— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: 0992.HK (HKSE) · $vol 667M · LNVGY (OTC) · $vol 16M · LEN.SW (SIX)

LNVGF OTC

Lenovo Group Limited
1W: -6.6% 1M: +8.9% 3M: +66.4% YTD: +283.5% 1Y: +215.0% 3Y: +355.1% 5Y: +417.6%
$4.41
+0.04 (+0.92%)
 
Weekly Expected Move ±10.1%
$4 $4 $4 $5 $5
OTC · Technology · Computer Hardware · Tech Score Buy · Power 70 · $54.7B mcap · 8.65B float · 0.0021% daily turnover · Short 11% of daily vol

Analyst Insights

Wall Street analyst consensus based on price targets and buy/sell/hold recommendations from institutional research coverage over the trailing 12 months.

Analyst Price Targets
Analyst Recommendations
Strong Buy: 0Buy: 1Hold: 0Sell: 0Strong Sell: 0
Rating Summary
ConsensusBuy
Avg Target$—
Analysts0

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

C+
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
3
ROE
3
ROA
3
D/E
1
P/E
1
P/B
2
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. LNVGF receives an overall rating of C+. Areas of concern: D/E (1/5), P/E (1/5), P/B (2/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-10-01 B- C+
2026-08-24 C+ B-
2026-08-20 B- C+
2026-08-14 B+ B-
2026-08-10 A- B+
2026-04-01 B+ A-
2026-03-31 None ADDED
2026-03-31 EXISTED None
2026-03-09 B+ A-
2026-03-04 A- B+

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 66 Grade A
Profitability
33
Balance Sheet
54
Earnings Quality
66
Growth
75
Value
77
Momentum
97
Safety
50
Cash Flow
65
The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. LNVGF scores highest in Momentum (97/100) and lowest in Profitability (33/100). An overall grade of A places LNVGF among the highest-quality companies in its peer group.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
1.97
Grey Zone
Piotroski F-Score
8/9
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✓
Beneish M-Score
-2.24
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-6.46
Bankruptcy prob: 0.2%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
A-
Score: 67.5/100
Trend: Improving
Earnings Quality
100/100
OCF/NI: 2.17x
Accruals: -4.4%
The Altman Z-Score (1968) combines five ratios — working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, market value of equity, and sales, all relative to total assets or liabilities — into a single bankruptcy predictor. LNVGF scores 1.97, placing it in the Grey Zone (safe > 2.99, distress < 1.81). Financial distress is possible and warrants monitoring. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. LNVGF scores 8/9, signaling strong financial health across all three dimensions. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. LNVGF's score of -2.24 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. LNVGF's implied 0.2% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. LNVGF receives an estimated rating of A- (score: 67.5/100), with a improving trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). LNVGF's score of 100/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
65.87x
PEG
-1.35x
P/S
0.60x
P/B
7.32x
P/FCF
5.63x
P/OCF
3.91x
EV/EBITDA
3.61x
EV/Revenue
0.20x
EV/EBIT
5.12x
EV/FCF
5.72x
Earnings Yield
11.80%
FCF Yield
17.76%
Shareholder Yield
7.28%
Graham Number
$1.24
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 65.9x earnings, LNVGF is priced for high growth expectations. An earnings yield of 11.8% exceeds typical risk-free rates, suggesting equities are being compensated for risk. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $1.24 per share, 255% below the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.716
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.830
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.039
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
1.638
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
7.396
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
27.9%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. LNVGF's ROE of 27.9% is driven by financial leverage (equity multiplier: 7.40x). Note: high leverage means ROE is amplified by debt rather than operational performance.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
2.71%
Fair P/E
13.93x
Intrinsic Value
$1.82
Price/Value
0.61x
Margin of Safety
39.13%
Premium
-39.13%
Assessment
Neutral
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with LNVGF's realized 2.7% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. LNVGF trades at a -39% premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $1.82, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 13.9x compares to the current market P/E of 65.9x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$4.41
Median 1Y
$4.75
5th Pctile
$1.62
95th Pctile
$13.94
Ann. Volatility
65.6%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
ROE 34.6% 38.5% 44.9% 47.5% 45.0% 45.9% 38.9% 30.4% 24.0% 18.9% 16.0% 18.1% 20.7% 22.4% 27.6% 23.8% 27.9% 26.4% 23.4% 27.9% 27.87%
ROA 3.9% 4.2% 4.5% 4.9% 4.9% 4.9% 4.4% 3.9% 3.1% 2.4% 2.2% 2.6% 2.7% 2.8% 3.7% 3.3% 3.8% 3.5% 3.0% 3.8% 3.77%
ROIC 29.4% 35.4% 38.4% 50.2% 47.0% 55.4% 45.4% 38.2% 33.7% 27.6% 24.0% 27.1% 34.6% 35.0% 41.1% 30.6% 34.0% 36.4% 30.2% 32.7% 32.66%
ROCE 22.2% 24.5% 24.9% 26.3% 27.7% 25.3% 23.2% 21.1% 18.5% 16.3% 14.7% 16.3% 18.7% 19.8% 20.3% 15.5% 16.6% 16.3% 17.2% 20.4% 20.37%
Gross Margin 16.7% 16.8% 16.7% 17.2% 16.9% 16.8% 17.1% 17.0% 17.5% 17.5% 16.5% 17.6% 16.6% 15.7% 14.8% 16.4% 14.7% 15.4% 14.4% 16.4% 16.39%
Operating Margin 4.4% 4.6% 4.6% 3.5% 4.6% 5.0% 4.9% 2.3% 3.0% 3.6% 3.9% 3.5% 3.2% 3.6% 3.7% 1.9% 4.2% 3.1% 4.2% 3.9% 3.87%
Net Margin 2.8% 2.9% 3.2% 2.5% 3.0% 3.2% 2.9% 0.9% 1.4% 1.7% 2.1% 1.8% 1.6% 2.0% 3.7% 0.5% 2.7% 1.7% 2.5% 2.4% 2.41%
EBITDA Margin 6.2% 6.3% 6.2% 5.6% 6.5% 6.9% 7.2% 5.3% 5.7% 6.0% 6.4% 6.4% 4.9% 5.8% 5.8% 3.5% 5.6% 5.0% 5.9% 5.4% 5.41%
FCF Margin 4.4% 5.2% 2.9% 3.9% 3.7% 4.3% 3.7% 2.0% 2.6% -0.1% 0.5% 1.3% 1.8% 2.9% 3.1% 0.7% 1.3% 1.8% 2.2% 3.5% 3.46%
OCF Margin 5.9% 6.8% 4.6% 5.7% 5.6% 6.4% 6.1% 4.5% 5.3% 2.6% 3.1% 3.5% 3.7% 4.4% 4.2% 1.7% 2.2% 2.9% 3.5% 5.0% 4.98%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 21.98%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 27.08%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 3.03%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 21.60%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 23.14%
Cash ROA snapshot only 7.24%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 52.44%
CROIC snapshot only 36.45%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 3.10%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 3.21%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 3.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 8.21%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.10%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
P/E Ratio 8.57 7.36 6.78 5.70 5.10 3.61 4.95 7.80 9.79 13.07 19.52 13.89 16.41 13.19 10.53 12.17 9.66 13.88 11.87 8.48 65.875
P/S Ratio 0.19 0.18 0.18 0.16 0.15 0.11 0.14 0.20 0.21 0.23 0.31 0.25 0.30 0.25 0.25 0.24 0.22 0.30 0.22 0.20 0.596
P/B Ratio 3.06 3.01 2.84 2.32 2.05 1.47 1.77 2.24 2.30 2.49 3.05 2.51 3.53 2.86 2.91 2.78 2.34 3.30 2.48 2.12 7.325
P/FCF 4.40 3.41 6.32 4.14 4.02 2.49 3.85 10.25 8.12 -201.53 55.98 18.53 16.43 8.53 8.02 34.00 17.23 16.77 10.20 5.63 5.631
P/OCF 3.29 2.64 3.96 2.84 2.63 1.67 2.35 4.48 4.07 8.98 9.99 6.98 8.11 5.70 5.89 14.16 9.87 10.41 6.33 3.91 3.914
EV/EBITDA 4.06 3.52 3.36 2.60 2.40 1.55 2.15 3.07 3.36 3.96 5.39 4.15 5.02 4.18 4.31 5.13 4.29 5.92 4.44 3.61 3.614
EV/Revenue 0.23 0.20 0.20 0.16 0.15 0.10 0.14 0.20 0.21 0.24 0.32 0.25 0.30 0.24 0.25 0.26 0.22 0.30 0.22 0.20 0.198
EV/EBIT 5.87 5.02 4.75 3.67 3.39 2.19 3.11 4.60 5.33 6.70 9.35 6.98 8.10 6.60 6.77 8.04 6.45 8.88 6.49 5.12 5.117
EV/FCF 5.18 3.91 7.02 4.06 4.02 2.26 3.79 10.18 8.09 -209.78 57.52 19.05 16.35 8.38 8.02 35.85 17.49 16.50 10.22 5.72 5.719
Earnings Yield 11.7% 13.6% 14.7% 17.5% 19.6% 27.7% 20.2% 12.8% 10.2% 7.6% 5.1% 7.2% 6.1% 7.6% 9.5% 8.2% 10.3% 7.2% 8.4% 11.8% 11.80%
FCF Yield 22.7% 29.3% 15.8% 24.1% 24.9% 40.2% 26.0% 9.8% 12.3% -0.5% 1.8% 5.4% 6.1% 11.7% 12.5% 2.9% 5.8% 6.0% 9.8% 17.8% 17.76%
EV/OCF snapshot only 3.975
EV/Gross Profit snapshot only 1.301
Acquirers Multiple snapshot only 5.165
Shareholder Yield snapshot only 7.28%
Graham Number snapshot only $1.24
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Current Ratio 0.87 0.88 0.90 0.89 0.88 0.91 0.90 0.88 0.88 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.85 0.86 0.87 0.93 0.95 0.96 0.96 0.95 0.948
Quick Ratio 0.61 0.60 0.65 0.63 0.61 0.64 0.64 0.63 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.61 0.58 0.58 0.59 0.67 0.67 0.71 0.71 0.66 0.664
Debt/Equity 1.35 1.37 1.17 0.77 0.74 0.95 0.92 0.78 0.81 0.84 0.71 0.71 0.78 0.72 0.73 0.94 0.71 0.71 0.76 0.68 0.675
Net Debt/Equity 0.55 0.44 0.32 -0.05 0.00 -0.13 -0.03 -0.02 -0.01 0.10 0.08 0.07 -0.02 -0.05 0.00 0.15 0.03 -0.05 0.01 0.03 0.033
Debt/Assets 0.14 0.13 0.12 0.09 0.09 0.11 0.12 0.11 0.12 0.11 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.09 0.09 0.13 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.09 0.090
Debt/EBITDA 1.52 1.40 1.25 0.88 0.87 1.10 1.14 1.07 1.19 1.29 1.23 1.14 1.12 1.07 1.08 1.65 1.28 1.29 1.35 1.13 1.133
Net Debt/EBITDA 0.61 0.45 0.34 -0.05 0.00 -0.15 -0.04 -0.02 -0.01 0.16 0.14 0.11 -0.03 -0.08 0.00 0.26 0.06 -0.10 0.01 0.06 0.055
Interest Coverage 6.53 7.16 8.17 8.96 8.97 7.24 5.54 5.09 3.67 3.07 2.95 2.71 2.84 3.01 3.03 2.86 3.31 3.44 3.90 4.69 4.687
Equity Multiplier 9.96 10.64 10.18 8.92 8.54 8.35 7.84 6.97 7.01 7.66 7.05 6.94 8.07 8.12 8.02 7.29 6.81 7.28 7.44 7.48 7.482
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.119
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 6.637
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.951
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.558
Defensive Interval snapshot only 985.9 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Asset Turnover 1.74 1.74 1.67 1.74 1.69 1.65 1.51 1.48 1.41 1.34 1.37 1.46 1.52 1.50 1.57 1.67 1.67 1.59 1.61 1.64 1.638
Inventory Turnover 8.30 8.07 8.25 8.12 7.13 6.87 6.87 7.01 6.50 6.26 6.73 7.20 7.21 6.87 7.21 7.95 7.43 7.17 7.31 7.16 7.163
Receivables Turnover 8.02 8.05 6.48 7.25 6.94 7.32 6.08 6.45 6.06 6.28 6.11 7.08 7.37 7.28 6.97 7.41 7.45 6.89 6.60 6.72 6.720
Payables Turnover 5.66 5.63 5.22 5.96 4.80 4.94 4.69 5.26 4.19 3.93 4.38 4.64 4.65 4.18 4.59 5.17 4.70 4.19 4.35 4.51 4.508
DSO 46 45 56 50 53 50 60 57 60 58 60 52 50 50 52 49 49 53 55 54 54.3 days
DIO 44 45 44 45 51 53 53 52 56 58 54 51 51 53 51 46 49 51 50 51 51.0 days
DPO 64 65 70 61 76 74 78 69 87 93 83 79 79 87 80 71 78 87 84 81 81.0 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 25 26 31 34 28 29 35 39 29 24 31 24 22 16 23 25 20 17 21 24 24.3 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 23.585
Operating Cycle snapshot only 105.3 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 16.922
Capital Intensity snapshot only 0.688
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Revenue 24.8% 28.8% 26.7% 17.9% 11.4% 4.7% -6.4% -13.5% -19.2% -22.1% -15.7% -8.2% 2.6% 13.8% 18.4% 21.5% 22.0% 19.5% 19.0% 20.1% 20.11%
Net Income 88.5% 86.8% 86.6% 67.6% 43.3% 28.7% 1.5% -20.8% -39.0% -53.7% -54.0% -37.1% -15.1% 21.5% 76.0% 37.0% 52.8% 37.2% -4.0% 37.9% 37.87%
EPS 76.0% 82.7% 85.4% 58.9% 47.4% 29.0% 2.2% -24.4% -38.8% -53.5% -54.0% -35.6% -15.5% 20.6% 75.5% 40.5% 44.7% 21.4% -15.6% 19.8% 19.84%
FCF 56.4% 1.9% -24.4% -0.6% -6.7% -13.4% 21.5% -56.2% -42.0% -1.0% -87.5% -38.1% -29.6% 30.0% 5.6% -34.5% -14.2% -26.6% -15.0% 4.8% 4.80%
EBITDA 44.0% 48.0% 46.7% 34.2% 22.3% 14.0% 2.6% -6.8% -16.6% -24.8% -24.5% -14.3% -4.9% 9.5% 15.5% -0.4% 7.4% 2.2% 5.4% 31.2% 31.20%
Op. Income 62.4% 65.6% 59.1% 41.3% 25.2% 15.0% -0.1% -13.4% -26.8% -38.3% -39.1% -24.8% -7.5% 15.5% 28.4% 7.9% 16.3% 8.9% 15.5% 47.1% 47.08%
OCF Growth snapshot only 2.47%
Asset Growth snapshot only 29.18%
Equity Growth snapshot only 25.83%
Debt Growth snapshot only -10.04%
Shares Change snapshot only 15.04%
Dividend Growth snapshot only -12.48%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Revenue 3Y 10.8% 11.5% 12.2% 12.0% 11.5% 11.0% 8.4% 6.9% 3.9% 1.7% -0.0% -2.2% -2.6% -2.4% -2.2% -1.2% 0.4% 1.9% 5.9% 10.2% 10.23%
Revenue 5Y 7.8% 9.3% 10.6% 10.7% 10.8% 10.2% 8.3% 6.4% 4.1% 2.5% 2.2% 2.2% 2.8% 3.9% 4.9% 6.4% 7.0% 7.4% 7.1% 6.4% 6.44%
EPS 3Y 3.5% 2.3% 45.3% 44.6% 40.9% 39.5% 33.1% 27.3% 16.7% 3.1% -4.5% -8.2% -8.6% -10.3% -6.2% -11.9% -9.2% -12.0% -12.0% 2.7% 2.71%
EPS 5Y — 11.2% 20.9% 27.3% 41.7% 42.6% — — 1.4% 83.5% 7.6% 8.0% 7.7% 8.7% 13.8% 13.3% 14.2% 9.9% 5.3% 5.4% 5.42%
Net Income 3Y 3.7% 2.4% 49.3% 46.2% 41.4% 40.0% 33.9% 30.8% 18.1% 3.6% -4.5% -5.9% -9.4% -10.2% -6.3% -12.0% -7.5% -8.3% -8.1% 5.9% 5.90%
Net Income 5Y — 15.1% 25.3% 30.5% 46.8% 47.6% — — 1.5% 86.6% 9.2% 9.2% 7.9% 9.1% 14.2% 14.0% 16.4% 13.2% 8.0% 9.5% 9.54%
EBITDA 3Y 40.6% 37.6% 34.7% 32.0% 28.1% 24.8% 21.2% 19.5% 13.7% 8.2% 4.4% 2.4% -1.0% -2.1% -3.6% -7.3% -5.2% -5.6% -2.8% 3.9% 3.86%
EBITDA 5Y 43.6% 17.7% 23.0% 25.0% 28.5% 35.1% 32.2% 29.8% 23.2% 17.4% 13.6% 13.0% 10.8% 9.9% 9.2% 7.8% 8.5% 7.2% 6.7% 7.0% 6.98%
Gross Profit 3Y 17.3% 18.9% 19.1% 17.8% 15.8% 13.5% 10.2% 7.9% 5.8% 4.2% 2.1% 0.1% -1.4% -2.8% -3.8% -3.2% -2.7% -1.3% 2.0% 6.4% 6.37%
Gross Profit 5Y 10.1% 11.6% 13.7% 14.6% 15.3% 15.0% 13.0% 10.9% 8.6% 7.2% 6.3% 5.9% 5.4% 4.9% 4.7% 5.5% 5.9% 6.4% 5.9% 5.3% 5.29%
Op. Income 3Y 63.1% 52.3% 43.5% 37.8% 32.5% 28.3% 24.3% 22.9% 14.2% 5.5% -1.1% -2.7% -5.3% -6.4% -7.9% -11.1% -7.6% -8.1% -3.3% 6.0% 6.04%
Op. Income 5Y 95.2% 20.3% 28.5% 35.6% 49.2% 60.7% 52.5% 47.2% 31.8% 20.2% 12.5% 11.2% 9.5% 8.5% 8.5% 8.5% 9.9% 8.1% 7.5% 7.9% 7.86%
FCF 3Y — — 54.4% 53.5% 1.5% 29.4% 88.3% -0.9% -5.4% — -51.4% -35.4% -27.5% -19.6% 0.1% -43.8% -29.5% -23.9% -11.1% 32.9% 32.95%
FCF 5Y — 53.5% 39.1% 16.2% 31.3% — — — — — -11.0% -0.4% 44.9% 5.4% 40.7% -17.0% -12.6% 2.0% -8.4% 0.5% 0.46%
OCF 3Y 1.9% — 39.0% 40.4% 59.4% 25.4% 45.7% 8.2% 4.6% -11.6% -21.1% -18.0% -16.8% -15.6% -5.0% -33.6% -26.3% -21.9% -11.6% 13.9% 13.86%
OCF 5Y 44.0% 29.4% 21.5% 14.0% 21.3% 68.1% 81.4% — 81.0% — 7.4% 6.4% 17.0% 3.5% 16.2% -11.6% -9.6% 1.1% -4.4% 2.5% 2.51%
Assets 3Y 8.9% 11.3% 13.4% 14.1% 10.9% 9.0% 6.0% 6.6% 4.2% 3.8% 0.7% 0.7% 0.0% 1.5% -0.7% -0.2% 1.5% 4.8% 8.0% 13.6% 13.64%
Assets 5Y 9.9% 9.5% 10.9% 10.4% 10.7% 8.4% 7.2% 6.4% 3.9% 4.9% 4.8% 5.3% 4.5% 5.9% 5.0% 6.6% 6.7% 7.3% 6.4% 8.5% 8.50%
Equity 3Y -2.2% -0.1% 2.4% 4.4% 4.7% 6.9% 6.3% 10.1% 7.7% 4.3% 12.9% 16.2% 7.3% 11.0% 7.5% 6.7% 9.5% 9.7% 9.9% 11.0% 10.96%
Book Value 3Y -6.2% -3.0% -0.3% 3.2% 4.3% 6.5% 5.7% 7.2% 6.3% 3.8% 13.0% 13.3% 8.3% 10.9% 7.7% 6.8% 7.5% 5.2% 5.2% 7.6% 7.63%
Dividend 3Y -4.4% -0.4% 0.8% 2.8% 3.3% 6.3% 4.8% 2.7% 4.5% -0.2% 0.4% -2.4% 1.2% 0.9% 1.5% 1.6% -0.6% -3.4% -4.1% -2.8% -2.78%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.78 0.79 0.85 0.87 0.90 0.90 0.85 0.72 0.49 0.31 0.23 0.15 0.10 0.10 0.15 0.25 0.33 0.41 0.56 0.52 0.520
Earnings Stability 0.83 0.41 0.67 0.72 0.87 0.90 0.95 0.86 0.68 0.49 0.29 0.28 0.17 0.09 0.13 0.07 0.08 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.017
Margin Stability 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.91 0.92 0.93 0.95 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.96 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.949
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 0.00 1.00 1.000
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Earnings Persistence 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.83 0.89 0.99 0.92 0.84 0.50 0.50 0.85 0.94 0.91 0.50 0.85 0.50 0.85 0.98 0.85 0.849
Earnings Smoothness 0.39 0.39 0.40 0.49 0.64 0.75 0.98 0.77 0.52 0.27 0.26 0.54 0.84 0.81 0.45 0.69 0.58 0.69 0.96 0.68 0.682
ROE Trend 0.19 0.22 0.20 0.15 0.13 0.10 0.02 -0.09 -0.14 -0.22 -0.23 -0.17 -0.10 -0.08 0.02 -0.01 0.02 0.03 -0.01 0.05 0.045
Gross Margin Trend 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.02 -0.02 -0.01 -0.01 -0.013
FCF Margin Trend 0.02 0.03 0.00 0.00 -0.00 0.01 -0.00 -0.02 -0.01 -0.05 -0.03 -0.02 -0.01 0.01 0.01 -0.01 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.024
Sustainable Growth Rate 24.1% 27.3% 33.0% 35.9% 34.4% 33.3% 27.1% 19.4% 13.0% 7.6% 5.3% 7.7% 9.4% 11.1% 16.7% 13.3% 17.6% 16.5% 13.7% 18.9% 18.91%
Internal Growth Rate 2.8% 3.1% 3.4% 3.9% 3.9% 3.7% 3.1% 2.5% 1.7% 1.0% 0.7% 1.1% 1.3% 1.4% 2.3% 1.9% 2.5% 2.2% 1.8% 2.6% 2.62%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 2.61 2.79 1.71 2.01 1.94 2.16 2.11 1.74 2.41 1.46 1.95 1.99 2.02 2.31 1.79 0.86 0.98 1.33 1.88 2.17 2.166
FCF/OCF 0.75 0.77 0.63 0.69 0.65 0.67 0.61 0.44 0.50 -0.04 0.18 0.38 0.49 0.67 0.73 0.42 0.57 0.62 0.62 0.70 0.695
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 1.506
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.909
CapEx/Revenue 1.5% 1.5% 1.7% 1.8% 1.9% 2.1% 2.4% 2.5% 2.6% 2.7% 2.5% 2.3% 1.9% 1.5% 1.1% 1.0% 1.0% 1.1% 1.3% 1.5% 1.52%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 0.944
Accruals Ratio -0.06 -0.08 -0.03 -0.05 -0.05 -0.06 -0.05 -0.03 -0.04 -0.01 -0.02 -0.03 -0.03 -0.04 -0.03 0.00 0.00 -0.01 -0.03 -0.04 -0.044
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.028
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 2.206
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 1.000
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Dividend Yield 3.5% 3.9% 3.9% 4.3% 4.6% 7.6% 6.1% 4.6% 4.7% 4.6% 3.4% 4.2% 3.3% 3.8% 3.8% 3.6% 3.8% 2.7% 3.5% 3.8% 1.23%
Dividend/Share $0.03 $0.04 $0.04 $0.04 $0.04 $0.04 $0.04 $0.04 $0.04 $0.04 $0.04 $0.04 $0.04 $0.05 $0.05 $0.05 $0.04 $0.04 $0.04 $0.04 $0.05
Payout Ratio 30.3% 29.0% 26.4% 24.4% 23.6% 27.4% 30.4% 36.1% 45.7% 59.8% 66.8% 57.7% 54.3% 50.6% 39.5% 44.0% 36.9% 37.7% 41.4% 32.2% 32.16%
FCF Payout Ratio 15.6% 13.5% 24.6% 17.7% 18.6% 18.9% 23.6% 47.5% 38.0% — 1.9% 77.0% 54.4% 32.7% 30.1% 1.2% 65.8% 45.5% 35.6% 21.4% 21.36%
Total Payout Ratio 68.7% 75.7% 67.1% 34.7% 33.6% 27.4% 30.4% 39.0% 49.4% 64.5% 72.1% 69.5% 66.3% 74.8% 63.3% 62.3% 57.6% 50.8% 69.1% 61.7% 61.73%
Div. Increase Streak 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Chowder Number 0.03 0.12 0.15 0.17 0.16 0.29 0.23 0.22 0.23 0.06 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.07 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.045
Buyback Yield 4.5% 6.3% 6.0% 1.8% 2.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.3% 0.9% 0.7% 1.8% 2.3% 1.5% 2.1% 0.9% 2.3% 3.5% 3.49%
Net Buyback Yield -2.3% -0.5% 0.2% -0.1% 1.3% -1.0% -1.2% 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% -0.1% 0.4% 0.4% 1.5% 1.5% 0.8% 1.4% 0.4% 2.3% 3.5% 3.49%
Total Shareholder Return 1.2% 3.4% 4.1% 4.1% 5.9% 6.6% 5.0% 4.6% 4.8% 4.7% 3.3% 4.6% 3.7% 5.3% 5.3% 4.4% 5.2% 3.1% 5.8% 7.3% 7.28%
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.69 0.69 0.71 0.73 0.74 0.76 0.75 0.75 0.76 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.76 0.96 0.93 0.92 0.90 0.70 0.72 0.716
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.84 0.86 0.88 0.89 0.90 0.88 0.85 0.79 0.72 0.67 0.63 0.66 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.72 0.72 0.78 0.83 0.830
EBIT Margin 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.039
Asset Turnover 1.74 1.74 1.67 1.74 1.69 1.65 1.51 1.48 1.41 1.34 1.37 1.46 1.52 1.50 1.57 1.67 1.67 1.59 1.61 1.64 1.638
Equity Multiplier 8.81 9.12 10.07 9.65 9.17 9.35 8.91 7.89 7.76 8.01 7.44 6.95 7.52 7.89 7.54 7.12 7.34 7.65 7.70 7.40 7.396
Per Share
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $0.11 $0.12 $0.14 $0.16 $0.16 $0.16 $0.15 $0.12 $0.10 $0.07 $0.07 $0.08 $0.08 $0.09 $0.12 $0.11 $0.12 $0.11 $0.10 $0.13 $0.13
Book Value/Share $0.30 $0.30 $0.34 $0.39 $0.40 $0.40 $0.41 $0.42 $0.42 $0.39 $0.43 $0.43 $0.38 $0.42 $0.43 $0.48 $0.49 $0.46 $0.47 $0.52 $0.69
Tangible Book/Share $-0.33 $-0.32 $-0.28 $-0.24 $-0.20 $-0.22 $-0.22 $-0.20 $-0.21 $-0.23 $-0.22 $-0.21 $-0.24 $-0.21 $-0.19 $-0.17 $-0.11 $-0.10 $-0.06 $-0.04 $-0.04
Revenue/Share $4.78 $5.15 $5.36 $5.64 $5.48 $5.41 $5.05 $4.66 $4.44 $4.23 $4.26 $4.38 $4.54 $4.78 $5.03 $5.45 $5.24 $5.05 $5.27 $5.69 $7.54
FCF/Share $0.21 $0.27 $0.15 $0.22 $0.20 $0.23 $0.19 $0.09 $0.12 $-0.00 $0.02 $0.06 $0.08 $0.14 $0.15 $0.04 $0.07 $0.09 $0.12 $0.20 $0.17
OCF/Share $0.28 $0.35 $0.24 $0.32 $0.31 $0.35 $0.31 $0.21 $0.23 $0.11 $0.13 $0.15 $0.17 $0.21 $0.21 $0.09 $0.12 $0.15 $0.19 $0.28 $0.27
Cash/Share $0.24 $0.28 $0.29 $0.32 $0.29 $0.43 $0.39 $0.33 $0.34 $0.29 $0.27 $0.27 $0.31 $0.32 $0.31 $0.38 $0.33 $0.35 $0.36 $0.34 $0.50
EBITDA/Share $0.27 $0.30 $0.32 $0.34 $0.34 $0.34 $0.33 $0.31 $0.28 $0.26 $0.25 $0.27 $0.27 $0.28 $0.29 $0.27 $0.27 $0.25 $0.27 $0.31 $0.31
Debt/Share $0.41 $0.42 $0.40 $0.30 $0.29 $0.38 $0.38 $0.33 $0.34 $0.33 $0.31 $0.30 $0.30 $0.30 $0.31 $0.45 $0.35 $0.33 $0.36 $0.35 $0.35
Net Debt/Share $0.16 $0.13 $0.11 $-0.02 $0.00 $-0.05 $-0.01 $-0.01 $-0.00 $0.04 $0.04 $0.03 $-0.01 $-0.02 $0.00 $0.07 $0.02 $-0.02 $0.00 $0.02 $0.02
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.971
Altman Z-Prime snapshot only 0.894
Piotroski F-Score 8 8 8 7 9 9 6 3 5 6 5 6 4 6 6 6 5 6 5 8 8
Beneish M-Score -2.53 -2.62 -2.39 -2.49 -2.57 -2.82 -3.00 -2.92 -3.03 -2.60 -2.52 -2.59 -2.63 -2.43 -2.41 -2.15 -1.80 -2.24 -2.21 -2.24 -2.239
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -6.460
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-0.64
EVA snapshot only $1786670709.99
Credit
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only A-
Credit Score 69.75 73.75 70.60 76.75 75.25 73.75 68.10 61.05 64.35 52.50 51.15 52.05 52.95 64.35 64.35 49.95 55.20 56.70 63.75 67.50 67.500
Credit Grade snapshot only 7
Credit Trend snapshot only 17.550
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 175.000

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