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Also trades as: VIG.VI (VIE) · $vol 3M · VNRGF (OTC) · $vol 0M

VNRFY OTC

Vienna Insurance Group AG
1W: +0.0% 1M: +1.7% 3M: +11.9% YTD: +4.4% 1Y: +69.7% 3Y: +249.0% 5Y: +246.1%
$16.75
+0.00 (+0.00%)
 
OTC · Financial Services · Insurance - Diversified · Tech Score Buy · Power 66 · $438.3M mcap · 2M float · 0.0015% daily turnover · Short 54% of daily vol

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

C
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
5
ROE
1
ROA
1
D/E
2
P/E
1
P/B
1
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. VNRFY receives an overall rating of C. Strongest factors: DCF (5/5). Areas of concern: ROE (1/5), ROA (1/5), D/E (2/5), P/E (1/5), P/B (1/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-10-03 None ADDED
2026-10-03 EXISTED None
2026-09-29 None ADDED
2026-09-27 EXISTED None
2026-09-23 None ADDED
2026-09-23 EXISTED None
2026-09-18 C C+
2026-09-15 None ADDED
2026-09-13 EXISTED None
2026-09-09 None ADDED

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ — Grade A
Profitability
40
Balance Sheet
68
Earnings Quality
92
Growth
63
Value
—
Momentum
85
Safety
—
Cash Flow
47

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman-I Score
4.90
Safe Zone
Piotroski F-Score
7/9
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✗ ✓
Beneish M-Score
-1.94
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
—
—
Credit Rating
AA
Score: 85.5/100
Trend: Improving
Earnings Quality
100/100
OCF/NI: 1.11x
Accruals: -0.2%
The Altman-I Score is adapted for insurance companies, emphasizing return on equity, tangible net worth, and cash reserves alongside the standard equity and earnings components. VNRFY scores 4.90, placing it in the Safe Zone (safe > 3.0, distress < 1.5). Bankruptcy is statistically unlikely within the next two years. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. VNRFY scores 7/9, signaling strong financial health across all three dimensions. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. VNRFY's score of -1.94 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. VNRFY receives an estimated rating of AA (score: 85.5/100), with a improving trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). VNRFY's score of 100/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
9.17x
PEG
0.26x
P/S
0.58x
P/B
1.15x
P/FCF
—
P/OCF
—
EV/EBITDA
—
EV/Revenue
—
EV/EBIT
—
EV/FCF
—
Earnings Yield
—
FCF Yield
—
Shareholder Yield
—
Graham Number
$392.99
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 9.2x earnings, VNRFY trades at a deep value multiple. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $392.99 per share, suggesting a potential 2246% margin of safety at the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.730
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
1.000
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.071
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.258
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
8.045
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
10.8%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. VNRFY's ROE of 10.8% is driven by financial leverage (equity multiplier: 8.04x). Note: high leverage means ROE is amplified by debt rather than operational performance.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
6.44%
Fair P/E
21.39x
Intrinsic Value
$568.37
Price/Value
—
Margin of Safety
—
Premium
—
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with VNRFY's realized 6.4% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. VNRFY trades at a premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $568.37, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 21.4x compares to the current market P/E of 9.2x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$16.75
Median 1Y
$19.00
5th Pctile
$10.16
95th Pctile
$35.63
Ann. Volatility
40.9%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Current
ROE 8.8% 7.1% 7.8% 8.6% 9.1% 10.6% 10.7% 11.8% 11.6% 9.9% 11.4% 11.9% 11.9% 9.8% 9.5% 9.6% 9.9% 10.5% 10.5% 10.8% 10.77%
ROA 0.9% 0.7% 0.8% 0.9% 0.9% 1.1% 1.1% 1.1% 1.1% 1.1% 1.3% 1.2% 1.2% 1.2% 1.1% 1.2% 1.2% 1.3% 1.3% 1.3% 1.34%
ROIC 11.1% -1.5% 7.9% -1.7% 9.7% -2.6% 12.8% -2.6% 13.2% -3.0% 9.5% -4.3% 12.9% -3.2% 9.9% -3.1% 6.9% -4.2% 9.7% -4.5% -4.46%
ROCE 31.3% 30.6% 25.4% 31.2% 30.7% 36.5% 21.9% 16.2% 3.6% 3.8% 3.6% 15.6% 3.9% 3.8% 3.7% 3.7% 3.1% 2.7% 2.2% 1.8% 1.79%
Gross Margin 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 2.0% 1.2% 67.0% 1.0% 72.4% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.00%
Operating Margin 2.7% 2.2% 4.8% 3.1% 4.7% 5.5% 4.4% 2.2% 2.9% 9.3% 9.1% 9.1% 8.4% 1.0% 7.8% 7.8% 8.0% 8.0% 9.0% 9.0% 9.03%
Net Margin 2.0% 2.1% 3.7% 3.5% 3.3% 3.5% 3.3% 3.3% 3.2% 5.1% 6.1% 6.1% 3.7% 3.9% 5.7% 5.7% 4.6% 4.6% 5.8% 5.8% 5.78%
EBITDA Margin -0.1% -0.7% -0.0% -0.9% -0.1% -3.1% -0.1% -0.8% 1.3% -4.1% -1.0% -1.0% -3.1% 42.3% 7.7% 15.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
FCF Margin 4.9% 2.3% 1.2% 2.9% 1.8% 0.3% 0.4% 1.0% 1.0% -0.7% -1.4% -6.8% -8.1% -4.9% -3.7% -1.4% -0.2% 1.0% 2.5% 4.0% 4.02%
OCF Margin 9.0% 5.8% 4.3% 5.9% 4.3% 3.9% 4.2% 4.8% 5.0% 5.6% 4.1% 0.2% -0.7% -1.2% 0.2% 1.6% 2.2% 2.8% 4.3% 5.8% 5.78%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 10.05%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 10.29%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 1.23%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 10.54%
Cash ROA snapshot only 1.45%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 6.43%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 7.10%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 0.07%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Current
P/E Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 9.174
P/S Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.582
P/B Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.146
P/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
P/OCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBITDA — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/Revenue — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBIT — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Earnings Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
FCF Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
PEG Ratio snapshot only 0.257
Graham Number snapshot only $392.99
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Current
Current Ratio — 3.87 — 0.65 — 3.67 — 3.02 — 2.95 2.26 0.72 — 83.15 — — — — — — —
Quick Ratio — 3.87 — 0.65 — 3.67 — 3.02 — 2.95 2.26 0.72 — 83.15 — — — — — — —
Debt/Equity 0.30 0.38 0.28 0.44 0.26 0.36 0.28 0.48 0.41 0.42 0.43 0.52 0.35 0.31 0.26 0.26 0.31 0.27 0.25 0.25 0.250
Net Debt/Equity -0.02 -4.99 -0.20 -5.03 -0.25 -4.80 -0.20 -5.34 -0.15 -4.14 0.12 -3.93 0.09 -4.04 -0.06 -3.98 0.31 -3.85 0.25 -3.86 -3.859
Debt/Assets 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.05 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.032
Debt/EBITDA -4.62 -20.34 -15.32 -27.50 -17.47 -9.26 -6.73 -9.71 -10.13 -17.52 -15.66 -21.15 -7.72 1.75 1.22 0.88 1.03 2.44 3.48 — —
Net Debt/EBITDA 0.35 264.64 10.56 313.54 16.84 122.27 4.90 108.57 3.80 171.39 -4.41 160.22 -1.93 -22.93 -0.27 -13.26 1.03 -34.54 3.48 — —
Interest Coverage — — — — — — — — — 29.27 34.03 20.25 19.61 20.80 20.74 44.92 24.71 29.21 17.70 11.23 11.227
Equity Multiplier 10.01 9.77 10.02 9.72 9.30 9.52 9.78 11.17 11.46 8.63 8.42 8.42 8.27 8.27 8.21 8.21 8.04 8.04 7.90 7.90 7.897
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 0.000
Cash to Debt snapshot only 16.428
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.319
Defensive Interval snapshot only 843.5 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Current
Asset Turnover 0.32 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.33 0.34 0.30 0.30 0.24 0.23 0.23 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.25 0.25 0.26 0.258
Inventory Turnover — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Receivables Turnover — 18.27 — — — 15.58 — — — 35.26 — — — 22.72 — 42.42 — 23.83 — 23.29 23.289
Payables Turnover — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
DSO 0 20 0 0 0 23 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 16 0 9 0 15 0 16 15.7 days
DIO — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0 0 0 0 — — — —
DPO — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0 0 0 0 — — — —
Cash Conversion Cycle — — — — — — — — — — — — — 16 0 9 0 — — — —
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 15.422
Cash Velocity snapshot only 0.483
Capital Intensity snapshot only 3.978
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Current
Revenue 20.9% -2.2% -3.6% -4.1% -2.2% 2.9% 4.3% 7.8% 9.5% -7.2% -8.0% -29.3% -33.0% -24.4% -22.6% -0.3% 6.0% 12.2% 12.0% 11.8% 11.83%
Net Income 18.6% -25.4% -23.0% -6.2% 8.6% 53.9% 46.5% 28.5% 20.3% -3.6% 12.2% 6.3% 4.8% 2.3% -10.2% -6.0% 0.5% 16.2% 18.5% 20.7% 20.73%
EPS 18.6% -25.4% -23.0% -6.2% 8.6% 53.9% 46.5% 28.5% 20.3% -3.6% 12.2% 6.3% 4.8% 2.3% -10.2% -6.0% 0.5% 16.2% 18.5% 20.7% 20.73%
FCF 74.8% -63.7% -82.9% -37.1% -65.1% -84.9% -63.8% -63.2% -35.6% -2.8% -4.3% -5.8% -6.2% -4.7% -1.0% 79.4% 97.7% 1.2% 1.8% 4.2% 4.19%
EBITDA -189.4% 74.6% 74.1% 75.9% 73.6% -1.2% -1.3% -1.6% -1.1% 38.6% 27.4% 35.0% -56.1% 8.9% 9.3% 13.9% 8.0% -31.5% -63.5% -1.0% -1.00%
Op. Income 23.6% -47.5% -46.4% -38.2% -25.1% 65.4% 62.2% 43.0% 20.6% -12.0% 7.0% 31.7% 61.0% 23.0% -0.2% -16.0% -25.5% 29.2% 39.8% 50.9% 50.88%
OCF Growth snapshot only 3.15%
Asset Growth snapshot only 5.75%
Equity Growth snapshot only 9.90%
Debt Growth snapshot only 4.01%
Shares Change snapshot only 0.00%
Dividend Growth snapshot only 10.41%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Current
Revenue 3Y 18.5% 16.3% 16.0% 15.6% 15.6% 16.2% 16.4% 8.3% 9.0% -2.2% -2.6% -9.9% -10.5% -10.3% -9.4% -8.7% -8.0% -7.6% -7.3% -7.6% -7.61%
Revenue 5Y 10.8% 10.4% 10.5% 10.4% 10.6% 11.0% 11.1% 11.8% 12.2% 8.5% 8.4% 3.3% 2.6% 2.0% 2.3% -2.2% -1.7% -4.5% -4.3% -4.0% -4.00%
EPS 3Y 15.9% 7.1% 7.6% 15.1% 18.2% 27.9% 26.1% 15.4% 15.7% 3.4% 8.1% 8.6% 11.0% 14.9% 13.8% 8.7% 8.2% 4.6% 6.1% 6.4% 6.44%
EPS 5Y 19.6% 30.7% 42.6% 53.9% 22.3% 14.4% 13.9% 14.9% 15.3% 12.8% 15.4% 15.8% 15.8% 15.6% 15.1% 9.0% 10.3% 5.6% 6.1% 7.8% 7.77%
Net Income 3Y 15.9% 7.1% 7.6% 15.1% 18.2% 27.9% 26.1% 15.4% 15.7% 3.4% 8.1% 8.6% 11.0% 14.9% 13.8% 8.7% 8.2% 4.6% 6.1% 6.4% 6.44%
Net Income 5Y 19.6% 30.7% 42.6% 53.9% 22.3% 14.4% 13.9% 14.9% 15.3% 12.8% 15.4% 15.8% 15.8% 15.6% 15.1% 9.0% 10.3% 5.6% 6.1% 7.8% 7.77%
EBITDA 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EBITDA 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 16.4% 30.0% 63.8% 3.1% — — — —
Gross Profit 3Y 27.4% 25.0% 24.8% 24.3% 24.4% 17.8% 16.0% 6.6% 6.0% 4.3% 4.8% -3.5% -3.9% -13.8% -14.2% -10.8% -10.0% -7.6% -7.3% -7.6% -7.61%
Gross Profit 5Y 15.1% 14.5% 14.7% 14.6% 14.8% 15.3% 15.5% 16.6% 17.2% 17.8% 18.4% 12.5% 11.8% 0.4% -1.1% -4.4% -4.5% -4.5% -4.3% -4.0% -4.00%
Op. Income 3Y 17.4% -0.8% -0.9% 1.1% 4.5% 13.7% 12.7% 5.5% 3.8% -8.6% -2.4% 5.2% 13.3% 21.4% 20.1% 16.5% 13.1% 11.8% 14.3% 18.6% 18.60%
Op. Income 5Y 22.3% 20.8% 28.2% 32.8% 12.2% 11.9% 10.7% 9.6% 7.9% 7.3% 11.0% 14.3% 17.3% 9.7% 8.9% 5.4% 6.0% 3.9% 5.3% 8.1% 8.07%
FCF 3Y -1.6% -27.5% -39.3% -14.9% -27.8% -50.9% -41.5% -33.9% -26.8% — — — — — — — — 31.7% 71.0% 47.1% 47.07%
FCF 5Y 6.2% -17.8% -30.5% -15.6% -19.9% -41.6% -38.0% -25.7% -26.5% — — — — — — — — -34.0% -20.9% -5.9% -5.93%
OCF 3Y 6.4% -10.7% -17.8% -6.8% -16.6% -13.6% -7.8% -15.9% -11.9% -22.7% -31.5% -73.2% — — -67.9% -41.5% -26.5% -17.9% -6.6% -1.7% -1.72%
OCF 5Y 11.5% -4.2% -12.8% -5.0% -9.9% -11.2% -9.1% -7.4% -6.5% -8.2% -12.6% -53.0% — — -52.2% -32.9% -26.7% -28.0% -21.7% -10.9% -10.92%
Assets 3Y -1.5% -0.3% -0.3% -0.8% 0.4% 1.2% -1.3% -2.4% -0.9% -2.1% -0.0% 0.1% -0.4% -1.1% -1.4% -0.7% -0.6% -0.6% 0.8% 2.2% 2.20%
Assets 5Y 1.9% 2.9% 2.1% 2.0% 0.8% 1.2% 0.2% -0.9% -1.0% -1.5% -1.5% -1.4% -1.1% -0.6% -1.5% -1.2% 0.3% 0.3% 1.6% 1.7% 1.70%
Equity 3Y 1.6% 3.6% 2.0% 3.5% 7.3% 6.4% 2.7% -4.0% -5.5% 2.6% 7.7% 4.8% 6.1% 4.5% 5.4% 5.1% 4.3% 5.1% 8.2% 14.7% 14.70%
Book Value 3Y 1.6% 3.6% 2.0% 3.5% 7.3% 6.4% 2.7% -4.0% -5.5% 2.6% 7.7% 4.8% 6.1% 4.5% 5.4% 5.1% 4.3% 5.1% 8.2% 14.7% 14.70%
Dividend 3Y -29.9% 3.5% 5.1% 64.6% 68.1% -7.5% -11.1% -8.4% -10.9% 11.7% 25.2% -3.0% -4.6% -7.9% -14.4% -3.4% 0.3% 1.9% 2.7% 3.4% 3.36%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Current
Revenue Stability 0.73 0.70 0.71 0.84 0.86 0.78 0.78 0.89 0.93 0.54 0.52 0.13 0.11 0.05 0.07 0.11 0.09 0.65 0.66 0.52 0.521
Earnings Stability 0.94 0.64 0.67 0.84 0.97 0.63 0.66 0.91 0.97 0.69 0.78 0.93 0.98 0.63 0.67 0.80 0.94 0.57 0.60 0.80 0.796
Margin Stability 0.86 0.90 0.89 0.88 0.87 0.92 0.92 0.91 0.89 0.86 0.84 0.85 0.85 0.88 0.86 0.89 0.89 0.88 0.86 0.89 0.890
Rev. Growth Consistency 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.500
Earn. Growth Consistency 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.50 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.500
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Earnings Persistence 0.93 0.90 0.91 0.98 0.97 0.50 0.81 0.89 0.92 0.99 0.95 0.97 0.98 0.99 0.96 0.98 1.00 0.94 0.93 0.92 0.917
Earnings Smoothness 0.83 0.71 0.74 0.94 0.92 0.58 0.62 0.75 0.82 0.96 0.89 0.94 0.95 0.98 0.89 0.94 1.00 0.85 0.83 0.81 0.812
ROE Trend 0.02 -0.01 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.05 0.01 0.02 -0.00 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.02 -0.02 0.00 -0.00 0.00 0.004
Gross Margin Trend 0.06 0.02 -0.01 -0.02 -0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.22 0.25 0.23 0.24 -0.22 -0.27 -0.18 -0.18 -0.05 -0.05 -0.08 -0.082
FCF Margin Trend -0.00 -0.03 -0.04 -0.02 -0.02 -0.04 -0.03 -0.03 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.09 -0.10 -0.05 -0.03 0.01 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.08 0.081
Sustainable Growth Rate 7.4% 2.9% 3.1% 2.4% 2.9% 7.3% 7.7% 6.7% 7.0% 5.5% 5.7% 7.4% 7.9% 6.4% 6.2% 6.2% 6.6% 7.3% 7.2% 7.3% 7.25%
Internal Growth Rate 0.8% 0.3% 0.3% 0.2% 0.3% 0.8% 0.8% 0.6% 0.7% 0.6% 0.6% 0.8% 0.8% 0.8% 0.8% 0.7% 0.8% 0.9% 0.9% 0.9% 0.91%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Current
OCF/Net Income 3.26 2.47 1.73 2.08 1.39 1.11 1.22 1.42 1.48 1.53 0.97 0.04 -0.13 -0.25 0.04 0.32 0.44 0.54 0.83 1.11 1.115
FCF/OCF 0.55 0.39 0.27 0.49 0.41 0.09 0.10 0.21 0.21 -0.12 -0.35 -30.96 11.69 3.94 -19.86 -0.91 -0.08 0.35 0.59 0.70 0.696
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 0.776
CapEx/Revenue 4.0% 3.5% 3.1% 3.0% 2.5% 3.6% 3.8% 3.8% 3.9% 6.2% 5.5% 7.0% 7.4% 3.7% 3.9% 3.0% 2.4% 1.8% 1.8% 1.8% 1.76%
Accruals Ratio -0.02 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.00 -0.00 -0.00 -0.00 -0.01 -0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 -0.00 -0.002
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.514
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 1.676
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 1.000
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Current
Dividend Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 2.64%
Dividend/Share $2.67 $8.57 $8.84 $12.42 $12.68 $6.78 $6.20 $9.55 $8.97 $9.45 $12.17 $8.73 $7.79 $7.38 $7.62 $7.86 $7.86 $7.81 $8.24 $8.68 $8.65
Payout Ratio 15.5% 60.0% 59.7% 72.4% 67.8% 30.8% 28.6% 43.4% 39.9% 44.6% 50.0% 37.3% 33.0% 34.0% 34.9% 35.7% 33.2% 31.0% 31.8% 32.7% 32.66%
FCF Payout Ratio 8.6% 61.8% 1.3% 70.5% 1.2% 3.2% 2.4% 1.5% 1.3% — — — — — — — — 1.6% 64.9% 42.1% 42.07%
Total Payout Ratio 15.5% 60.0% 59.7% 72.4% 67.8% 30.8% 28.6% 43.4% 39.9% 44.6% 50.0% 37.3% 33.0% 34.0% 34.9% 35.7% 33.2% 31.0% 31.8% 32.7% 32.66%
Div. Increase Streak 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chowder Number — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Net Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total Shareholder Return — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.68 0.65 0.67 0.72 0.71 0.76 0.76 0.75 0.75 0.80 0.79 0.80 0.79 0.72 0.72 0.71 0.72 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.730
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.04 0.05 0.07 0.12 0.43 0.46 0.46 0.38 0.40 0.42 0.43 0.44 0.53 0.65 0.79 1.00 1.000
EBIT Margin 0.97 0.85 0.85 0.86 1.02 1.02 0.69 0.39 0.10 0.10 0.12 0.17 0.17 0.16 0.16 0.15 0.13 0.11 0.09 0.07 0.071
Asset Turnover 0.32 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.33 0.34 0.30 0.30 0.24 0.23 0.23 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.25 0.25 0.26 0.258
Equity Multiplier 9.96 9.84 10.25 9.70 9.63 9.64 9.90 10.38 10.24 9.08 9.07 9.61 9.61 8.44 8.31 8.31 8.15 8.15 8.04 8.04 8.045
Per Share
Metric Trend Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $17.23 $14.29 $14.81 $17.15 $18.70 $21.99 $21.69 $22.03 $22.49 $21.19 $24.33 $23.42 $23.57 $21.69 $21.85 $22.01 $23.68 $25.21 $25.89 $26.57 $26.57
Book Value/Share $192.50 $201.67 $200.82 $202.70 $219.02 $213.99 $203.83 $171.15 $167.19 $213.77 $223.42 $223.42 $230.17 $230.17 $235.02 $235.02 $248.72 $248.72 $258.29 $258.29 $292.27
Tangible Book/Share $116.25 $133.97 $126.37 $134.74 $144.92 $145.86 $135.43 $102.82 $85.20 $134.69 $142.59 $142.59 $153.54 $153.54 $158.13 $158.13 $173.06 $173.06 $184.76 $184.76 $184.76
Revenue/Share $624.26 $606.18 $603.56 $603.21 $610.55 $623.48 $629.52 $650.06 $668.34 $578.88 $579.06 $459.89 $447.84 $437.77 $448.13 $458.50 $474.90 $491.31 $502.02 $512.72 $553.38
FCF/Share $30.88 $13.86 $7.02 $17.61 $10.76 $2.09 $2.54 $6.49 $6.94 $-3.77 $-8.32 $-31.32 $-36.35 $-21.44 $-16.78 $-6.46 $-0.84 $4.78 $12.70 $20.63 $21.47
OCF/Share $56.12 $35.32 $25.67 $35.64 $25.99 $24.40 $26.46 $31.21 $33.28 $32.35 $23.55 $1.01 $-3.11 $-5.44 $0.85 $7.13 $10.33 $13.52 $21.57 $29.63 $31.22
Cash/Share $61.52 $1083.15 $96.33 $1110.10 $112.07 $1105.68 $98.67 $996.12 $93.79 $975.57 $69.30 $993.44 $60.86 $1000.68 $75.80 $997.33 $0.00 $1026.42 $0.00 $1061.27 $1124.18
EBITDA/Share $-12.36 $-3.80 $-3.72 $-3.26 $-3.27 $-8.41 $-8.48 $-8.42 $-6.73 $-5.16 $-6.16 $-5.48 $-10.51 $40.55 $50.84 $70.53 $73.97 $27.76 $18.58 $0.00 $0.00
Debt/Share $57.15 $77.30 $57.03 $89.50 $57.07 $77.87 $57.11 $81.76 $68.20 $90.48 $96.44 $115.84 $81.11 $70.88 $62.11 $62.11 $76.20 $67.73 $64.60 $64.60 $64.60
Net Debt/Share $-4.38 $-1005.85 $-39.30 $-1020.59 $-55.00 $-1027.81 $-41.56 $-914.35 $-25.59 $-885.09 $27.15 $-877.59 $20.25 $-929.80 $-13.69 $-935.22 $76.20 $-958.69 $64.60 $-996.67 $-996.67
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Current
Altman-I Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 4.896
Piotroski F-Score 6 4 5 5 6 7 6 8 6 6 5 4 3 5 4 5 5 7 6 7 7
Beneish M-Score -2.62 -2.64 -2.51 -2.53 -2.42 -3.07 -2.44 -2.45 -2.37 -2.29 -2.57 -2.83 -2.33 -1.59 -2.24 -2.51 -2.26 -1.96 -2.33 -1.94 -1.935
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 1.10%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-1775.75
Credit
Metric Trend Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only AA
Credit Score 79.25 93.20 70.70 80.60 70.70 90.80 68.90 91.70 70.70 91.95 79.95 77.10 70.75 88.50 71.10 83.70 71.70 83.10 71.35 85.50 85.500
Credit Grade snapshot only 3
Credit Trend snapshot only 1.800
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 80.000

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