— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: SGSN.SW (SIX) · $vol 37M · 0QMI.L (LSE) · $vol 15M · SGSOY (OTC) · $vol 1M

SGSOF OTC

SGS S.A.
1W: +7.0% 1M: +2.0% 3M: +2.6% YTD: +6.2% 1Y: +15.8% 3Y: +56.5% 5Y: +9.6%
$117.96
+9.85 (+9.11%)
 
Weekly Expected Move ±7.7%
$100 $109 $118 $127 $136
OTC · Industrials · Consulting Services · Tech Score Sell · Power 39 · $23.3B mcap · 169M float · 0.0007% daily turnover · Short 82% of daily vol

Analyst Insights

Wall Street analyst consensus based on price targets and buy/sell/hold recommendations from institutional research coverage over the trailing 12 months.

Analyst Price Targets
Analyst Recommendations
Strong Buy: 0Buy: 2Hold: 0Sell: 0Strong Sell: 0
Rating Summary
ConsensusBuy
Avg Target$—
Analysts0

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

B+
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
4
ROE
5
ROA
5
D/E
1
P/E
2
P/B
1
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. SGSOF receives an overall rating of B+. Strongest factors: DCF (4/5), ROE (5/5), ROA (5/5). Areas of concern: D/E (1/5), P/E (2/5), P/B (1/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-08-25 B B+
2026-07-02 B+ B
2026-07-01 None ADDED
2026-06-30 EXISTED None
2026-06-22 None ADDED
2026-06-21 EXISTED None
2026-06-10 None ADDED
2026-06-01 EXISTED None
2026-05-27 None ADDED
2026-05-27 EXISTED None

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ — Grade C
Profitability
63
Balance Sheet
50
Earnings Quality
57
Growth
72
Value
—
Momentum
82
Safety
—
Cash Flow
70

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
—
—
Piotroski F-Score
5/9
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✗ ✗ ✗
Beneish M-Score
-2.71
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-6.31
Bankruptcy prob: 0.2%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
A-
Score: 69.8/100
Trend: Improving
Earnings Quality
75/100
OCF/NI: 1.94x
Accruals: -15.8%
The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. SGSOF scores 5/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. SGSOF's score of -2.71 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. SGSOF's implied 0.2% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. SGSOF receives an estimated rating of A- (score: 69.8/100), with a improving trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). SGSOF's score of 75/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
27.71x
PEG
0.74x
P/S
2.59x
P/B
18.30x
P/FCF
—
P/OCF
—
EV/EBITDA
—
EV/Revenue
—
EV/EBIT
—
EV/FCF
—
Earnings Yield
—
FCF Yield
—
Shareholder Yield
—
Graham Number
$27.50
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 27.7x earnings, SGSOF commands a growth premium. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $27.50 per share, 329% below the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.691
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.916
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.145
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
1.837
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
9.577
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
161.2%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. SGSOF's ROE of 161.2% is driven by financial leverage (equity multiplier: 9.58x). Note: high leverage means ROE is amplified by debt rather than operational performance.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
1.06%
Fair P/E
10.61x
Intrinsic Value
$69.82
Price/Value
—
Margin of Safety
—
Premium
—
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with SGSOF's realized 1.1% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. SGSOF trades at a premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $69.82, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 10.6x compares to the current market P/E of 27.7x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$117.96
Median 1Y
$28.05
5th Pctile
$1.50
95th Pctile
$531.07
Ann. Volatility
172.4%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
ROE 53.3% 76.0% 60.9% 76.1% 73.5% 99.1% 75.9% 1.0% 83.6% 96.3% 83.1% 1.6% 1.4% 2.1% 1.4% 1.7% 1.5% 2.5% 1.8% 1.6% 1.61%
ROA 19.6% 21.4% 19.7% 21.3% 22.1% 23.6% 21.2% 21.1% 17.6% 15.9% 16.4% 18.9% 17.1% 17.9% 16.6% 16.5% 16.4% 17.1% 17.1% 16.8% 16.84%
ROIC 51.0% 51.8% 52.0% 50.5% 59.2% 40.3% 45.9% 46.5% 39.0% 35.5% 38.1% 38.5% 40.8% 39.8% 41.2% 37.2% 37.9% 38.8% 41.8% 31.2% 31.15%
ROCE 43.9% 45.3% 40.5% 49.3% 45.2% 38.1% 30.2% 27.8% 19.5% 18.4% 18.1% 23.4% 22.0% 26.0% 31.7% 34.5% 42.4% 48.6% 37.7% 40.3% 40.32%
Gross Margin 44.1% 42.6% 44.3% 42.6% 43.8% 34.2% 35.8% 31.5% 37.3% 35.0% 38.0% 35.1% 36.9% 35.6% 35.7% 42.8% 1.3% 43.8% 37.9% 36.6% 36.60%
Operating Margin 14.7% 13.5% 15.5% 12.4% 15.3% 12.0% 16.0% 11.8% 18.9% 14.2% 17.5% 13.5% 15.3% 13.3% 13.0% 12.4% 14.1% 14.2% 16.1% 14.0% 13.96%
Net Margin 9.2% 9.1% 10.4% 8.3% 10.9% 11.3% 8.7% 6.5% 10.5% 8.8% 10.3% 8.5% 9.2% 8.3% 8.4% 8.0% 9.1% 9.2% 10.0% 8.4% 8.39%
EBITDA Margin 18.8% 18.6% 19.4% 17.2% 19.1% 20.2% 16.0% 15.7% 16.5% 15.1% 15.6% 14.4% 14.9% 14.0% 15.2% 19.7% 15.2% 21.0% 23.0% 20.9% 20.93%
FCF Margin 11.8% 11.8% 11.5% 10.6% 11.2% 10.6% 12.0% 13.3% 13.9% 14.2% 13.8% 11.7% 11.0% 11.2% 11.0% 12.3% 13.3% 13.9% 14.1% 14.3% 14.35%
OCF Margin 16.9% 16.7% 16.2% 15.3% 15.8% 15.1% 16.2% 17.5% 18.2% 18.8% 18.8% 16.8% 16.1% 16.2% 15.7% 16.8% 17.3% 17.7% 17.7% 17.8% 17.78%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 1.63%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 1.44%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 16.45%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 44.46%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 25.82%
Cash ROA snapshot only 29.71%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 51.10%
CROIC snapshot only 41.23%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 10.84%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 13.26%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 12.54%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.14%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
P/E Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 27.713
P/S Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 2.594
P/B Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 18.299
P/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
P/OCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBITDA — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/Revenue — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBIT — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Earnings Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
FCF Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
PEG Ratio snapshot only 0.739
Graham Number snapshot only $27.50
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Current Ratio 1.75 1.86 1.99 1.41 1.67 1.49 1.67 1.45 1.18 1.26 1.36 1.01 1.13 0.92 1.21 1.23 1.13 1.13 1.44 0.95 0.952
Quick Ratio 1.69 1.86 1.89 1.25 1.65 1.49 1.64 1.43 1.16 1.24 1.33 0.99 1.11 0.90 1.19 1.20 1.11 1.11 1.42 0.93 0.934
Debt/Equity 0.97 1.42 1.09 1.32 1.49 2.30 1.90 4.27 3.65 4.56 3.41 5.89 6.52 15.36 9.60 7.21 4.87 7.08 5.44 5.18 5.180
Net Debt/Equity 0.42 0.77 0.36 0.73 0.44 1.62 0.93 2.45 1.98 3.20 2.08 4.29 4.14 11.68 6.19 5.05 3.35 4.44 2.85 3.89 3.889
Debt/Assets 0.32 0.39 0.35 0.38 0.41 0.48 0.46 0.56 0.56 0.58 0.54 0.61 0.62 0.66 0.65 0.62 0.57 0.63 0.62 0.62 0.616
Debt/EBITDA 0.77 0.89 0.90 0.89 1.03 1.17 1.19 1.46 1.84 2.07 2.01 2.12 2.27 2.25 2.27 2.03 1.80 1.88 1.81 1.84 1.837
Net Debt/EBITDA 0.33 0.48 0.30 0.49 0.30 0.83 0.58 0.83 1.00 1.45 1.23 1.55 1.44 1.71 1.46 1.42 1.24 1.18 0.95 1.38 1.379
Interest Coverage — — — — — — — — — — — 32.59 13.22 8.49 8.44 6.75 11.27 13.47 12.78 19.09 19.090
Equity Multiplier 3.02 3.64 3.10 3.50 3.64 4.81 4.18 7.60 6.52 7.92 6.27 9.71 10.44 23.10 14.73 11.53 8.47 11.21 8.75 8.41 8.409
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.384
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 26.452
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.249
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.389
Defensive Interval snapshot only 158.7 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Asset Turnover 2.10 2.22 2.08 2.30 2.29 2.31 2.17 2.22 1.88 1.84 1.80 1.99 1.86 1.97 1.93 1.95 1.93 1.97 1.88 1.84 1.837
Inventory Turnover 59.48 — 55.08 48.41 99.32 — 82.24 46.88 154.50 263.39 148.65 154.38 143.36 136.91 146.76 143.21 91.61 85.24 90.57 94.07 94.069
Receivables Turnover 11.33 12.94 12.43 11.54 13.28 14.06 13.17 12.29 13.37 12.54 12.77 14.31 14.15 13.83 12.69 11.89 13.56 14.12 12.82 10.28 10.285
Payables Turnover 26.72 12.25 24.45 11.75 15.02 12.57 23.83 13.22 15.80 11.74 21.96 13.20 24.38 12.38 24.22 12.65 15.59 7.74 15.90 7.90 7.895
DSO 32 28 29 32 27 26 28 30 27 29 29 26 26 26 29 31 27 26 28 35 35.5 days
DIO 6 0 7 8 4 0 4 8 2 1 2 2 3 3 2 3 4 4 4 4 3.9 days
DPO 14 30 15 31 24 29 15 28 23 31 17 28 15 29 15 29 23 47 23 46 46.2 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 25 -2 21 8 7 -3 17 10 7 -1 14 0 13 -0 16 4 7 -17 10 -7 -6.9 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 9.818
Operating Cycle snapshot only 39.4 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 10.883
Capital Intensity snapshot only 0.599
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue -0.1% 3.3% 6.4% 9.0% 11.6% 11.3% 7.9% -0.7% -6.5% -10.4% -9.7% -0.3% 6.9% 10.7% 10.5% 5.8% 2.8% 2.4% 3.6% 5.4% 5.43%
Net Income -11.1% -2.0% -1.2% -0.1% 15.8% 18.3% 11.9% 1.7% -9.8% -24.2% -16.1% -0.2% 5.4% 16.0% 4.4% -5.5% -5.6% -2.1% 9.5% 13.9% 13.91%
EPS -9.7% -0.8% -0.4% -0.2% 14.9% 18.0% 11.6% 2.8% -8.2% -23.3% -15.3% 0.2% 6.3% 17.5% 5.9% -5.2% -6.1% -5.2% 4.9% 8.7% 8.68%
FCF 12.6% 13.8% 11.8% -1.6% 5.5% -0.8% 12.9% 25.2% 16.6% 20.7% 3.8% -12.8% -15.6% -13.2% -12.0% 11.1% 23.9% 27.9% 33.1% 23.4% 23.37%
EBITDA -6.6% 2.0% -0.1% 0.3% 8.2% 8.1% 3.6% -3.8% -13.2% -25.2% -21.8% -14.2% -6.9% 3.1% 2.8% 9.6% 9.8% 23.4% 39.7% 32.7% 32.66%
Op. Income -9.3% -1.0% -1.8% -0.7% 9.2% 4.0% 4.9% -1.6% -3.1% -0.7% 1.7% 14.6% 10.0% 7.8% -3.0% -10.3% -10.0% -7.6% 7.0% 13.7% 13.71%
OCF Growth snapshot only 11.58%
Asset Growth snapshot only 22.09%
Equity Growth snapshot only 67.45%
Debt Growth snapshot only 20.34%
Shares Change snapshot only 4.81%
Dividend Growth snapshot only -44.97%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3Y — — — 66.0% 32.8% 16.6% 5.3% 3.5% 1.4% 1.0% 1.2% 2.6% 3.7% 3.3% 2.5% 1.6% 0.9% 0.5% 1.1% 3.6% 3.60%
Revenue 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — 35.3% 18.6% 9.5% 3.1% 3.2% 2.8% 3.1% 3.5% 3.8% 3.77%
EPS 3Y — — — 63.4% 32.5% 19.7% 5.0% 2.9% -1.6% -3.5% -2.0% 0.9% 3.9% 2.0% 0.0% -0.8% -2.9% -5.1% -2.0% 1.1% 1.06%
EPS 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — 35.1% 17.8% 9.1% 0.7% 0.7% -1.0% -0.0% 0.9% 1.1% 1.14%
Net Income 3Y — — — 63.0% 32.4% 19.0% 4.4% 2.1% -2.5% -4.2% -2.5% 0.5% 3.2% 1.3% -0.7% -1.4% -3.6% -4.8% -1.4% 2.4% 2.42%
Net Income 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — 34.5% 17.1% 8.2% -0.1% 0.1% -1.6% -0.0% 1.2% 1.8% 1.77%
EBITDA 3Y — — — 61.5% 29.5% 14.6% 1.7% -0.1% -4.3% -6.2% -6.8% -6.1% -4.4% -5.9% -5.9% -3.3% -3.9% -1.6% 3.9% 7.6% 7.63%
EBITDA 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — 28.3% 11.9% 3.0% -3.3% -1.3% -2.2% 1.0% 3.1% 3.8% 3.77%
Gross Profit 3Y — — — 31.5% 5.2% -3.4% -11.3% -9.5% -6.7% -6.6% -6.0% -4.0% -2.6% -2.9% -4.0% -3.0% 13.2% 15.7% 18.5% 22.8% 22.81%
Gross Profit 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — 13.6% -0.5% -4.6% -8.6% -4.2% 9.4% 10.6% 11.0% 10.6% 10.63%
Op. Income 3Y — — — 62.3% 30.4% 13.9% 1.9% 0.4% -1.4% 0.7% 1.6% 3.9% 5.2% 3.6% 1.2% 0.4% -1.4% -0.3% 1.8% 5.4% 5.36%
Op. Income 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — 37.0% 18.8% 9.6% 0.9% 0.8% -1.0% 0.4% 1.7% 2.7% 2.70%
FCF 3Y — — — 87.0% 52.4% 35.6% 15.6% 20.5% 11.5% 10.9% 9.4% 2.4% 1.2% 1.3% 1.0% 6.7% 6.8% 10.3% 6.7% 6.1% 6.14%
FCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — 48.2% 28.3% 21.2% 7.1% 11.2% 7.7% 8.6% 8.9% 8.1% 8.06%
OCF 3Y — — — 69.7% 37.2% 21.9% 7.3% 11.4% 6.1% 6.9% 6.5% 2.3% 2.2% 2.2% 1.4% 4.7% 4.1% 6.0% 4.1% 4.1% 4.08%
OCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — 39.6% 21.4% 13.9% 3.6% 6.9% 4.5% 5.5% 5.4% 4.8% 4.82%
Assets 3Y — — — 5.5% 6.7% 7.9% 7.9% 4.2% 6.2% 7.8% 5.9% 6.9% 10.0% 7.3% 4.4% 7.6% 3.6% 5.0% 7.6% 12.8% 12.79%
Assets 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — 7.6% 7.4% 6.0% 6.1% 5.8% 3.2% 5.7% 6.0% 8.7% 8.66%
Equity 3Y — — — -5.3% -6.8% -13.2% -10.9% -26.1% -23.1% -18.1% -16.3% -22.8% -27.3% -42.0% -37.9% -27.7% -21.8% -20.8% -15.9% 9.1% 9.06%
Book Value 3Y — — — -5.1% -6.7% -12.7% -10.4% -25.5% -22.4% -17.5% -15.9% -22.5% -26.8% -41.6% -37.5% -27.2% -21.3% -21.0% -16.4% 7.6% 7.60%
Dividend 3Y — — — 2.2% 2.1% 4.2% 4.2% 3.3% 3.4% 1.7% 1.5% 0.7% 0.9% 0.5% 0.5% -12.2% -12.1% -29.0% -29.3% -17.9% -17.87%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.75 0.83 0.90 0.71 0.75 0.88 0.93 0.84 0.33 0.16 0.15 0.72 0.75 0.71 0.50 0.81 0.65 0.51 0.58 0.94 0.939
Earnings Stability 0.57 0.70 0.33 0.65 0.61 0.84 0.69 0.56 0.44 0.24 0.00 0.49 0.40 0.25 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.01 0.00 0.17 0.168
Margin Stability 0.58 0.69 0.76 0.64 0.60 0.71 0.76 0.83 0.89 0.90 0.90 0.57 0.56 0.67 0.72 0.81 0.76 0.74 0.74 0.76 0.758
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.50 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.50 0.500
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Earnings Persistence 0.96 0.99 1.00 1.00 0.94 0.93 0.95 0.99 0.96 0.90 0.94 1.00 0.98 0.94 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.99 0.96 0.94 0.944
Earnings Smoothness 0.88 0.98 0.99 1.00 0.85 0.83 0.89 0.98 0.90 0.72 0.82 1.00 0.95 0.85 0.96 0.94 0.94 0.98 0.91 0.87 0.870
ROE Trend 0.22 0.20 0.03 0.06 0.19 0.29 0.25 0.79 0.39 0.28 0.24 0.56 0.84 3.07 1.57 0.26 0.00 -0.87 -0.35 -0.51 -0.514
Gross Margin Trend -0.22 -0.14 -0.11 -0.06 -0.01 -0.03 -0.05 -0.07 -0.09 -0.08 -0.06 -0.04 -0.03 -0.02 -0.02 0.01 0.26 0.27 0.27 0.24 0.239
FCF Margin Trend 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.00 -0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.02 -0.00 -0.02 -0.01 -0.02 -0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.024
Sustainable Growth Rate 2.6% 7.2% 6.2% 5.1% 9.5% 14.7% 8.2% 1.1% -3.4% -15.1% -7.9% 0.0% 0.3% 2.1% -6.1% 51.6% 45.6% 1.6% 1.2% 1.0% 1.04%
Internal Growth Rate 1.0% 2.1% 2.1% 1.4% 2.9% 3.6% 2.4% 0.2% — — — — 0.0% 0.2% — 5.1% 5.1% 12.1% 12.6% 12.2% 12.15%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 1.81 1.74 1.72 1.65 1.63 1.48 1.66 1.85 1.95 2.17 2.07 1.77 1.75 1.78 1.83 1.98 2.05 2.04 1.95 1.94 1.940
FCF/OCF 0.70 0.71 0.71 0.69 0.71 0.70 0.74 0.76 0.77 0.76 0.73 0.69 0.68 0.69 0.70 0.73 0.77 0.79 0.80 0.81 0.807
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 1.565
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.886
CapEx/Revenue 5.0% 4.9% 4.8% 4.7% 4.6% 4.6% 4.2% 4.2% 4.3% 4.6% 5.0% 5.1% 5.1% 5.0% 4.5% 4.3% 3.8% 3.5% 3.6% 3.4% 3.44%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 0.617
Accruals Ratio -0.16 -0.16 -0.14 -0.14 -0.14 -0.11 -0.14 -0.18 -0.17 -0.19 -0.17 -0.15 -0.13 -0.14 -0.14 -0.16 -0.17 -0.18 -0.16 -0.16 -0.158
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.197
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 2.653
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 0.750
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Dividend Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 3.39%
Dividend/Share $5.48 $5.53 $5.53 $5.79 $5.76 $6.14 $6.13 $6.31 $6.32 $6.39 $6.38 $6.39 $6.44 $6.43 $6.43 $4.26 $4.26 $2.25 $2.22 $2.35 $3.20
Payout Ratio 95.1% 90.6% 89.8% 93.3% 87.1% 85.1% 89.2% 98.9% 1.0% 1.2% 1.1% 1.0% 99.8% 99.0% 1.0% 70.4% 70.3% 36.5% 34.3% 35.6% 35.65%
FCF Payout Ratio 75.1% 73.6% 73.9% 81.7% 75.5% 82.5% 72.8% 70.3% 69.8% 70.4% 72.2% 81.4% 83.5% 80.5% 81.6% 48.7% 44.8% 22.7% 22.1% 22.8% 22.77%
Total Payout Ratio 1.4% 1.2% 1.1% 1.1% 1.1% 1.0% 1.0% 1.3% 1.2% 1.4% 1.3% 1.1% 1.2% 1.2% 1.3% 92.2% 75.6% 46.1% 46.4% 50.8% 50.82%
Div. Increase Streak 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chowder Number — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Net Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total Shareholder Return — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.70 0.71 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.69 0.68 0.66 0.65 0.66 0.66 0.67 0.68 0.68 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.691
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.91 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.95 1.21 1.40 1.64 2.12 1.83 1.91 1.90 1.89 1.88 1.24 1.07 0.92 0.84 0.93 0.92 0.916
EBIT Margin 0.14 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.12 0.10 0.09 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.10 0.11 0.13 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.145
Asset Turnover 2.10 2.22 2.08 2.30 2.29 2.31 2.17 2.22 1.88 1.84 1.80 1.99 1.86 1.97 1.93 1.95 1.93 1.97 1.88 1.84 1.837
Equity Multiplier 2.71 3.56 3.09 3.57 3.32 4.19 3.57 4.85 4.76 6.06 5.07 8.60 8.05 11.71 8.74 10.55 9.38 14.88 10.77 9.58 9.577
Per Share
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $5.76 $6.11 $6.16 $6.20 $6.62 $7.21 $6.88 $6.37 $6.07 $5.53 $5.82 $6.39 $6.46 $6.49 $6.17 $6.05 $6.06 $6.16 $6.47 $6.58 $6.58
Book Value/Share $9.35 $7.77 $10.16 $8.30 $8.73 $6.80 $7.99 $4.10 $5.65 $4.60 $5.95 $3.73 $3.67 $1.55 $2.48 $3.20 $4.26 $3.36 $4.67 $5.11 $5.76
Tangible Book/Share $1.75 $-0.02 $2.43 $0.58 $1.27 $-7.82 $0.24 $-3.15 $-4.92 $-6.86 $-5.56 $-16.95 $-7.65 $-9.72 $-7.85 $-7.42 $-6.90 $-7.66 $-6.79 $-12.33 $-12.33
Revenue/Share $61.71 $63.51 $65.32 $66.94 $68.35 $70.50 $70.25 $67.20 $65.02 $63.85 $63.99 $67.24 $70.14 $71.55 $71.70 $71.36 $71.74 $70.96 $71.15 $71.78 $36.95
FCF/Share $7.30 $7.52 $7.49 $7.08 $7.64 $7.44 $8.43 $8.97 $9.06 $9.08 $8.83 $7.85 $7.71 $7.98 $7.88 $8.75 $9.51 $9.89 $10.05 $10.30 $5.10
OCF/Share $10.41 $10.62 $10.60 $10.25 $10.79 $10.65 $11.39 $11.79 $11.83 $12.00 $12.03 $11.30 $11.32 $11.56 $11.26 $11.99 $12.42 $12.57 $12.58 $12.76 $6.44
Cash/Share $5.19 $5.09 $7.38 $4.96 $9.17 $4.62 $7.79 $7.50 $9.46 $6.28 $7.89 $5.96 $8.73 $5.69 $8.48 $6.89 $6.47 $8.86 $12.06 $6.60 $6.67
EBITDA/Share $11.82 $12.41 $12.34 $12.37 $12.69 $13.37 $12.76 $12.03 $11.20 $10.12 $10.07 $10.35 $10.53 $10.55 $10.49 $11.38 $11.50 $12.62 $14.04 $14.40 $14.40
Debt/Share $9.07 $11.07 $11.07 $10.98 $13.04 $15.65 $15.21 $17.53 $20.64 $20.98 $20.28 $21.97 $23.90 $23.75 $23.83 $23.05 $20.75 $23.75 $25.36 $26.46 $26.46
Net Debt/Share $3.88 $5.97 $3.70 $6.02 $3.86 $11.04 $7.42 $10.03 $11.18 $14.69 $12.40 $16.01 $15.18 $18.06 $15.35 $16.16 $14.28 $14.88 $13.29 $19.87 $19.87
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Piotroski F-Score 5 7 7 5 5 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 6 7 6 7 6 6 7 5 5
Beneish M-Score -3.10 -3.22 -3.11 -2.80 -2.94 -3.67 -3.37 -3.37 -3.15 -3.24 -3.20 -2.80 -2.93 -3.13 -3.24 -3.12 -3.49 -2.96 -2.95 -2.71 -2.708
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -6.308
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-20.91
EVA snapshot only $1035457527.64
Credit
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only A-
Credit Score 77.75 77.75 77.75 77.75 76.25 71.60 74.75 73.75 70.00 68.50 68.50 69.50 67.00 63.00 64.50 62.00 68.50 68.50 68.50 69.75 69.750
Credit Grade snapshot only 7
Credit Trend snapshot only 7.750
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 175.000

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