— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: OIZ.IR (DUB) · $vol 0M · OGN.L (LSE) · $vol 0M

ORENF OTC

Origin Enterprises plc
1W: +0.0% 1M: +0.0% 3M: +8.6% YTD: +14.5% 1Y: +12.3% 3Y: +72.5% 5Y: +59.5%
$5.28
+0.00 (+0.00%)
 
OTC · Basic Materials · Agricultural Inputs · Tech Score Neutral · Power 59 · $567.5M mcap · 100M float · 0.0037% daily turnover · Short 95% of daily vol

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

A
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
5
ROE
4
ROA
5
D/E
1
P/E
3
P/B
4
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. ORENF receives an overall rating of A. Strongest factors: DCF (5/5), ROE (4/5), ROA (5/5), P/B (4/5). Areas of concern: D/E (1/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-10-01 A- A
2026-09-11 B A-
2026-07-22 B- B
2026-07-18 B B-
2026-07-11 B- B
2026-07-09 B B-
2026-07-02 B- B
2026-06-29 None ADDED
2026-06-10 EXISTED None
2026-06-01 None ADDED

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ — Grade B
Profitability
36
Balance Sheet
60
Earnings Quality
83
Growth
40
Value
—
Momentum
71
Safety
—
Cash Flow
55

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
—
—
Piotroski F-Score
6/9
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✗
Beneish M-Score
-2.45
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-6.17
Bankruptcy prob: 0.2%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
BBB+
Score: 60.6/100
Trend: Deteriorating
Earnings Quality
100/100
OCF/NI: 1.36x
Accruals: -2.3%
The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. ORENF scores 6/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. ORENF's score of -2.45 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. ORENF's implied 0.2% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. ORENF receives an estimated rating of BBB+ (score: 60.6/100), with a deteriorating trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). ORENF's score of 100/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
9.08x
PEG
-0.65x
P/S
0.20x
P/B
0.90x
P/FCF
—
P/OCF
—
EV/EBITDA
—
EV/Revenue
—
EV/EBIT
—
EV/FCF
—
Earnings Yield
—
FCF Yield
—
Shareholder Yield
—
Graham Number
$9.03
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 9.1x earnings, ORENF trades at a deep value multiple. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $9.03 per share, suggesting a potential 71% margin of safety at the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.783
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.835
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.036
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
2.796
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
3.450
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
22.6%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. ORENF's ROE of 22.6% is driven by financial leverage (equity multiplier: 3.45x). Note: high leverage means ROE is amplified by debt rather than operational performance.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
15.00%
Fair P/E
38.50x
Intrinsic Value
$33.71
Price/Value
—
Margin of Safety
—
Premium
—
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with ORENF's realized 15.0% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. ORENF actually compounded EPS at 16.2% over three years; the model uses 15%, the highest rate it will extrapolate — of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it over the following seven years. ORENF trades at a premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $33.71, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 38.5x compares to the current market P/E of 9.1x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$5.28
Median 1Y
$5.06
5th Pctile
$2.92
95th Pctile
$8.77
Ann. Volatility
35.3%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
ROE 56.0% 36.3% 43.3% 33.6% 41.5% 34.6% 35.6% 22.6% 21.8% 16.4% 21.1% 33.0% 38.3% 33.9% 32.8% 22.6% 25.7% 22.3% 23.8% 22.6% 22.63%
ROA 14.5% 9.8% 11.9% 8.8% 11.4% 9.2% 9.9% 6.0% 6.0% 4.5% 5.8% 8.6% 10.4% 9.8% 9.5% 6.3% 7.4% 6.6% 7.1% 6.6% 6.56%
ROIC 29.5% 35.7% 27.4% 31.4% 22.0% 28.5% 18.4% 22.9% 17.0% 16.9% 18.1% 29.9% 25.0% 32.7% 20.6% 21.0% 16.5% 21.9% 16.8% 20.9% 20.86%
ROCE 26.9% 25.6% 24.9% 24.6% 20.8% 24.5% 18.8% 18.2% 16.5% 14.9% 16.4% 26.2% 28.0% 31.3% 23.3% 21.1% 16.8% 18.4% 17.4% 18.8% 18.78%
Gross Margin 12.6% 16.7% 12.9% 15.6% 12.7% 16.6% 12.8% 15.5% 13.4% 15.5% 14.6% 16.4% 12.7% 14.5% 16.2% 17.3% 17.1% 16.9% 15.9% 16.8% 16.76%
Operating Margin -0.1% 6.8% -0.1% 6.3% 0.7% 6.3% -1.3% 4.3% -0.5% 5.1% 1.1% 6.5% 1.3% 4.9% 0.6% 5.6% 2.7% 5.0% 1.1% 5.4% 5.42%
Net Margin -1.8% 5.8% -0.3% 5.7% 0.1% 4.8% -1.5% 3.0% -1.0% 4.1% 0.5% 5.1% 0.4% 3.7% -0.4% 3.7% 1.4% 3.2% -0.4% 4.0% 3.95%
EBITDA Margin 1.0% 7.4% 1.0% 6.9% 1.8% 6.8% 0.2% 5.0% 0.9% 5.7% 2.2% 7.4% 2.1% 5.5% 1.7% 6.2% 2.4% 6.1% 3.6% 7.2% 7.22%
FCF Margin 1.1% 0.8% 3.0% 1.9% 1.9% 2.5% 1.2% 3.1% 4.5% 3.6% 6.1% 4.2% 2.7% 4.6% 1.0% 1.8% 1.0% 0.8% 1.4% 2.3% 2.31%
OCF Margin 1.5% 1.4% 3.6% 2.6% 2.7% 3.2% 1.9% 3.8% 5.2% 4.2% 6.7% 4.7% 3.3% 5.3% 1.7% 2.8% 2.0% 1.7% 2.3% 3.2% 3.19%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 24.35%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 25.46%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 6.83%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 19.76%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 18.07%
Cash ROA snapshot only 8.35%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 21.86%
CROIC snapshot only 15.82%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 3.04%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 3.00%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 13.12%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.06%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
P/E Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 9.078
P/S Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.198
P/B Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.898
P/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
P/OCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBITDA — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/Revenue — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBIT — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Earnings Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
FCF Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Graham Number snapshot only $9.03
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
Current Ratio 1.40 1.24 1.40 1.20 1.40 1.18 1.49 1.25 1.35 1.18 1.24 1.14 1.20 1.05 1.42 1.16 1.46 1.24 1.45 1.25 1.245
Quick Ratio 0.87 0.97 0.82 0.91 0.86 0.91 0.89 0.95 0.84 0.88 0.71 0.72 0.61 0.75 0.78 0.84 0.87 0.91 0.89 0.88 0.884
Debt/Equity 0.98 0.68 0.99 0.56 1.06 0.54 1.18 0.85 1.01 0.63 0.66 0.49 0.70 0.40 0.95 0.64 0.98 0.73 1.01 0.70 0.696
Net Debt/Equity 0.67 0.11 0.66 0.12 0.79 0.22 0.98 0.30 0.66 0.17 0.27 0.01 0.49 0.03 0.72 0.33 0.83 0.33 0.86 0.31 0.313
Debt/Assets 0.27 0.18 0.28 0.15 0.29 0.14 0.32 0.22 0.28 0.18 0.18 0.13 0.19 0.12 0.29 0.18 0.30 0.21 0.30 0.20 0.202
Debt/EBITDA 1.50 1.28 1.67 1.20 1.99 1.13 2.30 1.93 2.38 1.96 1.81 1.02 1.19 0.74 1.65 1.41 2.23 1.67 2.04 1.49 1.491
Net Debt/EBITDA 1.03 0.21 1.11 0.25 1.47 0.46 1.91 0.68 1.56 0.52 0.75 0.03 0.83 0.06 1.25 0.73 1.88 0.75 1.73 0.67 0.671
Interest Coverage 8.99 8.69 8.48 7.80 6.88 6.13 5.47 4.24 5.33 7.14 17.08 — — — — — 13.72 7.01 4.32 3.26 3.262
Equity Multiplier 3.65 3.78 3.54 3.65 3.62 3.77 3.64 3.95 3.61 3.59 3.63 3.75 3.72 3.35 3.30 3.46 3.25 3.46 3.43 3.44 3.438
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.223
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 4.713
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.550
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.299
Defensive Interval snapshot only 479.4 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
Asset Turnover 3.56 2.88 3.45 2.72 3.33 2.87 3.34 2.78 2.96 2.49 2.84 2.91 3.75 3.59 3.69 3.09 3.11 2.92 3.14 2.80 2.796
Inventory Turnover 12.66 16.37 11.99 15.03 12.59 16.12 11.93 15.08 11.20 13.30 9.39 11.90 11.49 18.35 11.80 12.57 9.57 14.98 10.81 13.52 13.517
Receivables Turnover 14.66 8.67 12.86 7.48 11.86 7.70 12.84 8.26 11.09 7.06 10.77 9.80 14.25 11.58 14.79 9.94 11.44 9.37 11.41 8.35 8.345
Payables Turnover 8.12 5.82 7.60 5.10 7.72 5.75 7.92 5.62 6.76 5.09 5.74 5.83 7.20 7.35 7.31 5.59 6.25 5.45 7.15 4.80 4.797
DSO 25 42 28 49 31 47 28 44 33 52 34 37 26 32 25 37 32 39 32 44 43.7 days
DIO 29 22 30 24 29 23 31 24 33 27 39 31 32 20 31 29 38 24 34 27 27.0 days
DPO 45 63 48 72 47 63 46 65 54 72 64 63 51 50 50 65 58 67 51 76 76.1 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 9 2 11 2 13 7 13 3 11 7 9 5 7 2 6 0 12 -4 15 -5 -5.4 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 19.521
Operating Cycle snapshot only 70.7 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 23.536
Capital Intensity snapshot only 0.382
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
Revenue 19.8% 6.1% 9.3% 5.9% 9.3% 12.3% 10.0% 7.3% -1.1% -5.2% 2.2% 18.1% 41.4% 47.8% 35.7% 12.5% -9.9% -13.4% -13.1% -6.6% -6.64%
Net Income 70.1% -26.5% -17.5% -24.2% -8.0% 5.9% -5.4% -29.1% -41.3% -47.0% -29.4% 62.8% 92.9% 1.3% 70.4% -22.6% -22.8% -28.8% -23.9% 7.8% 7.82%
EPS 70.3% -27.3% -17.5% -24.5% -9.3% 6.5% -5.4% -30.8% -40.4% -49.1% -31.6% 73.4% 1.0% 1.5% 97.7% -19.8% -18.0% -25.4% -20.7% 12.9% 12.95%
FCF 1.8% -78.1% 2.0% 8.8% 95.7% 2.6% -55.4% 74.4% 1.4% 36.6% 4.2% 61.3% -15.9% 88.5% -78.6% -50.5% -66.3% -85.1% 24.8% 16.5% 16.46%
EBITDA 25.5% -10.9% -7.0% -2.8% 3.0% 9.7% 4.6% -11.0% -19.9% -29.3% -16.2% 41.3% 64.7% 90.6% 61.4% -5.9% -16.9% -16.9% -7.6% 18.8% 18.83%
Op. Income 36.5% -11.3% -2.8% -2.8% 1.7% 8.7% -1.1% -17.0% -25.8% -37.3% -20.9% 45.1% 73.5% 1.1% 70.3% -5.4% -10.6% -13.5% -8.8% 9.8% 9.76%
OCF Growth snapshot only 6.82%
Asset Growth snapshot only 14.39%
Equity Growth snapshot only 15.22%
Debt Growth snapshot only 25.94%
Shares Change snapshot only -4.54%
Dividend Growth snapshot only 3.38%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
Revenue 3Y — — — — — 82.1% 46.9% 19.5% 9.0% 4.2% 7.1% 10.3% 15.2% 16.3% 15.1% 12.6% 8.0% 6.6% 6.4% 7.5% 7.45%
Revenue 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 53.2% 34.5% 17.8% 10.6% 7.7% 7.7% 7.1% 7.12%
EPS 3Y — — — — — 1.6% 1.2% 0.1% -2.7% -26.7% -18.9% -3.2% 3.3% 11.1% 8.6% -1.3% -0.1% -1.3% 2.4% 16.2% 16.22%
EPS 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 87.4% 71.2% 6.9% 9.0% -5.7% -3.5% -3.9% -3.88%
Net Income 3Y — — — — — 1.5% 1.2% 1.1% -2.8% -25.5% -18.0% -4.4% 1.4% 8.2% 4.4% -3.7% -4.3% -5.2% -2.9% 10.8% 10.76%
Net Income 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 81.2% 65.0% 5.4% 6.5% -7.9% -6.5% -6.1% -6.10%
EBITDA 3Y — — — — — 69.7% 58.5% 5.2% 1.2% -11.6% -6.6% 6.9% 10.8% 13.9% 12.3% 5.8% 3.1% 3.8% 7.7% 16.5% 16.46%
EBITDA 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 45.8% 40.0% 9.1% 7.3% 1.8% 4.0% 6.5% 6.45%
Gross Profit 3Y — — — — — 1.0% 61.1% 21.4% 11.5% 2.2% 5.1% 11.2% 15.6% 15.9% 15.8% 13.1% 11.2% 11.4% 11.1% 11.9% 11.95%
Gross Profit 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 63.2% 42.4% 19.4% 13.7% 9.5% 9.1% 9.5% 9.46%
Op. Income 3Y — — — — — 79.2% 73.4% 3.7% 1.0% -15.5% -8.7% 5.4% 9.4% 12.5% 10.0% 4.4% 4.8% 4.3% 7.1% 14.6% 14.64%
Op. Income 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 49.8% 47.6% 8.9% 9.8% 1.8% 3.4% 4.0% 3.97%
FCF 3Y — — — — — 68.8% — 8.8% — 2.3% 90.6% 45.2% 57.4% 1.1% -20.8% 11.6% -12.4% -27.3% 11.6% -2.4% -2.42%
FCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 65.4% — 0.5% — -21.4% 13.1% 12.0% 12.00%
OCF 3Y — — — — — 63.9% — 8.6% — 1.8% 68.0% 39.0% 48.8% 81.9% -11.0% 14.9% -2.8% -12.8% 13.8% 1.4% 1.39%
OCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 59.0% — 4.6% — -11.0% 14.1% 13.7% 13.68%
Assets 3Y — — — — — 22.4% 19.1% 10.4% 10.6% 7.9% 14.3% 10.8% 15.7% 8.3% 11.0% 5.2% 6.1% 4.0% 6.7% 9.2% 9.19%
Assets 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 14.1% 13.1% 8.9% 10.0% 7.3% 9.2% 7.6% 7.59%
Equity 3Y — — — — — 16.2% 24.7% 11.7% 15.5% 8.5% 15.5% 13.0% 14.8% 12.7% 13.7% 7.0% 10.1% 7.0% 8.8% 14.3% 14.31%
Book Value 3Y — — — — — 19.9% 27.5% 10.6% 15.5% 6.8% 14.3% 14.3% 17.0% 15.8% 18.2% 9.7% 14.9% 11.5% 14.7% 20.0% 19.96%
Dividend 3Y — — — — — 0.7% 2.5% -0.7% -16.5% -17.8% -47.5% -30.3% -15.7% 3.5% 64.7% 31.3% 33.7% 9.3% 10.7% 4.5% 4.47%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
Revenue Stability — 0.80 0.85 0.86 0.97 0.76 0.80 0.84 0.82 0.65 0.95 0.91 0.72 0.89 0.93 0.99 0.80 0.64 0.72 0.85 0.849
Earnings Stability — 0.49 0.58 0.25 0.58 0.36 0.38 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.10 0.03 0.09 0.16 0.21 0.00 0.04 0.14 0.19 0.18 0.176
Margin Stability — 0.81 0.83 0.97 0.97 0.84 0.86 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.98 0.99 0.87 0.89 0.97 0.95 0.94 0.94 0.95 0.950
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.500
FCF Positive Streak 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Earnings Persistence — 0.89 0.93 0.90 0.97 0.98 0.98 0.88 0.83 0.81 0.88 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.91 0.91 0.88 0.90 0.97 0.969
Earnings Smoothness 0.48 0.69 0.81 0.72 0.92 0.94 0.94 0.66 0.48 0.39 0.65 0.52 0.37 0.23 0.48 0.75 0.74 0.66 0.73 0.92 0.925
ROE Trend — 0.10 0.11 -0.09 -0.07 -0.11 -0.16 -0.16 -0.22 -0.18 -0.17 0.02 0.06 0.08 0.06 -0.04 -0.04 -0.02 -0.03 -0.05 -0.048
Gross Margin Trend — 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 -0.00 -0.00 -0.00 0.00 -0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 -0.00 0.00 -0.00 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.015
FCF Margin Trend — -0.03 0.06 -0.01 0.02 0.00 -0.01 0.01 0.03 0.02 0.04 0.02 -0.01 0.02 -0.03 -0.02 -0.03 -0.03 -0.02 -0.01 -0.007
Sustainable Growth Rate 32.0% 16.4% 22.1% 16.3% 22.1% 17.9% 17.1% 6.0% 11.7% 7.7% 18.8% 28.2% 33.1% 25.8% 24.4% 13.6% 16.2% 13.6% 14.5% 14.4% 14.36%
Internal Growth Rate 9.0% 4.6% 6.5% 4.5% 6.5% 5.0% 5.0% 1.6% 3.3% 2.1% 5.5% 7.9% 9.9% 8.0% 7.6% 3.9% 4.9% 4.2% 4.5% 4.3% 4.34%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 0.38 0.41 1.05 0.81 0.78 1.00 0.64 1.77 2.53 2.36 3.29 1.60 1.19 1.93 0.65 1.37 0.82 0.78 1.04 1.36 1.358
FCF/OCF 0.69 0.57 0.82 0.72 0.70 0.78 0.63 0.81 0.88 0.85 0.91 0.89 0.82 0.87 0.58 0.66 0.51 0.45 0.59 0.72 0.724
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 0.983
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.615
CapEx/Revenue 0.5% 0.6% 0.6% 0.7% 0.8% 0.7% 0.7% 0.7% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 0.5% 0.6% 0.7% 0.7% 0.9% 1.0% 1.0% 0.9% 0.9% 0.88%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 0.551
Accruals Ratio 0.09 0.06 -0.01 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.04 -0.05 -0.09 -0.06 -0.13 -0.05 -0.02 -0.09 0.03 -0.02 0.01 0.01 -0.00 -0.02 -0.023
Sloan Accruals snapshot only 0.010
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 1.834
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 1.000
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
Dividend Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 4.44%
Dividend/Share $0.42 $0.45 $0.42 $0.41 $0.41 $0.42 $0.42 $0.41 $0.24 $0.23 $0.06 $0.14 $0.15 $0.27 $0.28 $0.31 $0.33 $0.33 $0.34 $0.32 $0.17
Payout Ratio 42.9% 54.8% 48.9% 51.5% 46.7% 48.2% 52.0% 73.2% 46.3% 52.9% 11.0% 14.7% 13.6% 24.0% 25.6% 39.9% 36.9% 39.0% 38.9% 36.6% 36.56%
FCF Payout Ratio 1.7% 2.4% 56.9% 88.1% 84.6% 61.5% 1.3% 50.9% 20.8% 26.3% 3.7% 10.3% 14.0% 14.2% 68.2% 43.9% 87.2% 1.1% 63.2% 37.2% 37.19%
Total Payout Ratio 42.9% 54.8% 48.9% 51.5% 46.7% 48.2% 52.0% 73.2% 46.3% 52.9% 11.0% 48.6% 55.1% 69.9% 78.2% 81.7% 64.1% 60.5% 55.5% 38.4% 38.43%
Div. Increase Streak 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0
Chowder Number — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Net Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total Shareholder Return — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.88 0.86 0.87 0.86 0.86 0.82 0.81 0.78 0.77 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.79 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.783
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 1.04 0.91 0.91 0.88 0.95 0.91 0.89 0.78 0.77 0.81 0.85 0.97 0.95 0.94 0.92 0.84 0.92 0.85 0.82 0.84 0.835
EBIT Margin 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.036
Asset Turnover 3.56 2.88 3.45 2.72 3.33 2.87 3.34 2.78 2.96 2.49 2.84 2.91 3.75 3.59 3.69 3.09 3.11 2.92 3.14 2.80 2.796
Equity Multiplier 3.86 3.72 3.64 3.80 3.63 3.78 3.59 3.79 3.62 3.68 3.63 3.84 3.67 3.46 3.46 3.61 3.47 3.41 3.37 3.45 3.450
Per Share
Metric Trend Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $0.98 $0.82 $0.86 $0.81 $0.89 $0.87 $0.81 $0.56 $0.53 $0.44 $0.56 $0.97 $1.08 $1.12 $1.10 $0.78 $0.88 $0.83 $0.87 $0.88 $0.88
Book Value/Share $1.91 $2.26 $2.07 $2.60 $2.39 $2.74 $2.51 $2.40 $2.43 $2.75 $2.84 $3.30 $3.06 $3.51 $3.41 $3.43 $3.62 $3.80 $3.79 $4.14 $4.35
Tangible Book/Share $0.41 $0.64 $0.35 $0.90 $0.15 $0.59 $0.33 $0.59 $0.57 $0.86 $0.90 $1.23 $0.90 $0.95 $0.69 $0.81 $0.74 $0.95 $0.85 $1.31 $1.31
Revenue/Share $23.99 $24.05 $24.92 $24.82 $25.85 $27.18 $27.42 $26.03 $25.94 $24.70 $27.17 $32.74 $38.82 $41.02 $42.77 $38.16 $37.12 $37.22 $38.78 $37.32 $19.67
FCF/Share $0.25 $0.19 $0.74 $0.47 $0.49 $0.68 $0.33 $0.80 $1.18 $0.89 $1.67 $1.38 $1.05 $1.89 $0.41 $0.71 $0.37 $0.29 $0.54 $0.86 $0.42
OCF/Share $0.37 $0.33 $0.90 $0.65 $0.70 $0.87 $0.52 $0.99 $1.34 $1.04 $1.83 $1.55 $1.28 $2.16 $0.71 $1.06 $0.73 $0.65 $0.90 $1.19 $0.62
Cash/Share $0.59 $1.28 $0.68 $1.16 $0.67 $0.89 $0.50 $1.32 $0.85 $1.28 $1.11 $1.58 $0.65 $1.29 $0.78 $1.06 $0.56 $1.52 $0.59 $1.59 $1.66
EBITDA/Share $1.25 $1.19 $1.23 $1.22 $1.27 $1.31 $1.28 $1.06 $1.04 $0.89 $1.04 $1.59 $1.81 $1.91 $1.95 $1.55 $1.59 $1.66 $1.88 $1.93 $1.93
Debt/Share $1.88 $1.53 $2.05 $1.46 $2.54 $1.49 $2.95 $2.05 $2.46 $1.74 $1.89 $1.62 $2.15 $1.41 $3.23 $2.18 $3.56 $2.77 $3.84 $2.88 $2.88
Net Debt/Share $1.29 $0.25 $1.36 $0.31 $1.87 $0.60 $2.45 $0.72 $1.61 $0.46 $0.78 $0.04 $1.50 $0.12 $2.45 $1.13 $3.00 $1.25 $3.25 $1.30 $1.30
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Piotroski F-Score 6 5 4 4 3 5 3 5 6 3 5 8 7 7 7 7 5 5 5 6 6
Beneish M-Score -1.52 -2.00 -2.48 -2.35 -2.07 -2.12 -1.99 -2.81 -3.05 -2.93 -2.94 -2.49 -1.88 -2.72 -2.46 -2.42 -2.40 -2.43 -2.06 -2.45 -2.454
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -6.170
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 36.58%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-1.23
EVA snapshot only $66537994.71
Credit
Metric Trend Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only BBB+
Credit Score 64.75 66.25 70.00 70.00 61.35 67.50 59.25 63.75 64.50 73.15 77.50 77.75 72.50 79.25 66.05 74.00 65.75 66.25 57.00 60.60 60.600
Credit Grade snapshot only 8
Credit Trend snapshot only -13.400
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 225.000

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