— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice

PRI NYSE

Primerica, Inc.
1W: -1.4% 1M: +0.5% 3M: -13.9% YTD: +7.6% 1Y: +5.0% 3Y: +39.7% 5Y: +75.7%
$277.55
+0.76 (+0.27%)
After Hours: $288.75 (+11.20, +4.04%)
Weekly Expected Move ±2.7%
$259 $267 $274 $282 $289
NYSE · Financial Services · Insurance - Life · Tech Score Neutral · Power 49 · $8.5B mcap · 31M float · 0.624% daily turnover · Short 61% of daily vol
Credit Risk of going bust: not rated, financial company (lending is its business) Bonds: $28.5M held by 47 funds, 72 bp over Treasuries → details ▾
Not rated: lending and leverage are a financial company's business, which the model misreads.
Bond figures are fund-reported marks (SEC N-PORT) as of Jul 2026. How these are computed.

Edge Score

Quantitative competitive moat analysis scoring five pillars of durable advantage — cost leadership, brand intangibles, switching costs, network effects, and efficient scale — using industry percentile rankings on a 0–100 scale.

NARROW EDGE
63.6 / 100
NoneWeakNarrowWide
Primary source: Efficient Scale  ·  ROIC: 31.1%  ·  5Y Avg: 18.0%
Cost Advantage
65
Intangibles
61
Switching Cost
68
Network Effect
52
Scale ★
70
The Edge Score quantifies a company's competitive moat using five pillars: Cost Advantage (20%, operating margin and SG&A efficiency vs industry peers), Intangible Assets (25%, gross margin premium, R&D intensity, brand pricing power), Switching Costs (25%, revenue stability, earnings consistency, customer retention proxied by operating leverage), Network Effects (15%, revenue growth with expanding margins, market share dominance), and Efficient Scale (15%, market concentration, ROIC sustainability). Each pillar is scored 0–100 using industry percentile rankings, then weighted into a composite. Wide ≥ 70, Narrow ≥ 55, Weak ≥ 40, None < 40. PRI has a Narrow competitive edge (63.6/100) — meaningful but not impregnable advantages over competitors. The primary source of advantage is Efficient Scale. ROIC of 31.1% confirms the company is generating returns well above its cost of capital — a hallmark of durable competitive advantages.

Analyst Insights

Wall Street analyst consensus based on price targets and buy/sell/hold recommendations from institutional research coverage over the trailing 12 months.

Analyst Price Targets
$316
Low
$318
Avg Target
$320
High
Based on 2 analysts since Aug 5, 2026 earnings
Analyst Recommendations
Strong Buy: 0Buy: 6Hold: 11Sell: 1Strong Sell: 0
Rating Summary
ConsensusHold
Avg Target$318.00
Analysts2
Price Target Change History
DateFirmAnalystOldNewChangeUpside @ CallStock@Call
2026-08-27 Truist Financial — $240 $320 +80 +6.3% $301.09
2026-08-24 Morgan Stanley — $291 $316 +25 +4.6% $301.99
2026-07-10 Jefferies — $239 $268 +29 -12.5% $306.20
2026-05-21 Morgan Stanley — $292 $291 -1 +3.9% $280.02
2025-12-15 Morgan Stanley Bob Huang $306 $292 -14 +12.8% $258.81
2025-10-07 Morgan Stanley — $150 $306 +156 +11.6% $274.26
2025-10-07 Piper Sandler — $313 $292 -21 +6.5% $274.26
2024-11-15 Piper Sandler John Barnidge Initiated $313 — +4.8% $298.65
2024-07-10 Jefferies Suneet Kamath Initiated $239 — +2.4% $233.35
2023-07-10 Truist Financial Mark Hughes Initiated $240 — +19.3% $201.24
2023-01-10 Morgan Stanley — $137 $150 +13 +2.6% $146.21
2022-11-17 Morgan Stanley — Initiated $137 — +0.5% $136.36

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

A-
Oct 27, 2026
DCF
4
ROE
5
ROA
5
D/E
3
P/E
3
P/B
1
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. PRI receives an overall rating of A-. Strongest factors: DCF (4/5), ROE (5/5), ROA (5/5). Areas of concern: P/B (1/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-10-22 A A-
2026-10-12 A- A
2026-08-07 B+ A-
2026-08-06 A- B+
2026-07-30 B+ A-
2026-07-25 A- B+
2026-05-08 B+ A-
2026-05-07 A- B+
2026-02-09 B+ A-
2026-02-04 A- B+

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 63 Grade A+
Profitability
82
Balance Sheet
65
Earnings Quality
86
Growth
60
Value
80
Momentum
81
Safety
100
Cash Flow
80
The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. PRI scores highest in Safety (100/100) and lowest in Growth (60/100). An overall grade of A+ places PRI among the highest-quality companies in its peer group.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman-I Score
6.41
Safe Zone
Piotroski F-Score
8/9
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✓ ✓
Beneish M-Score
-3.63
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-6.42
Bankruptcy prob: 0.2%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
AAA
Score: 96.9/100
Trend: Improving
Earnings Quality
100/100
OCF/NI: 1.12x
Accruals: -0.6%
The Altman-I Score is adapted for insurance companies, emphasizing return on equity, tangible net worth, and cash reserves alongside the standard equity and earnings components. PRI scores 6.41, placing it in the Safe Zone (safe > 3.0, distress < 1.5). Bankruptcy is statistically unlikely within the next two years. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. PRI scores 8/9, signaling strong financial health across all three dimensions. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. PRI's score of -3.63 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. PRI's implied 0.2% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. PRI receives an estimated rating of AAA (score: 96.9/100), with a improving trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). PRI's score of 100/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
11.12x
PEG
0.48x
P/S
2.51x
P/B
3.43x
P/FCF
10.33x
P/OCF
9.96x
EV/EBITDA
8.35x
EV/Revenue
2.62x
EV/EBIT
8.49x
EV/FCF
10.37x
Earnings Yield
8.97%
FCF Yield
9.68%
Shareholder Yield
6.89%
Graham Number
$215.22
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 11.1x earnings, PRI trades at a reasonable valuation. An earnings yield of 9.0% exceeds typical risk-free rates, suggesting equities are being compensated for risk. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $215.22 per share, 29% below the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.776
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.977
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.309
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.230
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
6.130
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
33.0%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. PRI's ROE of 33.0% is driven by financial leverage (equity multiplier: 6.13x). Note: high leverage means ROE is amplified by debt rather than operational performance.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
15.00%
Fair P/E
38.50x
Intrinsic Value
$981.34
Price/Value
0.29x
Margin of Safety
71.04%
Premium
-71.04%
Assessment
Neutral
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with PRI's realized 15.0% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. PRI actually compounded EPS at 24.1% over three years; the model uses 15%, the highest rate it will extrapolate — of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it over the following seven years. PRI trades at a -71% premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $981.34, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 38.5x compares to the current market P/E of 11.1x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$277.77
Median 1Y
$301.85
5th Pctile
$187.42
95th Pctile
$486.16
Ann. Volatility
31.2%
Analyst Target
$318.00
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical Analyst target

Executive Compensation

C-suite compensation breakdown including salary, stock awards, options, and incentive pay. The CEO-to-employee pay ratio and Gini coefficient measure pay distribution fairness.

C-Suite Compensation

ExecutiveSalaryStockTotal
Glenn J. Williams
Chief Executive Officer
$750,000 $2,749,907 $5,638,658
Peter W. Schneider
President
$600,000 $1,899,760 $4,028,346
Tracy X. Tan
EVP and Chief Financial Officer
$575,000 $1,199,639 $2,581,705

CEO Pay Ratio

17:1
CEO-to-Employee Pay Ratio
CEO Total Comp: $5,638,658
Avg Employee Cost (SGA/emp): $335,470
Employees: 2,833

C-Suite Pay Equality (Gini)

CEO Compensation Mix

Workforce & Productivity

Workforce efficiency metrics measuring revenue, profit, and R&D spend per employee — key indicators of operational leverage and human capital productivity.

Employees
2,833
-1.4% YoY
Revenue / Employee
$1,138,759
Rev: $3,226,103,000
Profit / Employee
$265,173
NI: $751,234,000
SGA / Employee
$335,470
Avg labor cost proxy

Scaling Efficiency

All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
ROE 23.0% 19.1% 20.5% 20.6% 19.2% 22.1% 24.3% 25.5% 28.3% 28.1% 28.6% 21.4% 21.4% 21.8% 22.6% 30.7% 34.0% 31.9% 32.3% 33.0% 32.97%
ROA 2.9% 2.4% 2.5% 2.5% 2.3% 3.0% 3.0% 3.2% 3.8% 3.9% 3.9% 3.0% 3.1% 3.2% 3.4% 4.6% 4.9% 5.1% 5.3% 5.4% 5.38%
ROIC 40.4% 39.5% 45.1% 43.8% 44.1% 42.4% 53.2% 18.3% 19.0% 23.4% 23.3% 26.3% 1.8% 28.5% 30.1% 28.2% 29.7% 3.1% 33.1% 31.1% 31.10%
ROCE 3.8% 3.4% 3.5% 3.6% 3.5% 4.3% 4.4% 4.6% 5.2% 5.2% 5.4% 6.1% 6.6% 6.8% 6.8% 6.4% 6.6% 7.0% 7.3% 7.3% 7.35%
Gross Margin 33.8% 32.8% 34.6% 37.3% 38.9% 37.1% 38.1% 40.5% 40.7% 39.7% 39.9% 45.4% 44.5% 39.4% 40.5% 41.6% 43.5% 80.8% 80.9% 83.0% 82.97%
Operating Margin 21.2% 9.2% 21.1% 24.4% 18.0% 24.4% 24.2% 27.4% 29.6% 27.1% 26.3% 34.5% 32.9% 27.7% 27.5% 29.6% 32.4% 29.5% 29.1% 29.8% 29.85%
Net Margin 16.2% 4.8% 16.6% 19.1% 11.8% 19.2% 18.6% 21.0% 21.8% 20.9% 18.7% 0.1% 21.2% 21.2% 21.0% 22.5% 24.6% 23.5% 22.2% 23.4% 23.38%
EBITDA Margin 23.6% 11.8% 23.4% 26.7% 20.2% 26.6% 26.4% 29.7% 31.6% 29.0% 28.2% 36.2% 34.3% 29.0% 28.8% 31.0% 33.6% 30.8% 30.2% 31.0% 30.99%
FCF Margin 25.1% 23.3% 26.4% 26.6% 27.1% 26.9% 25.5% 24.2% 23.2% 23.5% 24.3% 24.7% 25.9% 27.0% 25.9% 25.6% 25.8% 27.2% 25.6% 25.3% 25.28%
OCF Margin 26.1% 24.2% 27.2% 27.6% 28.0% 27.9% 26.5% 25.0% 23.8% 24.7% 25.5% 25.9% 27.5% 27.9% 26.9% 26.5% 25.8% 27.5% 25.9% 26.2% 26.23%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 27.29%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 25.57%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 4.34%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 18.57%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 25.70%
Cash ROA snapshot only 6.03%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 34.83%
CROIC snapshot only 33.57%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 23.42%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 30.19%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 14.61%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.73%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
P/E Ratio 13.07 15.37 13.05 11.23 12.39 11.10 13.05 14.32 12.10 12.21 14.69 17.96 19.37 19.42 18.69 13.16 12.44 11.02 10.29 11.15 11.119
P/S Ratio 2.22 2.12 1.84 1.58 1.61 1.85 2.24 2.53 2.44 2.51 3.03 2.70 2.91 2.96 2.97 2.83 2.78 2.53 2.39 2.61 2.510
P/B Ratio 2.73 2.76 2.65 2.47 2.73 2.48 3.18 3.44 2.91 3.41 3.94 3.75 4.53 4.05 4.16 3.87 3.91 3.38 3.15 3.52 3.429
P/FCF 8.85 9.08 6.99 5.93 5.93 6.89 8.80 10.45 10.48 10.69 12.43 10.92 11.23 10.97 11.45 11.04 10.80 9.27 9.33 10.33 10.327
P/OCF 8.50 8.74 6.78 5.72 5.73 6.66 8.48 10.12 10.24 10.17 11.84 10.40 10.60 10.60 11.05 10.66 10.76 9.18 9.24 9.96 9.955
EV/EBITDA 7.48 8.04 6.80 5.92 6.42 6.18 7.44 10.72 9.33 9.13 10.69 9.05 7.49 9.53 9.46 9.41 9.21 5.97 7.43 8.35 8.354
EV/Revenue 1.83 1.70 1.46 1.25 1.31 1.50 1.86 2.76 2.67 2.66 3.16 2.84 2.40 3.05 3.03 2.89 2.82 1.85 2.33 2.62 2.622
EV/EBIT 7.79 8.49 7.21 6.31 6.86 6.52 7.83 11.27 9.75 9.50 11.10 9.35 7.69 9.76 9.66 9.59 9.39 6.08 7.56 8.49 8.490
EV/FCF 7.28 7.27 5.52 4.71 4.83 5.56 7.29 11.41 11.48 11.34 13.01 11.49 9.24 11.30 11.70 11.30 10.96 6.81 9.12 10.37 10.371
Earnings Yield 7.6% 6.5% 7.7% 8.9% 8.1% 9.0% 7.7% 7.0% 8.3% 8.2% 6.8% 5.6% 5.2% 5.1% 5.4% 7.6% 8.0% 9.1% 9.7% 9.0% 8.97%
FCF Yield 11.3% 11.0% 14.3% 16.9% 16.8% 14.5% 11.4% 9.6% 9.5% 9.4% 8.0% 9.2% 8.9% 9.1% 8.7% 9.1% 9.3% 10.8% 10.7% 9.7% 9.68%
PEG Ratio snapshot only 0.484
Price/Tangible Book snapshot only 3.583
EV/OCF snapshot only 9.997
EV/Gross Profit snapshot only 3.635
Acquirers Multiple snapshot only 8.686
Shareholder Yield snapshot only 6.89%
Graham Number snapshot only $215.22
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Current Ratio — — — — — — — — — 71.34 — — 13.24 9.64 — — 0.00 5.41 7.42 6.84 6.844
Quick Ratio — — — — — — — — — 296.45 — — 13.24 9.64 — — 0.00 5.41 7.42 6.84 6.844
Debt/Equity 0.93 0.98 1.06 1.16 1.28 1.03 1.09 1.04 0.90 0.99 0.93 0.95 1.02 0.86 0.86 0.83 0.82 0.74 0.70 0.25 0.255
Net Debt/Equity -0.48 -0.55 -0.55 -0.51 -0.51 -0.48 -0.55 0.32 0.28 0.21 0.18 0.20 -0.80 0.12 0.09 0.09 0.06 -0.90 -0.07 0.01 0.015
Debt/Assets 0.12 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.12 0.12 0.04 0.043
Debt/EBITDA 3.09 3.57 3.45 3.50 3.70 3.16 3.09 2.96 2.62 2.50 2.41 2.17 2.04 1.98 1.91 1.96 1.91 1.79 1.70 0.60 0.602
Net Debt/EBITDA -1.61 -2.00 -1.80 -1.53 -1.46 -1.47 -1.54 0.90 0.81 0.52 0.47 0.45 -1.61 0.27 0.20 0.21 0.14 -2.16 -0.18 0.04 0.035
Interest Coverage 20.85 17.69 18.44 18.40 17.95 22.93 23.84 24.92 28.25 29.55 30.45 34.33 36.92 38.52 40.86 24.57 18.25 18.82 19.40 27.54 27.543
Equity Multiplier 7.54 7.74 8.27 8.63 9.29 7.21 7.70 7.32 6.24 7.27 6.82 6.86 7.61 6.45 6.47 6.43 6.47 6.14 5.82 5.86 5.859
Cash Ratio snapshot only 1.237
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 27.993
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.942
FCF to Debt snapshot only 1.338
Defensive Interval snapshot only 229.5 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.17 0.17 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.20 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.23 0.23 0.230
Inventory Turnover — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Receivables Turnover 0.57 0.60 0.61 0.63 0.62 0.68 0.69 0.71 0.73 0.83 0.86 0.91 0.99 0.98 1.02 1.03 1.12 1.98 1.15 2.07 2.067
Payables Turnover 3.31 3.23 3.28 3.81 3.36 3.05 3.15 3.44 3.46 3.21 3.35 3.54 3.58 3.55 3.59 3.75 3.89 3.21 2.57 1.90 1.901
DSO 640 610 601 580 586 536 532 511 498 440 426 401 369 373 359 353 326 184 316 177 176.6 days
DIO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -552 0 0 0 -523 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 days
DPO 110 113 111 96 109 120 116 106 105 114 109 103 102 103 102 97 94 114 142 192 192.0 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 530 497 490 485 477 416 416 405 393 -226 317 298 267 -252 257 256 233 70 174 -15 -15.4 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 85.648
Cash Velocity snapshot only 5.619
Capital Intensity snapshot only 4.348
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 20.1% 22.2% 18.6% 12.9% 6.7% 0.4% -1.6% -1.4% 0.2% 3.0% 4.8% 7.7% 9.6% 10.2% 10.9% 7.1% 6.6% 6.1% 5.4% 7.6% 7.58%
Net Income 15.5% -3.3% -5.1% -10.9% -18.5% 21.7% 19.7% 24.0% 55.7% 26.9% 25.4% -8.5% -18.2% -18.4% -14.5% 53.2% 58.4% 59.7% 53.9% 17.3% 17.29%
EPS 15.6% -3.6% -4.5% -8.3% -13.9% 30.3% 27.9% 31.6% 63.2% 33.6% 32.1% -3.4% -13.5% -16.0% -10.4% 60.1% 65.4% 70.5% 61.8% 23.6% 23.58%
FCF 19.9% 2.7% 20.9% 27.2% 15.1% 15.8% -5.0% -10.3% -13.9% -10.0% -0.0% 9.9% 22.3% 26.5% 18.2% 11.0% 5.8% 7.2% 4.0% 6.2% 6.25%
EBITDA 16.0% 3.3% 0.6% -5.9% -11.0% 15.3% 14.8% 19.9% 40.7% 24.1% 24.0% 31.0% 22.7% 20.8% 20.1% 5.1% 2.0% 3.0% 3.2% 9.8% 9.79%
Op. Income 15.9% 0.9% -2.2% -9.3% -13.9% 16.9% 17.0% 23.4% 47.1% 27.1% 27.0% 34.9% 25.8% 23.7% 23.1% 6.8% 3.1% 3.8% 3.7% 10.5% 10.49%
OCF Growth snapshot only 6.42%
Asset Growth snapshot only -0.32%
Equity Growth snapshot only 9.34%
Debt Growth snapshot only -66.28%
Shares Change snapshot only -5.09%
Dividend Growth snapshot only 15.95%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3Y 11.7% 12.6% 12.6% 12.1% 11.2% 9.8% 9.3% 9.2% 8.7% 8.1% 6.9% 6.3% 5.4% 4.5% 4.6% 4.4% 5.4% 6.4% 7.0% 7.5% 7.48%
Revenue 5Y 11.8% 12.3% 12.1% 11.7% 10.9% 10.0% 9.3% 8.8% 8.3% 8.1% 8.0% 8.4% 8.6% 8.5% 8.7% 8.5% 8.4% 8.1% 7.4% 6.7% 6.69%
EPS 3Y 6.1% 8.1% 8.3% 7.6% 3.9% 11.8% 13.4% 13.9% 17.6% 18.8% 17.3% 5.3% 6.7% 13.5% 14.9% 26.7% 32.7% 24.2% 24.2% 24.1% 24.10%
EPS 5Y 20.0% 15.0% 15.5% 15.4% 12.8% 9.6% 9.5% 8.9% 10.9% 17.1% 16.5% 9.6% 9.6% 9.4% 11.6% 18.0% 18.4% 19.2% 18.5% 18.2% 18.19%
Net Income 3Y 2.8% 5.0% 5.2% 4.1% -0.0% 7.6% 9.2% 10.0% 13.6% 14.3% 12.5% 0.4% 1.3% 8.0% 8.7% 20.3% 26.4% 18.2% 18.2% 18.0% 18.05%
Net Income 5Y 16.0% 11.4% 11.7% 11.3% 8.6% 5.5% 5.3% 4.7% 6.6% 12.3% 11.8% 5.0% 5.0% 5.2% 6.9% 13.3% 13.7% 14.2% 13.4% 12.7% 12.69%
EBITDA 3Y -22.0% -24.5% -24.6% -25.5% -27.4% -23.5% -16.4% -6.2% 13.3% 13.9% 12.7% 13.9% 15.4% 20.0% 19.6% 18.2% 20.8% 15.6% 15.4% 14.8% 14.78%
EBITDA 5Y 3.1% 0.3% -6.0% -11.2% -13.7% -11.3% -11.3% -11.3% -9.9% -9.3% -9.4% -8.3% -7.9% -7.7% -2.7% 2.6% 12.7% 13.0% 12.2% 11.3% 11.28%
Gross Profit 3Y -31.3% -31.8% -31.3% -31.4% -31.1% -13.1% -6.8% 1.2% 12.0% 12.6% 11.7% 12.2% 13.1% 12.3% 12.0% 10.9% 10.5% 19.1% 26.1% 32.3% 32.33%
Gross Profit 5Y -16.8% -16.9% -16.6% -16.7% -16.6% -17.3% -17.2% -17.0% -17.0% -17.5% -17.2% -16.3% -15.7% -3.1% 1.0% 5.1% 11.6% 16.8% 20.2% 23.1% 23.11%
Op. Income 3Y -5.4% -7.9% -7.7% -8.7% -10.9% 6.2% 8.5% 10.1% 13.6% 14.4% 13.3% 14.7% 16.8% 22.5% 22.3% 21.2% 24.0% 17.7% 17.5% 16.8% 16.78%
Op. Income 5Y 4.5% 0.8% 1.3% 0.8% -0.6% -1.5% -1.0% -0.7% 1.4% 3.0% 3.1% 4.8% 5.5% 13.5% 14.9% 14.0% 13.7% 14.0% 13.2% 12.3% 12.25%
FCF 3Y 12.0% 10.8% 15.0% 15.8% 14.9% 16.7% 9.9% 4.1% 5.9% 2.3% 4.7% 7.8% 6.6% 9.6% 3.9% 3.0% 3.7% 6.8% 7.1% 9.0% 9.03%
FCF 5Y 19.1% 17.8% 19.4% 19.9% 17.9% 13.5% 12.6% 8.9% 6.9% 7.2% 7.6% 8.9% 9.8% 12.6% 9.4% 6.6% 9.0% 7.7% 7.1% 8.1% 8.13%
OCF 3Y 13.3% 11.2% 14.7% 15.4% 14.6% 16.0% 9.3% 3.5% 5.0% 2.5% 4.8% 8.3% 7.3% 9.5% 4.1% 3.0% 2.5% 6.0% 6.2% 9.2% 9.20%
OCF 5Y 19.0% 17.6% 19.4% 20.0% 18.1% 14.3% 13.5% 9.6% 7.2% 7.7% 7.9% 8.9% 10.1% 12.2% 9.0% 6.3% 8.0% 7.0% 6.4% 8.2% 8.18%
Assets 3Y 7.6% 8.6% 6.8% 4.8% 3.8% 2.3% 3.7% 1.8% 0.3% 0.3% -0.5% -2.1% -2.2% -3.3% -2.9% -1.1% -0.4% 0.8% -0.3% 0.1% 0.07%
Assets 5Y 6.8% 7.1% 6.4% 5.1% 4.3% 3.3% 3.4% 3.4% 2.6% 3.6% 2.7% 1.8% 1.9% 1.3% 1.9% 1.2% 0.8% 0.1% -0.6% -1.0% -0.97%
Equity 3Y 13.3% 12.5% 8.2% 3.8% 0.3% 7.1% 7.9% 7.1% 10.4% 4.0% 5.2% 1.7% -2.5% 2.7% 5.4% 9.1% 12.3% 6.4% 9.5% 7.8% 7.77%
Book Value 3Y 16.9% 15.9% 11.4% 7.4% 4.2% 11.3% 12.1% 10.8% 14.2% 8.1% 9.7% 6.6% 2.8% 8.0% 11.4% 15.0% 17.9% 11.7% 15.0% 13.3% 13.30%
Dividend 3Y 8.0% 8.2% 8.5% 8.7% 8.6% 8.0% 7.5% 7.0% 7.2% 7.9% 8.1% 8.6% 10.6% 11.8% 14.2% 15.6% 13.4% 11.8% 10.1% 8.5% 8.54%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.95 0.94 0.95 0.97 0.97 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.93 0.90 0.91 0.93 0.94 0.91 0.90 0.92 0.96 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.986
Earnings Stability 0.77 0.66 0.67 0.55 0.32 0.71 0.71 0.54 0.34 0.81 0.83 0.65 0.43 0.61 0.71 0.64 0.60 0.71 0.73 0.75 0.750
Margin Stability 0.40 0.34 0.31 0.27 0.23 0.23 0.22 0.19 0.15 0.13 0.14 0.16 0.17 0.64 0.76 0.88 0.92 0.84 0.75 0.67 0.674
Rev. Growth Consistency 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.000
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Earnings Persistence 0.94 0.99 0.98 0.96 0.93 0.91 0.92 0.90 0.50 0.89 0.90 0.97 0.93 0.93 0.94 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.93 0.931
Earnings Smoothness 0.86 0.97 0.95 0.88 0.80 0.80 0.82 0.79 0.56 0.76 0.77 0.91 0.80 0.80 0.84 0.58 0.55 0.54 0.58 0.84 0.841
ROE Trend -0.01 -0.04 -0.02 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.08 0.05 -0.02 0.00 -0.04 -0.03 0.07 0.08 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.064
Gross Margin Trend -0.59 -0.21 -0.14 -0.07 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.11 0.21 0.31 0.306
FCF Margin Trend 0.00 -0.02 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.03 -0.02 -0.02 -0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.001
Sustainable Growth Rate 19.2% 15.2% 16.5% 16.3% 14.8% 18.0% 19.8% 20.9% 23.7% 23.6% 23.9% 16.7% 16.4% 16.5% 17.1% 24.8% 27.7% 26.2% 26.5% 27.1% 27.06%
Internal Growth Rate 2.5% 2.0% 2.1% 2.1% 1.8% 2.5% 2.5% 2.7% 3.3% 3.4% 3.4% 2.4% 2.5% 2.5% 2.6% 3.9% 4.1% 4.3% 4.5% 4.6% 4.62%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 1.54 1.76 1.93 1.96 2.16 1.67 1.54 1.42 1.18 1.20 1.24 1.73 1.83 1.83 1.69 1.23 1.16 1.20 1.11 1.12 1.120
FCF/OCF 0.96 0.96 0.97 0.96 0.96 0.97 0.96 0.97 0.98 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.94 0.97 0.97 0.97 1.00 0.99 0.99 0.96 0.964
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 1.080
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.836
CapEx/Revenue 1.0% 0.9% 0.8% 1.0% 1.0% 0.9% 1.0% 0.8% 0.6% 1.2% 1.2% 1.2% 1.5% 0.9% 0.9% 0.9% 0.1% 0.3% 0.3% 0.9% 0.95%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 1.876
Accruals Ratio -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.03 -0.02 -0.02 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.02 -0.03 -0.03 -0.02 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.006
Sloan Accruals snapshot only 0.192
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 5.100
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 1.000
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Dividend Yield 1.3% 1.3% 1.5% 1.8% 1.9% 1.7% 1.4% 1.3% 1.4% 1.3% 1.1% 1.2% 1.2% 1.2% 1.3% 1.5% 1.5% 1.6% 1.8% 1.6% 1.67%
Dividend/Share $1.81 $1.88 $1.97 $2.08 $2.19 $2.26 $2.34 $2.44 $2.55 $2.66 $2.75 $2.86 $3.11 $3.30 $3.64 $3.94 $4.10 $4.25 $4.39 $4.57 $4.64
Payout Ratio 16.4% 20.0% 19.9% 20.5% 23.0% 18.4% 18.4% 18.3% 16.4% 16.3% 16.4% 22.2% 23.2% 24.0% 24.2% 19.1% 18.4% 18.1% 18.1% 17.9% 17.92%
FCF Payout Ratio 11.1% 11.8% 10.6% 10.8% 11.0% 11.4% 12.4% 13.3% 14.2% 14.2% 13.9% 13.5% 13.4% 13.5% 14.8% 16.0% 16.0% 15.2% 16.4% 16.6% 16.60%
Total Payout Ratio 19.4% 25.0% 50.0% 83.5% 1.2% 96.9% 91.7% 85.5% 76.5% 81.3% 84.4% 1.2% 1.2% 1.2% 1.1% 82.1% 77.7% 78.0% 78.5% 76.9% 76.86%
Div. Increase Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Chowder Number 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.18 0.16 0.14 0.12 0.12 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.12 0.17 0.22 0.28 0.33 0.28 0.22 0.17 0.12 0.117
Buyback Yield 0.2% 0.3% 2.3% 5.6% 7.8% 7.1% 5.6% 4.7% 5.0% 5.3% 4.6% 5.4% 5.1% 4.7% 4.7% 4.8% 4.8% 5.4% 5.9% 5.3% 5.29%
Net Buyback Yield 0.2% 0.3% 2.3% 5.6% 7.8% 7.1% 5.6% 4.7% 5.0% 5.3% 4.6% 5.4% 5.1% 4.7% 4.7% 4.8% 4.8% 5.4% 5.9% 5.3% 5.29%
Total Shareholder Return 1.5% 1.6% 3.8% 7.4% 9.6% 8.7% 7.0% 6.0% 6.3% 6.7% 5.7% 6.7% 6.3% 5.9% 6.0% 6.2% 6.2% 7.1% 7.6% 6.9% 6.89%
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.76 0.73 0.74 0.75 0.72 0.76 0.76 0.75 0.76 0.76 0.75 0.51 0.50 0.50 0.52 0.73 0.76 0.77 0.77 0.78 0.776
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.95 0.94 0.95 0.95 0.94 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.98 0.97 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.977
EBIT Margin 0.23 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.19 0.23 0.24 0.25 0.27 0.28 0.29 0.30 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.31 0.31 0.309
Asset Turnover 0.17 0.17 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.20 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.23 0.23 0.230
Equity Multiplier 7.89 7.92 8.16 8.13 8.30 7.48 7.99 7.93 7.50 7.24 7.23 7.09 6.87 6.85 6.64 6.64 6.99 6.29 6.13 6.13 6.130
Per Share
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $11.05 $9.41 $9.93 $10.14 $9.52 $12.25 $12.70 $13.34 $15.54 $16.38 $16.78 $12.89 $13.44 $13.76 $15.05 $20.63 $22.23 $23.45 $24.34 $25.49 $25.49
Book Value/Share $52.90 $52.47 $48.97 $46.12 $43.15 $54.78 $52.20 $55.54 $64.56 $58.68 $62.57 $61.71 $57.44 $66.06 $67.67 $70.11 $70.75 $76.36 $79.42 $80.77 $80.87
Tangible Book/Share $42.09 $43.02 $39.50 $36.29 $34.74 $46.33 $43.76 $47.05 $56.03 $50.08 $53.98 $60.39 $56.11 $64.73 $66.32 $68.74 $69.35 $74.94 $-46.64 $79.32 $79.32
Revenue/Share $65.12 $68.27 $70.25 $72.13 $73.45 $73.36 $73.88 $75.47 $77.13 $79.59 $81.52 $85.82 $89.33 $90.33 $94.72 $96.03 $99.41 $102.28 $104.90 $108.84 $108.99
FCF/Share $16.33 $15.93 $18.55 $19.21 $19.87 $19.74 $18.84 $18.27 $17.93 $18.71 $19.84 $21.19 $23.18 $24.35 $24.57 $24.58 $25.61 $27.87 $26.84 $27.52 $27.56
OCF/Share $17.00 $16.55 $19.11 $19.91 $20.59 $20.43 $19.54 $18.87 $18.36 $19.67 $20.82 $22.25 $24.56 $25.21 $25.45 $25.46 $25.69 $28.13 $27.12 $28.55 $28.59
Cash/Share $74.63 $80.13 $79.04 $76.83 $77.14 $82.36 $85.42 $40.04 $40.04 $45.93 $46.76 $46.30 $104.60 $49.22 $51.83 $51.59 $53.91 $125.55 $61.70 $19.37 $19.40
EBITDA/Share $15.89 $14.40 $15.06 $15.29 $14.95 $17.77 $18.46 $19.45 $22.05 $23.23 $24.13 $26.89 $28.61 $28.88 $30.37 $29.53 $30.47 $31.77 $32.93 $34.16 $34.16
Debt/Share $49.03 $51.39 $51.87 $53.46 $55.24 $56.18 $56.97 $57.56 $57.85 $57.99 $58.12 $58.34 $58.46 $57.12 $57.96 $57.91 $58.16 $56.85 $55.92 $20.57 $20.57
Net Debt/Share $-25.60 $-28.74 $-27.16 $-23.37 $-21.90 $-26.18 $-28.46 $17.52 $17.81 $12.06 $11.36 $12.04 $-46.14 $7.91 $6.13 $6.32 $4.25 $-68.70 $-5.78 $1.20 $1.20
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Altman-I Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 6.414
Altman Z-Prime snapshot only 3.052
Piotroski F-Score 6 4 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 8 8 7 7 6 7 7 7 8 8 8 8
Beneish M-Score -2.38 -2.46 -2.58 -2.60 -2.75 -2.89 -2.84 -2.78 -2.75 -2.67 -2.60 -2.68 -2.87 -2.77 -2.69 -2.55 -2.22 -3.54 -2.96 -3.63 -3.627
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -6.417
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 36.23%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-285.29
EVA snapshot only $540174100.00
Credit
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only AAA
Credit Score 82.39 80.06 81.66 81.33 82.25 82.64 83.18 85.32 85.51 90.70 85.20 85.99 91.90 95.43 89.95 90.56 89.19 94.06 93.74 96.86 96.862
Credit Grade snapshot only 1
Credit Trend snapshot only 6.299
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 50.000
Industry Credit Rank snapshot only 93
Sector Credit Rank snapshot only 96

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