— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: 1913.HK (HKSE) · $vol 9M · PRDSY (OTC) · $vol 0M

PRDSF OTC

Prada S.p.A.
1W: +1.5% 1M: -7.3% 3M: -1.4% YTD: -14.8% 1Y: -14.8% 3Y: -10.7% 5Y: -4.4%
$4.82
+0.06 (+1.33%)
 
Weekly Expected Move ±6.7%
$4 $4 $5 $5 $5
OTC · Consumer Cyclical · Luxury Goods · Tech Score Sell · Power 42 · $12.3B mcap · 512M float · 0.0006% daily turnover · Short 68% of daily vol

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

A-
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
4
ROE
4
ROA
5
D/E
1
P/E
3
P/B
3
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. PRDSF receives an overall rating of A-. Strongest factors: DCF (4/5), ROE (4/5), ROA (5/5). Areas of concern: D/E (1/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-08-28 B+ A-
2026-08-20 A- B+
2026-08-13 B+ A-
2026-08-04 A- B+
2026-06-30 None ADDED
2026-06-30 EXISTED None
2026-06-01 None ADDED
2026-06-01 EXISTED None
2026-05-11 None ADDED
2026-05-11 EXISTED None

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ — Grade A+
Profitability
77
Balance Sheet
69
Earnings Quality
61
Growth
80
Value
—
Momentum
100
Safety
—
Cash Flow
73

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
—
—
Piotroski F-Score
7/9
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✓
Beneish M-Score
-2.70
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-8.68
Bankruptcy prob: 0.0%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
A
Score: 71.6/100
Trend: Improving
Earnings Quality
75/100
OCF/NI: 1.98x
Accruals: -17.3%
The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. PRDSF scores 7/9, signaling strong financial health across all three dimensions. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. PRDSF's score of -2.70 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. PRDSF's implied 0.0% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. PRDSF receives an estimated rating of A (score: 71.6/100), with a improving trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). PRDSF's score of 75/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
13.38x
PEG
-2.21x
P/S
1.75x
P/B
2.32x
P/FCF
—
P/OCF
—
EV/EBITDA
—
EV/Revenue
—
EV/EBIT
—
EV/FCF
—
Earnings Yield
—
FCF Yield
—
Shareholder Yield
—
Graham Number
$5.08
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 13.4x earnings, PRDSF trades at a reasonable valuation. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $5.08 per share, suggesting a potential 5% margin of safety at the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.710
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.896
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.220
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
1.255
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
2.191
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
38.5%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. PRDSF's ROE of 38.5% is driven by Asset Turnover (1.255), indicating efficient use of assets to generate revenue.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
15.00%
Fair P/E
38.50x
Intrinsic Value
$24.63
Price/Value
—
Margin of Safety
—
Premium
—
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with PRDSF's realized 15.0% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. PRDSF actually compounded EPS at 135.5% over three years; the model uses 15%, the highest rate it will extrapolate — of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it over the following seven years. PRDSF trades at a premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $24.63, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 38.5x compares to the current market P/E of 13.4x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$4.82
Median 1Y
$4.41
5th Pctile
$1.72
95th Pctile
$11.34
Ann. Volatility
56.5%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q4'15 Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
ROE 27.1% 25.7% 19.3% 18.2% 12.8% 13.6% 11.9% 4.5% 7.1% 5.0% 7.9% 17.3% 20.6% 26.8% 29.2% 36.6% 38.1% 41.0% 39.7% 38.5% 38.52%
ROA 18.1% 16.0% 12.5% 10.9% 8.1% 6.8% 6.1% 2.2% 3.6% 2.1% 3.4% 7.5% 9.4% 12.5% 14.0% 17.8% 18.8% 20.4% 18.1% 17.6% 17.58%
ROIC 26.4% 24.4% 20.3% 18.4% 12.8% 7.6% 2.6% -3.4% 0.4% 0.5% 6.7% 11.7% 24.9% 27.5% 25.2% 30.6% 23.4% 23.8% 22.5% 21.8% 21.78%
ROCE 29.3% 27.5% 21.7% 21.2% 16.1% 9.3% 8.1% 5.7% 8.4% 8.7% 11.3% 15.3% 13.9% 15.5% 14.2% 21.1% 26.5% 31.9% 29.6% 28.6% 28.58%
Gross Margin 70.5% 72.2% 71.6% 72.0% 72.0% 71.7% 72.1% 70.4% 72.9% 74.3% 76.8% 77.7% 38.6% 66.0% 1.6% 79.8% 79.9% 80.1% 80.5% 78.3% 78.34%
Operating Margin 13.4% 13.7% 13.4% 10.4% 10.3% 9.6% -9.1% -20.9% 14.5% 11.1% 17.4% 16.0% 1.0% 22.3% 22.9% 22.6% 24.4% 22.2% 24.1% 17.4% 17.39%
Net Margin 9.9% 9.1% 8.4% 6.9% 6.2% 9.9% 6.1% -19.2% 8.5% 6.5% 10.6% 9.9% 21.5% 13.7% 28.8% 15.0% 15.8% 14.1% 15.7% 10.7% 10.72%
EBITDA Margin 20.7% 21.0% 19.4% 17.5% 17.1% 16.5% 16.3% 3.2% 20.8% 17.7% 22.7% 21.5% -9.7% -3.1% 27.7% 26.9% 28.7% 27.6% 38.1% 33.1% 33.07%
FCF Margin 1.4% 3.6% 5.6% 10.1% 10.2% 10.7% 12.1% 12.9% 17.4% 22.1% 24.3% 25.0% 24.6% 16.9% 11.3% 15.4% 15.6% 17.9% 20.3% 17.9% 17.88%
OCF Margin 11.9% 12.7% 14.8% 19.0% 21.0% 22.9% 24.5% 23.1% 24.8% 27.7% 30.0% 30.5% 30.8% 22.3% 20.2% 24.2% 25.1% 28.9% 30.0% 27.8% 27.76%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 28.35%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 21.69%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 13.11%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 17.02%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 19.92%
Cash ROA snapshot only 29.81%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 38.68%
CROIC snapshot only 24.91%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 15.63%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 19.74%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 2.81%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 54.84%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q4'15 Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
P/E Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 13.379
P/S Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.746
P/B Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 2.316
P/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
P/OCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBITDA — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/Revenue — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBIT — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Earnings Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
FCF Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Graham Number snapshot only $5.08
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q4'15 Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Current Ratio 2.38 2.24 2.84 1.73 1.79 1.30 1.38 1.19 1.35 1.38 1.53 1.55 1.63 1.63 1.49 1.36 1.52 1.45 1.38 1.50 1.504
Quick Ratio 1.51 1.48 2.02 1.19 1.14 0.73 0.80 0.68 0.81 0.88 1.06 1.01 1.12 1.04 0.95 0.82 1.01 0.85 0.90 0.90 0.895
Debt/Equity 0.26 0.32 0.23 0.40 0.32 1.12 1.09 1.22 1.02 0.98 0.90 0.83 0.77 0.76 0.68 0.65 0.63 0.66 1.04 1.05 1.053
Net Debt/Equity 0.04 0.08 -0.01 0.08 0.11 1.01 0.95 1.02 0.86 0.77 0.58 0.58 0.45 0.54 0.50 0.48 0.40 0.52 0.77 0.83 0.830
Debt/Assets 0.17 0.20 0.15 0.23 0.19 0.47 0.46 0.49 0.44 0.43 0.40 0.38 0.36 0.37 0.34 0.33 0.33 0.34 0.44 0.44 0.443
Debt/EBITDA 0.47 0.58 0.51 0.95 0.99 3.83 4.05 4.78 3.32 3.23 2.72 2.22 3.45 6.09 7.20 3.02 1.56 1.07 1.42 1.29 1.291
Net Debt/EBITDA 0.07 0.16 -0.02 0.20 0.34 3.45 3.52 4.02 2.81 2.54 1.76 1.57 2.04 4.34 5.29 2.24 0.99 0.84 1.05 1.02 1.018
Interest Coverage 84.58 66.55 67.10 62.38 64.37 18.20 8.57 3.83 4.28 4.54 6.66 11.24 10.49 9.97 12.36 13.74 17.18 18.24 13.55 10.27 10.273
Equity Multiplier 1.54 1.62 1.51 1.72 1.63 2.37 2.37 2.50 2.31 2.27 2.23 2.16 2.12 2.06 1.97 1.97 1.94 1.97 2.37 2.38 2.375
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.543
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 14.922
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.211
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.433
Defensive Interval snapshot only 81.9 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q4'15 Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Asset Turnover 1.65 1.60 1.44 1.23 1.01 0.82 0.82 0.86 1.01 0.83 0.83 0.84 0.80 0.91 0.77 0.98 1.12 1.21 1.20 1.25 1.255
Inventory Turnover 3.50 3.48 3.25 2.41 2.02 2.06 2.17 2.09 2.44 2.32 2.18 1.95 2.50 3.03 1.37 1.62 1.38 1.09 2.40 2.37 2.365
Receivables Turnover 25.39 20.75 21.43 18.44 16.51 14.67 15.91 20.07 18.45 18.41 17.89 22.22 17.81 21.01 15.34 20.76 23.53 26.81 25.49 30.11 30.107
Payables Turnover 6.35 7.31 5.54 4.94 4.47 5.70 4.61 4.76 5.24 5.12 4.17 4.34 5.16 6.48 2.35 3.11 2.54 2.20 4.10 4.56 4.555
DSO 14 18 17 20 22 25 23 18 20 20 20 16 20 17 24 18 16 14 14 12 12.1 days
DIO 104 105 112 151 181 178 168 175 149 157 168 187 146 121 266 225 264 334 152 154 154.3 days
DPO 57 50 66 74 82 64 79 77 70 71 87 84 71 56 155 117 144 166 89 80 80.1 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 61 72 63 97 122 138 112 116 100 106 101 119 96 82 135 125 136 182 77 86 86.3 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 2.125
Operating Cycle snapshot only 166.4 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 11.458
Capital Intensity snapshot only 0.931
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q4'15 Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 1.3% 79.5% 30.6% -2.9% -33.4% -33.2% -29.2% -15.6% 18.8% 16.9% 20.7% 16.8% -1.9% 12.0% -2.7% 24.7% 60.5% 50.7% 97.6% 61.6% 61.57%
Net Income 52.1% 18.3% -21.1% -27.8% -51.3% -44.8% -39.0% -76.0% -47.1% -63.5% -33.0% 3.1% 2.2% 4.9% 3.2% 1.5% 1.3% 84.9% 65.8% 25.2% 25.20%
EPS 52.1% 18.3% -21.1% -27.8% -51.3% -44.8% -39.0% -76.0% -47.1% -63.5% -33.0% 3.1% 2.2% 4.9% 3.2% 1.5% 1.3% 84.9% 65.8% 25.2% 25.20%
FCF -84.7% -39.2% 10.7% 9.9% 4.0% 96.7% 53.6% 7.8% 1.0% 1.4% 1.4% 1.3% 39.0% -14.4% -54.6% -23.2% 1.8% 59.6% 2.5% 87.8% 87.84%
EBITDA 73.5% 32.1% -7.6% -24.4% -45.7% -46.4% -41.2% -40.8% -5.0% 3.2% 28.2% 72.3% -11.1% -49.9% -64.8% -29.7% 1.3% 5.0% 8.4% 3.4% 3.43%
Op. Income 55.5% 18.7% -21.5% -29.8% -48.9% -50.1% -81.4% -1.1% -96.6% -93.3% 2.1% 8.6% 92.0% 60.8% 3.2% 2.0% 10.3% -1.0% 20.6% -0.6% -0.57%
OCF Growth snapshot only 85.20%
Asset Growth snapshot only 40.59%
Equity Growth snapshot only 16.88%
Debt Growth snapshot only 89.21%
Shares Change snapshot only 0.00%
Dividend Growth snapshot only 83.44%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q4'15 Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3Y — — — — — 90.8% 48.0% 30.0% 22.0% 11.9% 3.7% -1.4% -8.1% -4.3% -5.9% 7.1% 23.2% 25.4% 32.4% 33.0% 33.00%
Revenue 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 55.5% 30.7% 26.2% 23.4% 18.8% 16.5% 14.0% 14.03%
EPS 3Y — — — — — 47.9% 13.7% -31.0% -26.8% -38.0% -31.4% -10.7% -5.9% 6.3% 20.1% 35.7% 57.9% 59.0% 67.6% 1.4% 1.36%
EPS 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 47.7% 33.1% 27.9% 23.9% 21.3% 17.8% 17.7% 17.74%
Net Income 3Y — — — — — 47.9% 13.7% -31.0% -26.8% -38.0% -31.4% -10.7% -5.9% 6.3% 20.1% 35.7% 57.9% 59.0% 67.6% 1.4% 1.36%
Net Income 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 47.7% 33.1% 27.9% 23.9% 21.3% 17.8% 17.7% 17.74%
EBITDA 3Y — — — — — 61.8% 20.4% -0.1% -3.6% -10.0% -11.4% -8.3% -22.9% -34.8% -35.7% -10.5% 25.1% 45.6% 61.9% 75.0% 75.04%
EBITDA 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 17.0% -4.7% 3.8% 13.0% 16.9% 18.2% 19.2% 19.16%
Gross Profit 3Y — — — — — 90.4% 47.5% 29.2% 21.0% 11.2% 4.2% -0.4% -9.9% -7.1% -1.5% 12.2% 31.4% 35.4% 37.2% 37.8% 37.80%
Gross Profit 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 52.6% 34.0% 29.2% 27.7% 23.6% 18.6% 16.1% 16.06%
Op. Income 3Y — — — — — 47.6% -23.4% — -70.1% -65.9% -22.8% -7.8% 17.1% 27.3% 35.3% 49.7% 51.4% 60.0% 1.5% — —
Op. Income 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 67.8% 43.0% 35.9% 22.5% 19.4% 18.6% 18.5% 18.54%
FCF 3Y — — — — — 39.1% 12.5% 7.3% 16.0% 42.4% 60.2% 2.0% 1.4% 59.6% 19.0% 23.1% 41.8% 48.8% 57.2% 48.2% 48.18%
FCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 40.9% 9.3% 16.4% 17.2% 31.6% 45.9% 1.1% 1.07%
OCF 3Y — — — — — 48.8% 15.7% -0.5% -2.8% 3.2% 11.5% 24.8% 26.0% 15.3% 4.4% 16.2% 30.8% 35.5% 41.7% 41.4% 41.45%
OCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 33.2% 8.5% 8.5% 7.8% 14.1% 21.7% 28.9% 28.87%
Assets 3Y — — — — — 29.8% 27.6% 24.6% 18.9% 15.6% 13.7% 13.2% 15.8% 15.5% 17.8% 17.5% 22.3% 6.6% 16.1% 16.8% 16.78%
Assets 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 18.1% 17.6% 17.0% 17.1% 14.5% 18.4% 17.8% 17.80%
Equity 3Y — — — — — 13.0% 8.5% 4.6% 1.8% 2.6% 1.2% 2.9% 4.2% 6.5% 7.8% 12.2% 15.2% 13.4% 16.1% 18.7% 18.74%
Book Value 3Y — — — — — 13.0% 8.5% 4.6% 1.8% 2.6% 1.2% 2.9% 4.2% 6.5% 7.8% 12.2% 15.2% 13.4% 16.1% 18.7% 18.74%
Dividend 3Y — — — — — -15.7% -15.0% -29.3% -31.3% -35.0% -36.2% 2.2% 5.3% 34.8% 37.0% 39.8% 40.0% 49.2% 51.2% 22.4% 22.41%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q4'15 Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue Stability — 1.00 0.95 0.71 0.16 0.56 0.45 0.34 0.16 0.05 0.00 0.20 0.26 0.51 0.47 0.81 0.84 0.80 0.49 0.51 0.508
Earnings Stability — 0.88 0.45 0.17 0.11 0.21 0.01 0.25 0.50 0.01 0.08 0.06 0.05 0.12 0.13 0.23 0.26 0.30 0.36 0.48 0.484
Margin Stability — 0.98 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.98 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.97 0.96 0.94 0.94 0.90 0.88 0.94 0.94 0.942
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.50 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.00 1.00 0.00 1.00 0.50 1.00 0.50 1.00 1.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.50 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Earnings Persistence — 0.93 0.92 0.89 0.50 0.82 0.84 0.50 0.81 0.50 0.87 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.90 0.899
Earnings Smoothness 0.59 0.83 0.76 0.68 0.31 0.42 0.52 0.00 0.38 0.07 0.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.13 0.21 0.40 0.50 0.78 0.776
ROE Trend — 0.10 0.01 -0.01 -0.09 -0.10 -0.10 -0.17 -0.12 -0.14 -0.08 0.04 0.09 0.15 0.17 0.23 0.21 0.23 0.19 0.11 0.111
Gross Margin Trend — -0.02 -0.01 -0.02 -0.01 -0.01 -0.00 -0.01 -0.00 0.01 0.02 0.04 -0.04 -0.07 0.09 0.09 0.17 0.21 0.02 0.01 0.010
FCF Margin Trend — -0.16 -0.12 -0.02 -0.01 0.04 0.06 0.07 0.12 0.15 0.15 0.13 0.11 0.00 -0.07 -0.04 -0.05 -0.02 0.02 -0.02 -0.023
Sustainable Growth Rate 7.6% 5.4% 0.8% 2.1% -3.1% 2.0% 0.4% -1.4% 1.7% 1.8% 5.0% 11.4% 15.0% 19.7% 22.6% 23.3% 25.6% 21.4% 21.0% 18.0% 17.96%
Internal Growth Rate 5.4% 3.5% 0.5% 1.3% — 1.0% 0.2% — 0.9% 0.8% 2.2% 5.2% 7.3% 10.1% 12.1% 12.7% 14.5% 11.9% 10.6% 8.9% 8.93%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q4'15 Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 1.09 1.27 1.70 2.14 2.62 2.78 3.28 9.14 6.95 10.73 7.23 3.44 2.62 1.63 1.12 1.34 1.49 1.72 1.98 1.98 1.981
FCF/OCF 0.11 0.29 0.38 0.53 0.49 0.47 0.50 0.56 0.70 0.80 0.81 0.82 0.80 0.76 0.56 0.64 0.62 0.62 0.68 0.64 0.644
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 1.276
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.868
CapEx/Revenue 10.6% 9.1% 9.2% 8.9% 10.7% 12.2% 12.4% 10.1% 7.4% 5.6% 5.7% 5.6% 6.1% 5.4% 8.9% 8.8% 9.4% 11.0% 9.8% 9.9% 9.88%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 0.991
Accruals Ratio -0.02 -0.04 -0.09 -0.12 -0.13 -0.12 -0.14 -0.18 -0.21 -0.21 -0.21 -0.18 -0.15 -0.08 -0.02 -0.06 -0.09 -0.15 -0.18 -0.17 -0.173
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.085
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 1.599
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 0.750
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q4'15 Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Dividend Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 4.10%
Dividend/Share $0.22 $0.22 $0.22 $0.18 $0.19 $0.13 $0.13 $0.06 $0.06 $0.04 $0.04 $0.07 $0.07 $0.09 $0.09 $0.19 $0.19 $0.30 $0.31 $0.34 $0.17
Payout Ratio 71.9% 78.9% 95.8% 88.6% 1.2% 85.6% 96.4% 1.3% 76.1% 64.5% 37.3% 33.9% 27.5% 26.6% 22.6% 36.4% 32.7% 47.7% 47.1% 53.4% 53.38%
FCF Payout Ratio 5.8% 2.2% 1.5% 77.8% 97.2% 65.9% 59.4% 25.5% 15.6% 7.5% 6.4% 12.0% 13.1% 21.5% 36.0% 42.8% 35.3% 44.8% 35.2% 41.8% 41.83%
Total Payout Ratio 71.9% 78.9% 95.8% 88.6% 1.2% 85.6% 96.4% 1.3% 76.1% 64.5% 37.3% 33.9% 27.5% 26.6% 22.6% 36.4% 32.7% 47.7% 47.1% 53.4% 53.38%
Div. Increase Streak 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1
Chowder Number — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Net Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total Shareholder Return — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q4'15 Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.71 0.71 0.70 0.72 0.67 0.82 0.93 1.65 1.10 0.72 0.65 0.69 0.67 0.67 0.81 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.71 0.71 0.710
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.94 0.94 0.96 0.95 0.96 0.90 0.82 0.25 0.41 0.44 0.59 0.86 1.19 1.40 1.44 1.28 1.04 0.92 0.91 0.90 0.896
EBIT Margin 0.16 0.15 0.13 0.13 0.12 0.11 0.10 0.06 0.08 0.08 0.11 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.16 0.18 0.20 0.23 0.23 0.22 0.220
Asset Turnover 1.65 1.60 1.44 1.23 1.01 0.82 0.82 0.86 1.01 0.83 0.83 0.84 0.80 0.91 0.77 0.98 1.12 1.21 1.20 1.25 1.255
Equity Multiplier 1.50 1.60 1.55 1.67 1.58 2.00 1.93 2.10 1.96 2.32 2.30 2.31 2.20 2.15 2.09 2.06 2.02 2.01 2.19 2.19 2.191
Per Share
Metric Trend Q4'15 Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $0.31 $0.28 $0.23 $0.20 $0.15 $0.15 $0.14 $0.05 $0.08 $0.06 $0.09 $0.20 $0.25 $0.33 $0.40 $0.51 $0.59 $0.62 $0.66 $0.64 $0.64
Book Value/Share $1.20 $1.13 $1.20 $1.08 $1.12 $1.13 $1.16 $1.07 $1.11 $1.13 $1.22 $1.26 $1.36 $1.37 $1.51 $1.53 $1.72 $1.65 $1.81 $1.79 $1.80
Tangible Book/Share $0.84 $0.77 $0.84 $0.72 $0.77 $0.81 $0.83 $0.74 $0.78 $0.80 $0.89 $0.94 $1.04 $0.84 $1.18 $1.20 $1.38 $1.30 $1.07 $1.05 $1.05
Revenue/Share $2.79 $2.79 $2.65 $2.30 $1.86 $1.86 $1.87 $1.94 $2.21 $2.18 $2.26 $2.27 $2.17 $2.44 $2.20 $2.83 $3.47 $3.68 $4.35 $4.57 $2.38
FCF/Share $0.04 $0.10 $0.15 $0.23 $0.19 $0.20 $0.23 $0.25 $0.38 $0.48 $0.55 $0.57 $0.53 $0.41 $0.25 $0.43 $0.54 $0.66 $0.88 $0.82 $0.43
OCF/Share $0.33 $0.36 $0.39 $0.44 $0.39 $0.43 $0.46 $0.45 $0.55 $0.60 $0.68 $0.69 $0.67 $0.55 $0.45 $0.68 $0.87 $1.06 $1.31 $1.27 $0.67
Cash/Share $0.27 $0.26 $0.28 $0.34 $0.23 $0.13 $0.16 $0.21 $0.17 $0.24 $0.38 $0.31 $0.43 $0.30 $0.27 $0.26 $0.40 $0.23 $0.49 $0.40 $0.40
EBITDA/Share $0.66 $0.62 $0.53 $0.46 $0.36 $0.33 $0.31 $0.27 $0.34 $0.34 $0.40 $0.47 $0.30 $0.17 $0.14 $0.33 $0.70 $1.02 $1.33 $1.46 $1.46
Debt/Share $0.31 $0.36 $0.27 $0.44 $0.36 $1.27 $1.27 $1.30 $1.13 $1.10 $1.09 $1.04 $1.04 $1.04 $1.02 $1.00 $1.09 $1.10 $1.88 $1.89 $1.89
Net Debt/Share $0.04 $0.10 $-0.01 $0.09 $0.12 $1.14 $1.10 $1.09 $0.95 $0.87 $0.71 $0.73 $0.62 $0.74 $0.75 $0.74 $0.69 $0.86 $1.39 $1.49 $1.49
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q4'15 Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Piotroski F-Score 7 7 7 4 5 4 5 4 5 8 8 9 7 8 7 8 8 8 6 7 7
Beneish M-Score -1.94 -2.80 -3.07 -2.80 -1.77 -2.93 -2.93 -3.40 -3.05 -3.65 -3.49 -2.83 -2.62 -2.48 -2.60 -1.78 -2.31 -3.13 -1.53 -2.70 -2.704
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -8.682
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 39.93%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-1.35
EVA snapshot only $988199792.30
Credit
Metric Trend Q4'15 Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only A
Credit Score 79.35 79.35 81.75 81.75 81.75 63.40 58.15 50.55 59.25 60.75 69.75 74.75 73.25 63.80 62.85 70.10 74.65 77.50 71.60 71.60 71.600
Credit Grade snapshot only 6
Credit Trend snapshot only 1.500
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 150.000

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