— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: WPNTF (OTC) · $vol 0M

W7L.L LSE

Warpaint London PLC
1W: +1.0% 1M: -9.1% 3M: -3.9% YTD: -10.1% 1Y: -36.4% 3Y: -28.8% 5Y: +9.3%
£200.00 ($2.65)
+10.00 (+5.26%)
 
Weekly Expected Move ±7.3%
£171 £185 £200 £215 £229
LSE · Consumer Defensive · Household & Personal Products · Tech Score Strong Sell · Power 31 · £157.5M mcap · 46M float · 0.588% daily turnover

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

A
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
5
ROE
4
ROA
5
D/E
2
P/E
3
P/B
3
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. W7L.L receives an overall rating of A. Strongest factors: DCF (5/5), ROE (4/5), ROA (5/5). Areas of concern: D/E (2/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-09-24 A+ A
2026-07-01 A A+
2026-05-22 A+ A
2026-04-30 A A+
2026-04-30 A- A
2026-04-07 None ADDED
2026-04-07 EXISTED None
2026-04-01 A A-
2026-01-03 A- A

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 75 Grade A
Profitability
67
Balance Sheet
95
Earnings Quality
75
Growth
63
Value
78
Momentum
83
Safety
100
Cash Flow
79
The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. W7L.L scores highest in Safety (100/100) and lowest in Growth (63/100). An overall grade of A places W7L.L among the highest-quality companies in its peer group.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
7.70
Safe Zone
Piotroski F-Score
5/9
✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✗
Beneish M-Score
-2.16
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-11.05
Bankruptcy prob: 0.0%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
AAA
Score: 95.3/100
Trend: Improving
Earnings Quality
75/100
OCF/NI: 1.17x
Accruals: -5.4%
The Altman Z-Score (1968) combines five ratios — working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, market value of equity, and sales, all relative to total assets or liabilities — into a single bankruptcy predictor. W7L.L scores 7.70, placing it in the Safe Zone (safe > 2.99, distress < 1.81). Bankruptcy is statistically unlikely within the next two years. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. W7L.L scores 5/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. W7L.L's score of -2.16 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. W7L.L's implied 0.0% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. W7L.L receives an estimated rating of AAA (score: 95.3/100), with a improving trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). W7L.L's score of 75/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
12.65x
PEG
-0.51x
P/S
1.64x
P/B
2.02x
P/FCF
5.64x
P/OCF
4.92x
EV/EBITDA
3.71x
EV/Revenue
0.75x
EV/EBIT
4.36x
EV/FCF
5.23x
Earnings Yield
17.39%
FCF Yield
17.74%
Shareholder Yield
10.31%
Graham Number
$2.75
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 12.7x earnings, W7L.L trades at a reasonable valuation. An earnings yield of 17.4% exceeds typical risk-free rates, suggesting equities are being compensated for risk. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $2.75 per share, 6997% below the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.783
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
1.043
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.171
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
2.301
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
1.357
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
43.6%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. W7L.L's ROE of 43.6% is driven by Asset Turnover (2.301), indicating efficient use of assets to generate revenue.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
15.00%
Fair P/E
38.50x
Intrinsic Value
$13.39
Price/Value
0.15x
Margin of Safety
85.06%
Premium
-85.06%
Assessment
Undervalued
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with W7L.L's realized 15.0% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. W7L.L actually compounded EPS at 298.1% over three years; the model uses 15%, the highest rate it will extrapolate — of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it over the following seven years. At an intrinsic value of $13.39, W7L.L appears undervalued with a 85% margin of safety. The adjusted fair P/E of 38.5x compares to the current market P/E of 12.7x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$200.00
Median 1Y
$202.88
5th Pctile
$84.88
95th Pctile
$482.67
Ann. Volatility
52.3%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
ROE 11.0% 26.0% 17.4% 22.4% 27.5% 17.0% 8.7% 1.1% 0.9% 1.8% 4.8% 15.0% 24.2% 35.1% 48.6% 56.5% 57.9% 56.4% 51.3% 43.6% 43.61%
ROA 8.4% 20.0% 14.6% 18.3% 22.1% 12.3% 7.0% 0.9% 0.8% 1.3% 3.7% 11.2% 18.7% 25.5% 35.8% 40.9% 46.9% 39.6% 39.9% 32.1% 32.14%
ROIC 14.6% 30.8% 18.4% 25.6% 19.6% 11.7% 9.8% 3.6% 3.1% 5.3% 6.5% 11.7% 24.8% 34.7% 48.6% 52.6% 57.0% 50.2% 43.0% 41.8% 41.81%
ROCE -11.1% 24.6% 12.2% 19.1% 30.3% 18.0% 18.7% 9.9% 3.0% 4.2% 7.6% 17.8% 27.7% 37.5% 51.7% 61.9% 55.6% 51.6% 45.9% 40.0% 39.96%
Gross Margin 39.1% 38.8% 38.8% 35.5% 33.5% 34.9% 27.0% 21.5% 22.2% 24.2% 27.6% 31.7% 29.9% 36.4% 38.6% 40.2% 38.1% 41.1% 38.4% 42.9% 42.90%
Operating Margin 19.6% 21.2% 21.2% 10.1% 4.4% -0.6% 8.8% -4.0% 0.0% 2.6% 10.5% 10.0% 14.1% 18.6% 22.9% 22.2% 21.9% 17.4% 17.9% 11.3% 11.33%
Net Margin 14.0% 16.8% 16.8% 7.4% 2.8% -0.9% 5.1% -9.5% 1.1% 0.7% 8.5% 10.8% 9.1% 13.0% 17.2% 17.5% 18.3% 11.0% 16.0% 8.8% 8.79%
EBITDA Margin -13.7% 37.7% 8.7% 15.9% 35.9% 10.0% 12.8% 3.5% 8.6% 12.0% 17.1% 21.4% 16.2% 19.8% 24.9% 26.3% 25.6% 17.6% 20.0% 15.7% 15.74%
FCF Margin 10.3% 12.6% 10.1% 9.3% 8.9% 6.8% 7.7% 8.6% 11.2% 12.9% 11.9% 7.9% 10.3% 8.1% 11.1% 8.3% 8.7% 9.2% 9.3% 14.3% 14.25%
OCF Margin 11.6% 14.2% 11.4% 10.4% 10.0% 7.7% 8.4% 9.7% 12.6% 14.1% 13.6% 9.3% 11.5% 9.3% 12.0% 9.6% 10.2% 11.0% 11.4% 16.3% 16.32%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 33.64%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 24.87%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 24.60%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 38.38%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 33.41%
Cash ROA snapshot only 31.57%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 49.56%
CROIC snapshot only 43.29%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 13.77%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 17.84%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 22.28%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
P/E Ratio 40.88 27.53 17.23 15.75 7.69 11.11 12.78 106.29 136.70 178.87 58.22 16.12 13.93 14.40 13.67 18.14 12.62 10.13 4.77 5.75 12.654
P/S Ratio 5.71 4.31 2.77 2.04 0.85 0.73 0.52 0.60 0.56 1.34 1.18 0.92 1.11 1.49 1.79 2.65 2.12 1.63 0.75 0.80 1.636
P/B Ratio 4.50 7.15 3.00 3.52 1.42 1.35 1.12 1.16 1.34 3.38 2.94 2.41 3.35 4.61 5.89 9.05 5.53 4.52 1.94 2.07 2.019
P/FCF 55.66 34.26 27.50 22.02 9.46 10.62 6.78 6.97 4.97 10.37 9.89 11.62 10.80 18.40 16.13 31.72 24.33 17.63 8.12 5.64 5.635
P/OCF 49.19 30.28 24.38 19.58 8.48 9.41 6.20 6.14 4.44 9.46 8.69 9.87 9.62 16.04 14.94 27.46 20.88 14.83 6.60 4.92 4.922
EV/EBITDA -39.37 25.30 19.88 13.66 3.61 4.78 3.42 4.36 5.71 13.03 10.14 6.32 6.55 8.05 8.46 11.88 8.29 6.75 3.24 3.71 3.705
EV/Revenue 5.40 4.22 2.73 1.98 0.83 0.77 0.56 0.62 0.55 1.30 1.17 0.95 1.11 1.48 1.77 2.65 2.03 1.60 0.72 0.75 0.745
EV/EBIT -37.68 27.97 22.60 16.75 4.34 7.54 5.72 10.85 39.34 71.61 35.49 12.28 10.68 11.01 10.28 13.60 9.11 7.56 3.66 4.36 4.356
EV/FCF 52.63 33.53 27.05 21.29 9.25 11.26 7.28 7.21 4.88 10.08 9.80 11.95 10.80 18.24 15.92 31.68 23.28 17.28 7.80 5.23 5.228
Earnings Yield 2.4% 3.6% 5.8% 6.3% 13.0% 9.0% 7.8% 0.9% 0.7% 0.6% 1.7% 6.2% 7.2% 6.9% 7.3% 5.5% 7.9% 9.9% 20.9% 17.4% 17.39%
FCF Yield 1.8% 2.9% 3.6% 4.5% 10.6% 9.4% 14.8% 14.3% 20.1% 9.6% 10.1% 8.6% 9.3% 5.4% 6.2% 3.2% 4.1% 5.7% 12.3% 17.7% 17.74%
Price/Tangible Book snapshot only 2.449
EV/OCF snapshot only 4.566
EV/Gross Profit snapshot only 1.870
Acquirers Multiple snapshot only 4.239
Shareholder Yield snapshot only 10.31%
Graham Number snapshot only $2.75
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Current Ratio 3.97 4.15 5.56 4.66 4.81 2.32 4.72 4.42 6.26 3.79 3.97 4.05 4.25 3.52 3.65 3.46 7.93 3.53 7.45 4.15 4.148
Quick Ratio 2.14 2.16 3.28 2.71 2.51 1.03 2.30 1.80 3.10 1.77 1.79 1.69 2.06 1.56 1.63 1.42 4.45 1.88 4.07 2.53 2.530
Debt/Equity 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.02 0.07 0.18 0.15 0.14 0.11 0.09 0.09 0.18 0.16 0.12 0.12 0.10 0.06 0.14 0.12 0.12 0.115
Net Debt/Equity -0.25 -0.15 -0.05 -0.12 -0.03 0.08 0.08 0.04 -0.02 -0.10 -0.03 0.07 -0.00 -0.04 -0.08 -0.01 -0.24 -0.09 -0.08 -0.15 -0.150
Debt/Assets 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.02 0.05 0.12 0.12 0.11 0.09 0.07 0.07 0.13 0.11 0.09 0.08 0.07 0.05 0.10 0.10 0.09 0.086
Debt/EBITDA -0.00 0.00 0.23 0.10 0.17 0.59 0.43 0.51 0.46 0.37 0.30 0.46 0.30 0.22 0.17 0.13 0.09 0.22 0.21 0.22 0.222
Net Debt/EBITDA 2.27 -0.55 -0.33 -0.47 -0.08 0.27 0.24 0.15 -0.11 -0.38 -0.09 0.17 -0.00 -0.07 -0.11 -0.02 -0.38 -0.14 -0.13 -0.29 -0.289
Interest Coverage -201.38 156.57 117.40 66.92 64.31 21.64 15.64 7.53 2.14 2.80 8.25 23.71 27.86 47.07 40.95 48.16 59.98 44.65 42.28 28.51 28.514
Equity Multiplier 1.31 1.30 1.19 1.22 1.22 1.42 1.30 1.30 1.23 1.33 1.32 1.37 1.36 1.41 1.39 1.39 1.17 1.43 1.22 1.33 1.334
Cash Ratio snapshot only 1.156
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 33.523
Cash to Debt snapshot only 2.304
FCF to Debt snapshot only 3.196
Defensive Interval snapshot only 362.3 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.60 1.28 0.91 1.41 2.01 1.87 1.72 1.52 1.87 1.74 1.82 1.96 2.34 2.46 2.73 2.80 2.79 2.46 2.53 2.30 2.301
Inventory Turnover 0.89 1.80 2.32 3.38 3.80 3.30 4.21 3.40 4.43 3.82 3.98 3.67 4.91 4.27 4.35 4.02 4.72 4.01 4.23 3.91 3.911
Receivables Turnover 4.38 3.62 3.68 5.77 10.17 7.59 7.74 7.27 9.56 9.28 9.53 10.68 12.98 12.40 15.71 12.56 16.38 11.68 14.84 10.11 10.109
Payables Turnover 2.70 4.57 16.01 7.33 22.02 10.30 44.36 9.93 45.86 10.79 48.69 13.54 57.91 10.59 53.63 10.88 52.50 8.96 48.24 7.74 7.738
DSO 83 101 99 63 36 48 47 50 38 39 38 34 28 29 23 29 22 31 25 36 36.1 days
DIO 409 202 157 108 96 111 87 107 82 96 92 99 74 85 84 91 77 91 86 93 93.3 days
DPO 135 80 23 50 17 35 8 37 8 34 7 27 6 34 7 34 7 41 8 47 47.2 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 357 224 234 121 115 123 126 121 113 101 123 107 96 80 100 86 93 82 103 82 82.3 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 16.637
Operating Cycle snapshot only 129.4 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 9.735
Capital Intensity snapshot only 0.517
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue — — — — 5.1% 1.6% 96.0% 10.4% 29.6% 24.1% 5.2% 35.7% 27.3% 48.6% 70.2% 71.0% 67.6% 54.0% 34.5% 15.5% 15.52%
Net Income — — — — 3.8% 9.1% -50.3% -95.2% -95.2% -85.8% -47.8% 12.8% 23.9% 19.6% 10.0% 3.4% 2.5% 1.4% 61.7% 10.5% 10.54%
EPS — — — — 2.9% -6.8% -57.6% -95.2% -95.2% -85.9% -47.8% 12.7% 23.8% 19.6% 10.0% 3.3% 2.4% 1.3% 54.7% 6.3% 6.34%
FCF — — — — 4.4% 42.1% 49.5% 2.1% 62.6% 1.3% 63.1% 25.4% 16.6% -6.4% 58.7% 79.9% 42.4% 75.4% 12.2% 97.2% 97.22%
EBITDA — — — — 11.3% 1.5% 1.3% 8.4% -45.8% -23.2% -25.9% 43.3% 1.3% 1.7% 2.1% 1.5% 1.4% 98.1% 43.7% 4.4% 4.37%
Op. Income — — — — 3.5% 11.5% -39.2% -77.9% -79.5% -58.3% -41.1% 1.5% 4.8% 5.9% 7.3% 4.5% 2.5% 1.4% 52.3% 2.4% 2.44%
OCF Growth snapshot only 95.45%
Asset Growth snapshot only 46.65%
Equity Growth snapshot only 52.97%
Debt Growth snapshot only 83.62%
Shares Change snapshot only 3.94%
Dividend Growth snapshot only 53.22%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.2% 68.8% 52.0% 36.8% 40.4% 41.6% 34.0% 38.9% 38.90%
Revenue 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EPS 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 66.9% 39.5% 34.4% 41.7% 59.0% 87.6% 1.1% 3.0% 2.98%
EPS 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Net Income 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 79.5% 47.2% 42.0% 42.3% 61.7% 91.1% 1.1% 3.1% 3.05%
Net Income 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EBITDA 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 74.4% 74.9% 57.9% 43.6% 60.9% 48.7% 55.9% 55.95%
EBITDA 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Gross Profit 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 95.4% 57.3% 46.3% 35.5% 42.5% 46.2% 43.4% 54.3% 54.30%
Gross Profit 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Op. Income 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 74.7% 47.4% 43.5% 44.1% 61.2% 89.8% 94.9% 1.4% 1.40%
Op. Income 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
FCF 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.2% 45.9% 57.0% 32.1% 39.2% 56.5% 42.7% 64.5% 64.47%
FCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
OCF 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.2% 46.5% 54.7% 33.3% 41.3% 59.3% 48.4% 65.0% 64.95%
OCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Assets 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 40.0% 41.1% 10.5% 13.6% 19.6% 24.0% 23.8% 27.2% 27.21%
Assets 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Equity 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 38.3% 37.2% 5.0% 8.9% 21.3% 23.8% 26.4% 26.2% 26.15%
Book Value 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 28.6% 30.0% -0.6% 8.4% 19.3% 21.5% 24.2% 24.0% 23.97%
Dividend 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 9.0% 11.1% 11.7% 17.5% 12.0% 11.8% 14.8% 14.8% 14.76%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue Stability — — — — — — — — 0.93 0.94 0.82 0.90 0.94 0.98 0.91 0.84 0.89 0.93 0.92 0.96 0.961
Earnings Stability — — — — — — — — 0.02 0.67 0.96 0.12 0.21 0.32 0.34 0.44 0.59 0.65 0.67 0.67 0.666
Margin Stability — — — — — — — — 0.80 0.76 0.77 0.81 0.81 0.80 0.81 0.83 0.82 0.80 0.81 0.81 0.811
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
FCF Positive Streak 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Earnings Persistence — — — — — — — — 0.50 0.50 0.81 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.96 0.958
Earnings Smoothness — — — — 0.00 0.91 0.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.37 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.18 0.53 0.90 0.900
ROE Trend — — — — — — — — -0.14 -0.17 -0.08 0.03 0.14 0.25 0.36 0.42 0.31 0.28 0.17 0.04 0.036
Gross Margin Trend — — — — — — — — -0.11 -0.13 -0.11 -0.07 -0.03 0.02 0.07 0.09 0.11 0.12 0.10 0.08 0.083
FCF Margin Trend — — — — — — — — 0.02 0.03 0.03 -0.01 0.00 -0.02 0.01 0.00 -0.02 -0.01 -0.02 0.06 0.061
Sustainable Growth Rate 7.7% 17.5% 12.0% 12.8% 12.5% 5.4% -5.7% -9.7% -13.2% -13.1% -12.0% -1.4% 0.5% 12.3% 23.3% 33.3% 34.2% 33.7% 25.0% 17.8% 17.77%
Internal Growth Rate 6.3% 15.6% 11.2% 11.7% 11.2% 4.1% — — — — — — 0.4% 9.9% 20.8% 31.7% 38.3% 31.0% 24.2% 15.1% 15.06%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 0.83 0.91 0.71 0.80 0.91 1.18 2.06 17.31 30.80 18.90 6.70 1.63 1.45 0.90 0.92 0.66 0.60 0.68 0.72 1.17 1.168
FCF/OCF 0.88 0.88 0.89 0.89 0.90 0.89 0.91 0.88 0.89 0.91 0.88 0.85 0.89 0.87 0.93 0.87 0.86 0.84 0.81 0.87 0.873
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 1.020
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.812
CapEx/Revenue 1.3% 1.7% 1.3% 1.2% 1.0% 0.9% 0.7% 1.2% 1.3% 1.2% 1.6% 1.4% 1.3% 1.2% 0.9% 1.3% 1.4% 1.7% 2.1% 2.1% 2.07%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 0.688
Accruals Ratio 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.04 0.02 -0.02 -0.07 -0.14 -0.23 -0.23 -0.21 -0.07 -0.08 0.03 0.03 0.14 0.19 0.13 0.11 -0.05 -0.054
Sloan Accruals snapshot only 0.119
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 1.578
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 0.750
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Dividend Yield 0.7% 1.2% 1.8% 2.7% 7.1% 6.1% 13.0% 9.4% 11.1% 4.6% 6.0% 6.8% 7.0% 4.5% 3.8% 2.3% 3.2% 4.0% 10.7% 10.3% 6.67%
Dividend/Share $0.01 $0.02 $0.03 $0.05 $0.05 $0.04 $0.08 $0.06 $0.07 $0.07 $0.08 $0.08 $0.12 $0.12 $0.14 $0.13 $0.16 $0.16 $0.21 $0.21 $0.13
Payout Ratio 29.8% 32.6% 31.1% 42.6% 54.4% 68.1% 1.7% 10.0% 15.1% 8.3% 3.5% 1.1% 98.1% 64.9% 51.9% 41.1% 41.0% 40.2% 51.2% 59.3% 59.26%
FCF Payout Ratio 40.6% 40.6% 49.6% 59.6% 67.0% 65.2% 87.8% 65.4% 55.0% 48.1% 59.2% 78.8% 76.0% 82.9% 61.3% 71.9% 79.0% 69.9% 87.0% 58.1% 58.08%
Total Payout Ratio 29.8% 32.6% 31.1% 42.6% 54.4% 68.1% 1.7% 10.0% 15.1% 8.3% 3.5% 1.1% 98.1% 64.9% 51.9% 41.1% 41.0% 40.2% 51.2% 59.3% 59.26%
Div. Increase Streak 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Chowder Number — — — — 7.91 1.34 1.77 0.22 0.45 0.77 0.16 0.58 0.68 0.66 0.68 0.67 0.51 0.52 0.70 0.70 0.696
Buyback Yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
Net Buyback Yield -8.3% -13.4% -13.1% -11.4% -18.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% -0.0% -0.0% -0.0% -0.1% -0.2% -0.2% -3.9% -4.8% -9.8% -9.1% -9.08%
Total Shareholder Return -7.5% -12.2% -11.3% -8.7% -11.1% 6.1% 13.0% 9.4% 11.1% 4.6% 6.0% 6.8% 7.0% 4.4% 3.6% 2.0% -0.6% -0.9% 0.9% 1.2% 1.23%
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.71 0.77 0.78 0.77 0.79 0.78 0.76 0.57 0.55 0.64 0.70 0.77 0.80 0.79 0.78 0.77 0.77 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.783
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) -1.37 1.36 1.71 1.42 0.74 0.82 0.55 0.17 0.53 0.64 0.88 0.96 0.96 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 1.03 1.04 1.043
EBIT Margin -0.14 0.15 0.12 0.12 0.19 0.10 0.10 0.06 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.08 0.10 0.13 0.17 0.19 0.22 0.21 0.20 0.17 0.171
Asset Turnover 0.60 1.28 0.91 1.41 2.01 1.87 1.72 1.52 1.87 1.74 1.82 1.96 2.34 2.46 2.73 2.80 2.79 2.46 2.53 2.30 2.301
Equity Multiplier 1.31 1.30 1.19 1.22 1.24 1.39 1.25 1.26 1.23 1.38 1.31 1.34 1.30 1.38 1.36 1.38 1.23 1.42 1.28 1.36 1.357
Per Share
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $0.03 $0.07 $0.11 $0.12 $0.10 $0.06 $0.05 $0.01 $0.00 $0.01 $0.02 $0.08 $0.12 $0.18 $0.26 $0.33 $0.40 $0.40 $0.40 $0.35 $0.35
Book Value/Share $0.23 $0.25 $0.62 $0.51 $0.53 $0.50 $0.52 $0.51 $0.49 $0.46 $0.47 $0.51 $0.49 $0.56 $0.61 $0.66 $0.91 $0.91 $0.99 $0.96 $0.97
Tangible Book/Share $0.20 $0.23 $0.33 $0.29 $0.32 $0.21 $0.24 $0.34 $0.33 $0.32 $0.35 $0.40 $0.39 $0.46 $0.51 $0.56 $0.82 $0.75 $0.85 $0.82 $0.82
Revenue/Share $0.18 $0.42 $0.67 $0.89 $0.90 $0.94 $1.12 $0.98 $1.17 $1.16 $1.18 $1.32 $1.48 $1.72 $1.99 $2.24 $2.37 $2.51 $2.56 $2.49 $1.19
FCF/Share $0.02 $0.05 $0.07 $0.08 $0.08 $0.06 $0.09 $0.08 $0.13 $0.15 $0.14 $0.11 $0.15 $0.14 $0.22 $0.19 $0.21 $0.23 $0.24 $0.35 $0.18
OCF/Share $0.02 $0.06 $0.08 $0.09 $0.09 $0.07 $0.09 $0.10 $0.15 $0.16 $0.16 $0.12 $0.17 $0.16 $0.24 $0.22 $0.24 $0.28 $0.29 $0.41 $0.21
Cash/Share $0.06 $0.04 $0.05 $0.07 $0.05 $0.05 $0.04 $0.05 $0.06 $0.09 $0.05 $0.06 $0.08 $0.09 $0.12 $0.07 $0.27 $0.21 $0.20 $0.26 $0.26
EBITDA/Share $-0.02 $0.07 $0.09 $0.13 $0.21 $0.15 $0.18 $0.14 $0.11 $0.12 $0.14 $0.20 $0.25 $0.32 $0.42 $0.50 $0.58 $0.59 $0.57 $0.50 $0.50
Debt/Share $0.00 $0.00 $0.02 $0.01 $0.04 $0.09 $0.08 $0.07 $0.05 $0.04 $0.04 $0.09 $0.08 $0.07 $0.07 $0.06 $0.05 $0.13 $0.12 $0.11 $0.11
Net Debt/Share $-0.06 $-0.04 $-0.03 $-0.06 $-0.02 $0.04 $0.04 $0.02 $-0.01 $-0.04 $-0.01 $0.03 $-0.00 $-0.02 $-0.05 $-0.01 $-0.22 $-0.08 $-0.08 $-0.14 $-0.14
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 7.699
Altman Z-Prime snapshot only 12.989
Piotroski F-Score 3 3 3 3 5 4 4 5 6 6 6 6 6 5 5 6 7 6 5 5 5
Beneish M-Score — — — — -286.18 -1.13 -16.67 -2.93 -2.94 -3.76 -3.80 -2.66 -2.79 -1.88 -2.17 -1.36 -1.69 -1.46 -1.45 -2.16 -2.159
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -11.052
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 50.34%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $0.60
EVA snapshot only $21089149.40
Credit
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only AAA
Credit Score 60.60 89.00 94.94 95.26 94.96 94.48 92.84 87.59 75.48 74.98 87.16 94.24 94.56 94.28 93.51 93.71 94.36 94.07 94.07 95.33 95.328
Credit Grade snapshot only 1
Credit Trend snapshot only 1.617
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 50.000
Industry Credit Rank snapshot only 88
Sector Credit Rank snapshot only 91

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