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STRF NASDAQ

MicroStrategy Incorporated 10.00% Series A Perpetual Strife Preferred Stock
1W: -0.2% 1M: +2.8% 3M: +6.0% YTD: +5.5% 1Y: -4.8%
$103.40
+0.12 (+0.12%)
 
Weekly Expected Move ±2.2%
$99 $101 $103 $106 $108
NASDAQ · Technology · Software - Application · Tech Score Buy · Power 55 · $30.7B mcap · 330M float · 0.037% daily turnover · Short 55% of daily vol

Edge Score

Quantitative competitive moat analysis scoring five pillars of durable advantage — cost leadership, brand intangibles, switching costs, network effects, and efficient scale — using industry percentile rankings on a 0–100 scale.

WEAK EDGE
49.7 / 100
NoneWeakNarrowWide
Primary source: Switching Costs  ·  ROIC: 0.7%
Cost Advantage
37
Intangibles
51
Switching Cost
64
Network Effect
42
Scale
48
The Edge Score quantifies a company's competitive moat using five pillars: Cost Advantage (20%, operating margin and SG&A efficiency vs industry peers), Intangible Assets (25%, gross margin premium, R&D intensity, brand pricing power), Switching Costs (25%, revenue stability, earnings consistency, customer retention proxied by operating leverage), Network Effects (15%, revenue growth with expanding margins, market share dominance), and Efficient Scale (15%, market concentration, ROIC sustainability). Each pillar is scored 0–100 using industry percentile rankings, then weighted into a composite. Wide ≥ 70, Narrow ≥ 55, Weak ≥ 40, None < 40. STRF shows a Weak competitive edge (49.7/100) — limited structural advantages that may face competitive pressure. The primary source of advantage is Switching Costs. ROIC of 0.7% suggests modest returns relative to capital deployed.

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

C
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
1
ROE
1
ROA
1
D/E
3
P/E
1
P/B
4
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. STRF receives an overall rating of C. Strongest factors: P/B (4/5). Areas of concern: DCF (1/5), ROE (1/5), ROA (1/5), P/E (1/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-10-01 C+ C
2026-08-04 C C+
2026-07-29 C- C
2026-04-30 D+ C-
2026-04-01 C- D+
2026-03-02 A C-
2026-01-03 B- A

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 37 Grade D
Profitability
20
Balance Sheet
55
Earnings Quality
18
Growth
52
Value
58
Momentum
50
Safety
50
Cash Flow
30
The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. STRF scores highest in Value (58/100) and lowest in Earnings Quality (18/100). A grade of D flags significant fundamental concerns across multiple dimensions.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
2.14
Grey Zone
Piotroski F-Score
4/9
✗ ✗ ✗ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✗ ✓
Beneish M-Score
-3.35
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-9.37
Bankruptcy prob: 0.0%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
BBB
Score: 56.7/100
Trend: Improving
Earnings Quality
—
OCF/NI: 0.00x
Accruals: -25.1%
The Altman Z-Score (1968) combines five ratios — working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, market value of equity, and sales, all relative to total assets or liabilities — into a single bankruptcy predictor. STRF scores 2.14, placing it in the Grey Zone (safe > 2.99, distress < 1.81). Financial distress is possible and warrants monitoring. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. STRF scores 4/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. STRF's score of -3.35 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. STRF's implied 0.0% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. STRF receives an estimated rating of BBB (score: 56.7/100), with a improving trend.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
-1.67x
PEG
0.01x
P/S
106.22x
P/B
1.21x
P/FCF
-11.72x
P/OCF
—
EV/EBITDA
79.68x
EV/Revenue
77.52x
EV/EBIT
84.60x
EV/FCF
-13.94x
Earnings Yield
-38.65%
FCF Yield
-8.53%
Shareholder Yield
1.63%
Graham Number
—
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. STRF currently has negative earnings — the P/E ratio is not meaningful.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.880
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
-31.260
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.916
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.010
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
1.240
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
-31.2%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. STRF's ROE of -31.2% is driven by EBIT Margin (0.916) as the dominant factor.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
0.00%
Fair P/E
8.50x
Intrinsic Value
—
Price/Value
—
Margin of Safety
—
Premium
—

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 358 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$103.40
Median 1Y
$111.90
5th Pctile
$71.49
95th Pctile
$175.44
Ann. Volatility
24.6%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Current
ROE -12.6% 11.5% 14.8% -7.9% -31.2% -31.22%
ROA -9.6% 9.0% 11.7% -6.5% -25.2% -25.17%
ROIC -11.2% 10.0% 13.0% -7.5% 0.7% 0.71%
ROCE -13.6% 12.6% 16.4% -8.9% 0.8% 0.83%
Gross Margin 69.4% 68.8% 70.5% 66.1% 67.1% 67.06%
Operating Margin -53.3% 122.6% 30.2% -141.8% -12.0% -12.02%
Net Margin -38.0% 87.5% 21.6% -102.6% -100.9% -100.91%
EBITDA Margin -53.3% 122.6% 30.3% -141.8% -5.0% -4.95%
FCF Margin -69.1% -64.3% -12.9% -6.6% -5.6% -5.56%
OCF Margin -2.2% -16.5% -12.9% -14.1% -10.4% -10.37%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 0.68%
Cash ROA snapshot only -0.09%
Cash ROIC snapshot only -0.10%
CROIC snapshot only -5.28%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 74.43%
Pretax Margin snapshot only -28.64%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 19.19%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 57.17%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 2.38%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Current
P/E Ratio -5.39 5.68 3.96 -7.37 -2.59 -1.668
P/S Ratio 204.73 146.22 96.11 62.25 65.18 106.216
P/B Ratio 0.68 0.65 0.59 0.58 0.70 1.212
P/FCF -2.96 -2.28 -746.44 -9.40 -11.72 -11.722
P/OCF — — — — — —
EV/EBITDA -5.22 5.07 3.52 -6.57 79.68 79.680
EV/Revenue 277.95 182.42 119.17 74.78 77.52 77.516
EV/EBIT -5.21 5.08 3.52 -6.54 84.60 84.595
EV/FCF -4.02 -2.84 -925.51 -11.29 -13.94 -13.940
Earnings Yield -18.5% 17.6% 25.2% -13.6% -38.7% -38.65%
FCF Yield -33.7% -43.9% -0.1% -10.6% -8.5% -8.53%
PEG Ratio snapshot only 0.012
EV/Gross Profit snapshot only 113.804
Acquirers Multiple snapshot only 82.277
Shareholder Yield snapshot only 1.63%
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Current
Current Ratio 0.66 0.68 0.66 5.62 6.05 6.053
Quick Ratio 0.66 0.68 0.66 5.62 6.05 6.053
Debt/Equity 0.24 0.16 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.181
Net Debt/Equity 0.24 0.16 0.14 0.12 0.13 0.133
Debt/Assets 0.19 0.13 0.11 0.13 0.15 0.152
Debt/EBITDA -1.38 1.01 0.68 -1.52 17.31 17.306
Net Debt/EBITDA -1.37 1.01 0.68 -1.10 12.68 12.680
Interest Coverage -346.39 231.36 222.45 -84.06 9.05 9.045
Equity Multiplier 1.31 1.29 1.27 1.21 1.19 1.189
Cash Ratio snapshot only 5.587
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 9.603
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.267
FCF to Debt snapshot only -0.330
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.010
Inventory Turnover — — — — — —
Receivables Turnover 1.04 1.91 3.12 2.32 4.27 4.273
Payables Turnover 0.72 1.58 2.21 2.97 3.41 3.412
DSO 353 191 117 157 85 85.4 days
DIO 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 days
DPO 505 231 165 123 107 107.0 days
Cash Conversion Cycle -153 -41 -48 34 -22 -21.6 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 5.667
Cash Velocity snapshot only 0.222
Capital Intensity snapshot only 110.647
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Current
Revenue — — — — 3.4% 3.42%
Net Income — — — — -1.9% -1.93%
EPS — — — — -1.3% -1.25%
FCF — — — — 64.5% 64.46%
EBITDA — — — — 1.1% 1.08%
Op. Income — — — — 1.1% 1.08%
OCF Growth snapshot only -20.29%
Asset Growth snapshot only 23.56%
Equity Growth snapshot only 36.12%
Debt Growth snapshot only 0.77%
Shares Change snapshot only 30.19%
Dividend Growth snapshot only 42.48%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Current
Revenue Stability — — — — — —
Earnings Stability — — — — — —
Margin Stability — — — — — —
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.500
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000
FCF Positive Streak 0 0 0 0 0 0
Earnings Persistence — — — — — —
Earnings Smoothness — — — — — —
ROE Trend — — — — — —
Gross Margin Trend — — — — — —
FCF Margin Trend — — — — — —
Sustainable Growth Rate — 11.4% 14.6% — — —
Internal Growth Rate — 9.7% 13.0% — — —
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 0.00 -0.01 -0.01 0.02 0.00 0.004
FCF/OCF 3211.72 388.59 1.00 47.02 53.62 53.620
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 0.221
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only -0.107
CapEx/Revenue 69.1% 64.1% 0.0% 6.5% 5.5% 5.46%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 96.527
Accruals Ratio -0.10 0.09 0.12 -0.06 -0.25 -0.251
Sloan Accruals snapshot only 0.042
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only -0.016
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Current
Dividend Yield 0.0% 0.2% 0.3% 1.0% 1.6% 0.00%
Dividend/Share $0.04 $0.20 $0.38 $1.02 $1.56 $0.00
Payout Ratio — 1.0% 1.4% — — —
FCF Payout Ratio — — — — — —
Total Payout Ratio — 1.0% 1.4% — — —
Div. Increase Streak 0 0 0 0 1 0
Chowder Number — — — — 55.62 55.619
Buyback Yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
Net Buyback Yield -19.4% -29.3% 0.0% -14.8% -16.6% -16.65%
Total Shareholder Return -19.3% -29.1% 0.3% -13.8% -15.0% -15.02%
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.71 0.72 0.72 0.73 0.88 0.880
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.01 -31.26 -31.260
EBIT Margin -53.35 35.90 33.84 -11.44 0.92 0.916
Asset Turnover 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.010
Equity Multiplier 1.31 1.29 1.27 1.21 1.24 1.240
Per Share
Metric Trend Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $-16.44 $19.47 $28.25 $-13.71 $-37.01 $-37.01
Book Value/Share $130.72 $169.01 $191.18 $173.62 $136.67 $132.04
Tangible Book/Share $-39.07 $-46.95 $-49.64 $-26.57 $-18.01 $-18.01
Revenue/Share $0.43 $0.76 $1.17 $1.62 $1.47 $1.45
FCF/Share $-29.92 $-48.63 $-0.15 $-10.76 $-8.17 $-63.36
OCF/Share $-0.01 $-0.13 $-0.15 $-0.23 $-0.15 $-0.06
Cash/Share $0.24 $0.17 $0.18 $7.83 $6.61 $7.13
EBITDA/Share $-23.08 $27.22 $39.50 $-18.49 $1.43 $1.43
Debt/Share $31.95 $27.56 $27.05 $28.17 $24.73 $24.73
Net Debt/Share $31.71 $27.39 $26.87 $20.34 $18.12 $18.12
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — 2.136
Altman Z-Prime snapshot only 3.797
Piotroski F-Score 2 2 2 2 4 4
Beneish M-Score — — — — -3.35 -3.347
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -9.370
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-18.69
EVA snapshot only $-4803596370.00
Credit
Metric Trend Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only BBB
Credit Score 22.51 56.41 57.55 39.74 56.70 56.695
Credit Grade snapshot only 9
Credit Trend snapshot only 34.183
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 275.000
Industry Credit Rank snapshot only 46
Sector Credit Rank snapshot only 40

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For informational purposes only. Not investment advice. Data sourced from SEC filings. Privacy Terms