5Y 6.3% 6.1% -3.1% -0.7% 3.7% 4.6% 5.1% 6.9% 1.2% 1.6% 1.2% 1.2% 5.5% 6.0% 6.0% 4.6% 4.5% 7.2% 0.4% 5.8% 5.82%
OCF 3Y 5.0% 5.4% -4.5% -4.3% 0.9% -0.1% -2.4% -2.3% -2.7% 3.1% -2.2% 4.2% 7.2% 9.9% 22.3% 19.6% 4.1% 0.4% -3.9% -2.7% -2.69%
OCF 5Y 6.3% 5.9% -2.5% -0.4% 3.7% 4.6% 5.4% 7.0% 1.8% 2.2% 1.6% 1.3% 5.0% 4.9% 4.4% 2.7% 1.9% 3.9% -1.7% 3.6% 3.61%
Assets 3Y 17.2% 11.8% 14.3% 11.2% 13.7% 10.9% 6.5% 7.5% 12.4% 9.9% 3.9% 5.5% 9.0% 12.1% 11.6% 9.9% 4.7% 4.0% 5.3% 5.8% 5.81%
Assets 5Y 14.5% 12.0% 12.2% 10.8% 14.8% 13.2% 15.5% 12.9% 13.7% 11.9% 11.6% 10.2% 11.3% 10.2% 8.9% 8.1% 9.0% 7.1% 4.3% 5.6% 5.57%
Equity 3Y 10.1% 5.3% 7.0% 5.8% 5.4% 4.3% 2.3% 3.7% 5.7% 6.2% 3.0% 3.1% 4.4% 8.0% 9.0% 8.8% 5.1% 5.5% 10.3% 11.0% 10.97%
Book Value 3Y 10.8% 6.1% 7.8% 6.6% 6.1% 5.0% 3.1% 4.9% 6.5% 7.0% 4.0% 4.4% 5.8% 9.4% 10.3% 10.1% 6.3% 6.7% 11.3% 11.6% 11.56%
Dividend 3Y 0.4% 0.5% 0.7% 0.7% 0.4% 0.4% 0.6% 1.0% 0.5% 0.5% 2.8% 3.1% 5.6% 5.5% 4.4% 4.4% 21.3% 21.3% 19.7% 19.2% 19.23%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.72 0.50 0.25 0.15 0.38 0.40 0.31 0.29 0.66 0.74 0.55 0.49 0.51 0.48 0.44 0.49 0.74 0.85 0.87 0.92 0.921
Earnings Stability 0.00 0.05 0.07 0.09 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.08 0.10 0.03 0.06 0.00 0.09 0.15 0.15 0.27 0.72 0.87 0.83 0.89 0.892
Margin Stability 0.24 0.22 0.22 0.37 0.39 0.40 0.40 0.50 0.47 0.43 0.42 0.61 0.65 0.66 0.64 0.58 0.53 0.47 0.44 0.65 0.647
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.00 0.50 0.00 0.50 0.50 1.00 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.000
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Earnings Persistence 0.94 0.98 1.00 0.91 0.92 0.89 0.90 0.95 1.00 0.99 0.98 0.95 0.91 0.91 0.89 0.96 0.98 1.00 0.98 0.98 0.977
Earnings Smoothness 0.84 0.96 1.00 0.81 0.82 0.77 0.78 0.88 0.99 0.96 0.96 0.88 0.79 0.79 0.75 0.90 0.95 0.99 0.94 0.94 0.942
ROE Trend -0.12 -0.06 -0.07 -0.04 -0.01 0.01 0.07 0.06 0.02 0.00 -0.00 0.03 0.05 0.04 0.01 -0.02 0.01 -0.00 -0.03 -0.05 -0.049
Gross Margin Trend 0.34 0.42 0.51 0.36 0.34 0.33 0.30 0.12 0.07 0.03 -0.02 -0.02 -0.08 -0.14 -0.20 -0.29 -0.27 -0.26 -0.25 -0.23 -0.230
FCF Margin Trend 0.03 0.04 -0.07 -0.05 0.01 0.03 0.02 0.05 -0.06 -0.07 -0.03 -0.05 0.03 0.05 0.07 0.04 -0.03 -0.07 -0.11 -0.09 -0.089
Sustainable Growth Rate 11.3% 11.0% 11.6% 12.8% 16.1% 17.3% 19.1% 16.6% 15.7% 15.2% 15.7% 19.0% 20.4% 19.6% 21.0% 18.6% 8.2% 6.9% 6.0% 4.8% 4.83%
Internal Growth Rate 8.5% 8.1% 8.2% 9.4% 11.7% 13.0% 14.0% 11.9% 10.7% 10.7% 10.9% 13.2% 13.7% 13.5% 15.1% 13.5% 5.4% 4.6% 4.2% 3.4% 3.40%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 1.49 1.51 1.14 1.12 1.23 1.24 1.25 1.39 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.08 1.25 1.33 1.36 1.37 1.08 1.05 0.95 1.09 1.092
FCF/OCF 0.90 0.90 0.88 0.89 0.90 0.91 0.90 0.91 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.92 0.95 0.96 0.97 0.97 0.98 0.98 0.97 0.970
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 1.059
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.647
CapEx/Revenue 3.6% 3.6% 3.5% 3.4% 3.5% 3.3% 3.5% 3.3% 3.2% 3.3% 3.2% 3.1% 2.6% 1.9% 1.6% 0.9% 0.7% 0.5% 0.4% 0.7% 0.65%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 0.142
Accruals Ratio -0.10 -0.10 -0.03 -0.02 -0.05 -0.05 -0.06 -0.08 -0.04 -0.04 -0.04 -0.02 -0.06 -0.07 -0.09 -0.08 -0.02 -0.01 0.01 -0.02 -0.019
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.058
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 1.255
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 1.000
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Dividend Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.22%
Dividend/Share $39.98 $40.04 $40.13 $40.12 $39.99 $39.99 $40.20 $40.70 $40.28 $40.31 $43.12 $43.54 $46.28 $46.37 $47.98 $47.96 $79.85 $79.92 $79.97 $79.95 $46.51
Payout Ratio 62.9% 62.9% 61.7% 57.5% 52.1% 49.4% 49.1% 50.8% 51.9% 50.7% 54.1% 47.8% 47.6% 46.4% 46.2% 47.4% 78.1% 79.6% 81.7% 83.7% 83.75%
FCF Payout Ratio 46.9% 46.1% 61.2% 57.6% 46.9% 43.8% 43.6% 40.1% 49.5% 48.5% 51.5% 49.6% 41.3% 36.9% 35.6% 35.5% 74.2% 77.8% 87.5% 79.0% 79.05%
Total Payout Ratio 62.9% 1.0% 99.3% 92.6% 84.0% 49.5% 97.1% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 91.8% 81.0% 78.7% 76.8% 46.3% 47.4% 78.1% 79.6% 81.7% 83.7% 83.75%
Div. Increase Streak 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Chowder Number — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Net Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total Shareholder Return — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.66 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.70 0.68 0.68 0.69 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.69 0.688
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.99 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 1.00 1.00 0.98 0.98 0.96 0.96 0.97 0.96 1.00 0.998
EBIT Margin 0.37 0.37 0.38 0.40 0.42 0.43 0.42 0.39 0.38 0.37 0.37 0.39 0.40 0.41 0.40 0.38 0.37 0.34 0.31 0.29 0.291
Asset Turnover 0.86 0.82 0.76 0.73 0.75 0.77 0.84 0.82 0.80 0.79 0.87 0.83 0.82 0.81 0.89 0.89 0.95 0.95 1.03 1.01 1.015
Equity Multiplier 1.45 1.47 1.53 1.49 1.53 1.50 1.55 1.56 1.63 1.57 1.60 1.63 1.69 1.64 1.60 1.56 1.62 1.56 1.50 1.47 1.467
Per Share
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $63.53 $63.66 $65.05 $69.79 $76.74 $80.90 $81.92 $80.18 $77.54 $79.47 $79.68 $91.15 $97.30 $99.99 $103.76 $101.28 $102.27 $100.42 $97.89 $95.47 $95.47
Book Value/Share $220.57 $217.90 $214.57 $234.17 $234.79 $254.29 $221.44 $237.97 $236.33 $257.63 $239.54 $258.82 $261.13 $285.60 $287.60 $312.50 $282.19 $308.64 $305.58 $330.40 $328.60
Tangible Book/Share $187.40 $184.83 $181.13 $200.54 $201.39 $221.13 $184.96 $200.94 $199.74 $220.90 $202.25 $221.27 $223.21 $250.09 $251.56 $276.07 $225.04 $250.09 $246.71 $272.43 $272.43
Revenue/Share $259.99 $258.68 $250.24 $252.56 $262.34 $273.89 $286.65 $302.43 $308.88 $318.06 $323.97 $337.14 $349.84 $363.44 $378.98 $396.55 $417.92 $440.94 $459.83 $478.12 $494.69
FCF/Share $85.20 $86.77 $65.59 $69.63 $85.30 $91.32 $92.15 $101.45 $81.44 $83.09 $83.68 $87.83 $112.02 $125.60 $134.79 $135.02 $107.68 $102.77 $91.43 $101.15 $117.43
OCF/Share $94.61 $96.08 $74.31 $78.29 $94.49 $100.35 $102.31 $111.39 $91.32 $93.64 $94.08 $98.39 $121.20 $132.57 $140.79 $138.55 $110.47 $105.19 $93.47 $104.28 $121.29
Cash/Share $155.22 $151.43 $138.76 $168.70 $171.15 $194.53 $145.06 $183.90 $165.39 $188.43 $145.86 $192.15 $191.30 $229.27 $217.31 $258.54 $194.85 $209.49 $186.10 $262.69 $242.66
EBITDA/Share $114.47 $112.73 $114.25 $119.15 $127.24 $135.27 $137.48 $135.91 $134.39 $136.77 $137.19 $149.53 $158.32 $166.55 $171.86 $170.87 $173.07 $168.71 $166.22 $161.23 $161.23
Debt/Share $38.33 $35.41 $33.85 $32.21 $30.60 $28.98 $30.59 $29.63 $32.68 $28.67 $27.06 $26.07 $24.27 $25.10 $23.96 $21.49 $40.67 $18.79 $30.84 $16.09 $16.09
Net Debt/Share $-116.89 $-116.02 $-104.91 $-136.49 $-140.55 $-165.55 $-114.47 $-154.27 $-132.71 $-159.75 $-118.80 $-166.07 $-167.03 $-204.17 $-193.35 $-237.06 $-154.18 $-190.69 $-155.26 $-246.60 $-246.60
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Piotroski F-Score 5 6 8 9 7 7 8 7 6 6 7 9 7 7 7 8 7 7 4 6 6
Beneish M-Score -3.17 -3.19 -2.82 -2.54 -2.49 -2.53 -2.54 -2.60 -2.45 -2.42 -2.57 -2.40 -2.10 -2.17 -2.19 -3.62 -2.23 -2.03 -2.05 -2.06 -2.059
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -12.293
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 56.51%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $200.59
EVA snapshot only $17166198580.19
Credit
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only AA-
Credit Score 82.75 82.75 82.75 82.75 82.75 82.75 82.75 82.75 82.75 82.75 82.75 82.75 82.75 82.75 82.75 82.75 82.75 82.75 82.75 82.75 82.750
Credit Grade snapshot only 4
Credit Trend snapshot only 0.000
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 100.000

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