— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: 0288.HK (HKSE) · $vol 39M · WHGRF (OTC) · $vol 0M

WHGLY OTC

WH Group Limited
1W: +2.2% 1M: -8.7% 3M: -21.4% YTD: -24.4% 1Y: -19.4% 3Y: +88.5% 5Y: +56.1%
$16.91
+0.02 (+0.12%)
 
Weekly Expected Move ±4.8%
$15 $16 $17 $18 $19
OTC · Consumer Defensive · Packaged Foods · Tech Score Neutral · Power 38 · $10.8B mcap · 373M float · 0.016% daily turnover · Short 51% of daily vol

Analyst Insights

Wall Street analyst consensus based on price targets and buy/sell/hold recommendations from institutional research coverage over the trailing 12 months.

Analyst Price Targets
Analyst Recommendations
Strong Buy: 0Buy: 0Hold: 1Sell: 0Strong Sell: 0
Rating Summary
ConsensusHold
Avg Target$—
Analysts0

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

A+
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
5
ROE
4
ROA
5
D/E
2
P/E
4
P/B
4
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. WHGLY receives an overall rating of A+. Strongest factors: DCF (5/5), ROE (4/5), ROA (5/5), P/E (4/5), P/B (4/5). Areas of concern: D/E (2/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-10-01 A A+
2026-07-01 A+ A
2026-06-04 A A+
2026-05-06 A+ A
2026-04-21 A A+
2026-03-26 A+ A
2026-02-27 A A+
2026-02-26 A+ A
2026-02-20 A A+
2026-02-19 A+ A

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 72 Grade A
Profitability
51
Balance Sheet
84
Earnings Quality
80
Growth
62
Value
88
Momentum
88
Safety
100
Cash Flow
71
The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. WHGLY scores highest in Safety (100/100) and lowest in Profitability (51/100). An overall grade of A places WHGLY among the highest-quality companies in its peer group.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
4.75
Safe Zone
Piotroski F-Score
5/9
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✗ ✓ ✗ ✗
Beneish M-Score
-2.19
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-10.08
Bankruptcy prob: 0.0%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
AAA
Score: 95.5/100
Trend: Deteriorating
Earnings Quality
75/100
OCF/NI: 1.56x
Accruals: -8.5%
The Altman Z-Score (1968) combines five ratios — working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, market value of equity, and sales, all relative to total assets or liabilities — into a single bankruptcy predictor. WHGLY scores 4.75, placing it in the Safe Zone (safe > 2.99, distress < 1.81). Bankruptcy is statistically unlikely within the next two years. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. WHGLY scores 5/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. WHGLY's score of -2.19 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. WHGLY's implied 0.0% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. WHGLY receives an estimated rating of AAA (score: 95.5/100), with a deteriorating trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). WHGLY's score of 75/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
7.01x
PEG
-0.91x
P/S
0.38x
P/B
0.97x
P/FCF
3.60x
P/OCF
2.77x
EV/EBITDA
2.64x
EV/Revenue
0.26x
EV/EBIT
3.47x
EV/FCF
3.88x
Earnings Yield
23.21%
FCF Yield
27.75%
Shareholder Yield
20.39%
Graham Number
$43.96
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 7.0x earnings, WHGLY trades at a deep value multiple. An earnings yield of 23.2% exceeds typical risk-free rates, suggesting equities are being compensated for risk. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $43.96 per share, suggesting a potential 160% margin of safety at the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.642
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
1.167
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.076
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
2.687
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
1.948
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
29.9%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. WHGLY's ROE of 29.9% is driven by Asset Turnover (2.687), indicating efficient use of assets to generate revenue.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
15.00%
Fair P/E
38.50x
Intrinsic Value
$190.08
Price/Value
0.11x
Margin of Safety
88.81%
Premium
-88.81%
Assessment
Undervalued
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with WHGLY's realized 15.0% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. WHGLY actually compounded EPS at 18.2% over three years; the model uses 15%, the highest rate it will extrapolate — of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it over the following seven years. At an intrinsic value of $190.08, WHGLY appears undervalued with a 89% margin of safety. The adjusted fair P/E of 38.5x compares to the current market P/E of 7.0x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$16.91
Median 1Y
$16.76
5th Pctile
$9.79
95th Pctile
$28.59
Ann. Volatility
33.1%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
ROE 31.8% 34.2% 32.8% 31.4% 29.5% 28.0% 29.9% 26.7% 25.8% 25.3% 21.8% 25.9% 24.1% 21.2% 18.9% 18.7% 20.5% 23.8% 30.3% 29.9% 29.85%
ROA 12.9% 14.8% 14.7% 14.9% 14.4% 13.7% 14.8% 13.8% 13.5% 13.1% 10.3% 12.7% 12.3% 11.0% 9.1% 9.2% 10.5% 12.2% 15.5% 15.3% 15.32%
ROIC 31.4% 30.5% 34.9% 32.0% 28.7% 22.7% 22.9% 24.2% 22.6% 24.3% 19.1% 20.8% 23.0% 15.6% 16.2% 15.7% 19.7% 25.7% 27.9% 25.2% 25.21%
ROCE 33.2% 35.3% 34.6% 34.1% 28.4% 22.6% 23.3% 23.4% 19.9% 23.5% 18.6% 21.9% 24.5% 28.1% 25.2% 25.8% 27.5% 25.0% 26.7% 25.8% 25.77%
Gross Margin 22.0% 21.9% 22.0% 19.5% 17.9% 17.9% 21.1% 17.0% 13.2% 18.4% 15.0% 20.4% 13.4% 11.6% 17.0% 23.0% 18.7% 20.0% 14.1% 19.6% 19.57%
Operating Margin 9.6% 9.8% 9.2% 6.7% 4.6% 4.9% 10.1% 6.1% 2.3% 8.1% 4.4% 9.6% 3.9% 0.7% 4.1% 11.1% 7.2% 9.3% 4.3% 8.2% 8.24%
Net Margin 4.4% 5.2% 4.9% 4.6% 3.8% 5.1% 6.9% 2.5% 3.9% 4.9% 3.0% 5.7% 3.6% 3.2% 0.3% 6.4% 6.1% 5.9% 5.3% 5.6% 5.57%
EBITDA Margin 11.3% 11.6% 10.9% 8.6% 6.6% 6.9% 11.8% 8.1% 4.2% 10.1% 6.4% 12.0% 4.9% 14.2% 1.3% 14.5% 10.1% 12.3% 6.8% 11.2% 11.15%
FCF Margin 5.2% 4.9% 5.3% 4.5% 3.1% 3.6% 2.5% 4.9% 5.1% 4.8% 5.4% 2.7% 3.4% 2.6% 3.1% 4.5% 5.0% 6.8% 6.9% 6.8% 6.82%
OCF Margin 8.1% 7.4% 7.7% 7.0% 6.2% 6.8% 5.8% 7.9% 7.7% 7.2% 8.2% 5.8% 6.8% 6.2% 6.3% 7.6% 7.8% 9.1% 9.1% 8.9% 8.88%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 24.03%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 25.00%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 11.82%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 19.70%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 20.57%
Cash ROA snapshot only 22.01%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 40.40%
CROIC snapshot only 31.01%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 5.54%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 8.89%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.73%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 10.07%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
P/E Ratio 4.05 4.61 5.39 3.90 3.78 5.06 4.53 4.23 4.03 4.27 3.46 3.36 2.51 2.72 4.03 4.21 4.32 4.88 4.48 4.31 7.012
P/S Ratio 0.17 0.22 0.27 0.19 0.17 0.23 0.23 0.19 0.19 0.20 0.12 0.15 0.11 0.11 0.13 0.14 0.17 0.23 0.26 0.25 0.381
P/B Ratio 1.17 1.44 1.57 1.11 1.01 1.27 1.26 1.03 0.92 0.96 0.75 0.87 0.62 0.60 0.72 0.75 0.84 1.09 1.27 1.22 0.971
P/FCF 3.34 4.54 5.04 4.14 5.60 6.43 9.32 3.97 3.61 4.05 2.31 5.42 3.13 4.04 4.24 3.11 3.41 3.37 3.84 3.60 3.604
P/OCF 2.13 2.98 3.48 2.65 2.83 3.39 4.01 2.46 2.42 2.70 1.52 2.51 1.58 1.69 2.07 1.87 2.22 2.49 2.90 2.77 2.766
EV/EBITDA 2.19 2.64 2.81 2.31 2.40 3.63 3.35 2.72 2.56 2.52 2.43 2.55 1.75 1.71 2.08 2.18 1.95 2.67 2.53 2.64 2.637
EV/Revenue 0.21 0.28 0.31 0.24 0.23 0.30 0.29 0.23 0.20 0.22 0.18 0.21 0.14 0.16 0.17 0.19 0.19 0.25 0.27 0.26 0.265
EV/EBIT 2.68 3.16 3.33 2.78 2.98 4.70 4.30 3.51 3.40 3.26 3.35 3.42 2.20 2.13 2.48 2.59 2.39 3.30 3.27 3.47 3.473
EV/FCF 4.13 5.81 5.84 5.44 7.25 8.32 11.50 4.70 3.88 4.48 3.26 7.76 4.23 6.08 5.44 4.12 3.86 3.76 3.96 3.88 3.881
Earnings Yield 24.7% 21.7% 18.6% 25.6% 26.5% 19.8% 22.1% 23.7% 24.8% 23.4% 28.9% 29.8% 39.9% 36.7% 24.8% 23.8% 23.1% 20.5% 22.3% 23.2% 23.21%
FCF Yield 30.0% 22.0% 19.8% 24.1% 17.8% 15.5% 10.7% 25.2% 27.7% 24.7% 43.3% 18.5% 31.9% 24.7% 23.6% 32.1% 29.3% 29.7% 26.1% 27.7% 27.75%
Price/Tangible Book snapshot only 1.891
EV/OCF snapshot only 2.979
EV/Gross Profit snapshot only 1.470
Acquirers Multiple snapshot only 3.675
Shareholder Yield snapshot only 20.39%
Graham Number snapshot only $43.96
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Current Ratio 1.46 1.57 1.62 1.58 1.64 1.69 1.73 1.82 1.93 1.73 1.67 1.71 1.61 1.64 1.57 1.75 1.87 1.89 1.90 1.69 1.687
Quick Ratio 0.67 0.65 0.79 0.66 0.75 0.65 0.70 0.91 1.02 0.83 0.82 0.73 0.76 0.66 0.70 0.74 0.95 1.04 1.14 0.99 0.995
Debt/Equity 0.46 0.51 0.43 0.45 0.41 0.47 0.41 0.39 0.32 0.32 0.51 0.50 0.41 0.41 0.38 0.38 0.35 0.40 0.37 0.44 0.440
Net Debt/Equity 0.28 0.40 0.25 0.35 0.30 0.37 0.29 0.19 0.07 0.10 0.31 0.38 0.22 0.31 0.20 0.24 0.11 0.13 0.04 0.09 0.094
Debt/Assets 0.21 0.24 0.21 0.23 0.21 0.24 0.21 0.21 0.17 0.17 0.23 0.23 0.20 0.21 0.19 0.20 0.19 0.21 0.19 0.22 0.219
Debt/EBITDA 0.69 0.74 0.67 0.72 0.74 1.03 0.89 0.88 0.82 0.75 1.18 1.01 0.85 0.78 0.85 0.84 0.72 0.87 0.71 0.88 0.881
Net Debt/EBITDA 0.42 0.58 0.38 0.55 0.54 0.82 0.64 0.42 0.17 0.25 0.71 0.77 0.45 0.57 0.46 0.53 0.23 0.28 0.08 0.19 0.188
Interest Coverage 35.91 91.55 96.17 143.09 123.56 46.67 32.28 30.90 21.70 25.88 20.94 33.06 54.40 122.54 43.41 24.24 18.34 13.20 15.30 19.27 19.270
Equity Multiplier 2.16 2.11 2.05 1.97 1.97 1.99 1.99 1.91 1.87 1.87 2.22 2.18 2.07 1.99 1.95 1.88 1.86 1.91 1.96 2.01 2.008
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.643
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 25.382
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.786
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.771
Defensive Interval snapshot only 325.5 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Asset Turnover 3.02 3.08 2.97 3.12 3.11 2.98 2.87 3.00 2.92 2.87 2.88 2.92 2.87 2.85 2.82 2.76 2.63 2.63 2.63 2.69 2.687
Inventory Turnover 12.36 12.21 12.51 12.19 12.85 11.14 10.94 12.16 12.35 10.41 11.27 11.27 11.71 10.58 11.54 10.41 10.45 10.05 11.06 11.06 11.064
Receivables Turnover 52.19 51.42 51.24 50.40 46.66 47.87 45.88 50.57 48.48 48.07 50.10 49.56 55.37 53.81 56.20 49.62 52.89 49.71 46.48 46.60 46.597
Payables Turnover 40.06 57.15 36.51 65.36 39.15 53.76 35.13 65.64 43.51 51.09 40.03 56.88 40.01 52.29 38.42 47.20 33.02 45.25 33.52 44.46 44.457
DSO 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 7 8 8 7 7 7 7 6 7 7 7 8 8 7.8 days
DIO 30 30 29 30 28 33 33 30 30 35 32 32 31 34 32 35 35 36 33 33 33.0 days
DPO 9 6 10 6 9 7 10 6 8 7 9 6 9 7 9 8 11 8 11 8 8.2 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 27 31 26 32 27 34 31 32 29 36 31 33 29 34 29 35 31 36 30 33 32.6 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 7.378
Operating Cycle snapshot only 40.8 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 14.389
Capital Intensity snapshot only 0.404
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 2.7% 97.2% 33.4% 2.9% 5.2% 5.2% 6.4% 7.6% 10.5% 14.2% 13.2% 12.0% 11.5% 6.4% 2.8% -1.0% -5.9% -5.0% -0.7% 4.3% 4.27%
Net Income 6.8% 2.9% 1.1% 35.6% 13.9% 0.6% 11.0% 3.7% 10.5% 13.8% -21.3% 5.7% 3.1% -10.3% -7.2% -23.7% -12.1% 14.7% 80.9% 77.5% 77.54%
EPS 6.4% 2.9% 97.0% 31.0% 11.0% -2.6% 15.6% 3.7% 9.8% 13.8% -13.9% 22.0% 18.7% 3.4% -2.1% -23.7% -12.1% 14.7% 80.9% 77.5% 77.54%
FCF 1.1% 1.2% 20.9% -1.3% -36.8% -22.1% -49.5% 17.1% 82.8% 52.6% 1.4% -38.3% -26.0% -42.7% -41.1% 66.1% 39.0% 1.5% 1.2% 57.1% 57.11%
EBITDA 2.1% 1.2% 49.6% 10.2% 1.1% -18.8% -16.7% -13.8% -8.3% 18.3% -5.0% 8.3% 18.3% 14.4% 14.5% 3.1% 13.4% -2.3% 32.9% 22.6% 22.62%
Op. Income 1.9% 1.2% 53.6% 11.8% -0.4% -24.9% -22.9% -19.9% -14.1% 18.7% -11.7% 4.3% 22.3% -25.1% -9.6% -21.7% -16.3% 59.9% 69.1% 55.4% 55.35%
OCF Growth snapshot only 22.58%
Asset Growth snapshot only 18.48%
Equity Growth snapshot only 10.98%
Debt Growth snapshot only 28.61%
Shares Change snapshot only 0.00%
Dividend Growth snapshot only 1.52%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3Y — — — — — — — — 61.9% 33.3% 17.1% 7.5% 9.0% 8.5% 7.4% 6.1% 5.1% 4.9% 5.0% 5.0% 4.97%
Revenue 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 34.8% 19.1% 10.4% 5.1% 5.07%
EPS 3Y — — — — — — — — 1.1% 62.2% 25.2% 18.3% 13.1% 4.6% -0.9% -1.2% 4.6% 10.5% 15.1% 18.2% 18.24%
EPS 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 56.7% 38.3% 28.3% 17.6% 17.56%
Net Income 3Y — — — — — — — — 1.1% 64.1% 22.9% 14.1% 9.1% 0.9% -6.7% -5.8% 0.0% 5.4% 9.7% 12.7% 12.73%
Net Income 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 54.6% 35.4% 25.5% 15.0% 15.04%
EBITDA 3Y — — — — — — — — 41.7% 27.7% 5.8% 0.9% 3.1% 3.2% -3.2% -1.3% 7.2% 9.8% 13.1% 11.0% 11.03%
EBITDA 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 30.7% 18.4% 12.5% 5.4% 5.39%
Gross Profit 3Y — — — — — — — — 51.1% 28.1% 8.5% 1.3% 2.5% -3.0% -3.6% -3.5% -0.0% 5.3% 4.2% 4.0% 3.96%
Gross Profit 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 29.7% 19.1% 9.0% 2.9% 2.92%
Op. Income 3Y — — — — — — — — 35.4% 25.1% 1.5% -2.2% 1.5% -12.6% -15.0% -13.2% -4.2% 12.5% 10.5% 8.3% 8.26%
Op. Income 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 20.5% 18.6% 9.8% 2.6% 2.59%
FCF 3Y — — — — — — — — 35.0% 36.9% 14.0% -10.7% -5.1% -12.0% -10.3% 6.3% 23.4% 29.2% 46.9% 17.2% 17.18%
FCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 20.4% 29.4% 14.1% 13.2% 13.22%
OCF 3Y — — — — — — — — 36.9% 27.9% 11.6% -3.3% 2.8% 2.2% 0.6% 8.6% 13.5% 15.4% 21.8% 9.1% 9.06%
OCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 22.1% 21.7% 9.6% 7.4% 7.37%
Assets 3Y — — — — — — — — 8.3% 12.1% 10.7% 12.3% 13.4% 10.7% 7.9% 8.6% 9.1% 8.2% 8.2% 9.2% 9.15%
Assets 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 6.2% 8.3% 8.9% 10.1% 10.07%
Equity 3Y — — — — — — — — 24.9% 24.3% 14.9% 13.9% 15.0% 13.1% 9.7% 10.3% 11.2% 9.7% 8.8% 7.3% 7.27%
Book Value 3Y — — — — — — — — 21.9% 22.9% 17.0% 18.1% 19.2% 17.2% 16.6% 15.7% 16.3% 15.0% 14.1% 12.5% 12.52%
Dividend 3Y — — — — — — — — -11.2% -3.7% -1.1% 22.2% -9.7% -15.4% 1.1% 8.4% 27.6% 66.7% 55.5% 42.7% 42.73%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue Stability — — — — 0.80 0.82 0.89 0.93 0.75 0.84 0.94 0.92 0.97 0.97 0.95 0.87 0.80 0.81 0.87 0.92 0.921
Earnings Stability — — — — 0.85 0.76 0.87 0.84 0.79 0.73 0.37 0.82 0.73 0.56 0.13 0.10 0.55 0.57 0.45 0.47 0.466
Margin Stability — — — — 0.97 0.95 0.94 0.93 0.91 0.92 0.88 0.90 0.90 0.86 0.84 0.87 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.91 0.915
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.500
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.500
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Earnings Persistence — — — — 0.94 1.00 0.96 0.99 0.96 0.94 0.91 0.98 0.99 0.96 0.97 0.91 0.95 0.94 0.50 0.50 0.500
Earnings Smoothness 0.00 0.00 0.28 0.70 0.87 0.99 0.90 0.96 0.90 0.87 0.76 0.94 0.97 0.89 0.93 0.73 0.87 0.86 0.42 0.44 0.441
ROE Trend — — — — 0.10 0.05 0.04 -0.03 -0.05 -0.06 -0.07 -0.00 -0.00 -0.02 -0.07 -0.07 -0.04 -0.00 0.09 0.07 0.065
Gross Margin Trend — — — — -0.00 -0.01 -0.02 -0.02 -0.03 -0.03 -0.04 -0.03 -0.02 -0.03 -0.02 -0.02 0.01 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.016
FCF Margin Trend — — — — -0.04 -0.01 -0.03 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 -0.02 -0.01 -0.02 -0.01 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.032
Sustainable Growth Rate 25.1% 19.3% 18.3% 12.5% 11.2% 13.9% 17.3% 19.4% 14.9% 14.9% 11.1% 14.8% 17.5% 15.9% 10.3% 7.1% 9.0% 3.2% 5.4% 3.6% 3.63%
Internal Growth Rate 11.3% 9.1% 8.9% 6.3% 5.7% 7.3% 9.4% 11.1% 8.4% 8.4% 5.6% 7.8% 9.8% 9.0% 5.2% 3.7% 4.8% 1.7% 2.9% 1.9% 1.90%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 1.90 1.55 1.55 1.47 1.33 1.49 1.13 1.72 1.67 1.58 2.28 1.34 1.59 1.61 1.94 2.26 1.95 1.96 1.55 1.56 1.557
FCF/OCF 0.64 0.66 0.69 0.64 0.51 0.53 0.43 0.62 0.67 0.67 0.66 0.46 0.50 0.42 0.49 0.60 0.65 0.74 0.75 0.77 0.768
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 1.195
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.885
CapEx/Revenue 2.9% 2.6% 2.4% 2.5% 3.0% 3.2% 3.3% 3.0% 2.5% 2.4% 2.8% 3.1% 3.4% 3.6% 3.2% 3.1% 2.9% 2.6% 2.4% 2.2% 2.22%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 0.920
Accruals Ratio -0.12 -0.08 -0.08 -0.07 -0.05 -0.07 -0.02 -0.10 -0.09 -0.08 -0.13 -0.04 -0.07 -0.07 -0.09 -0.12 -0.10 -0.12 -0.08 -0.09 -0.085
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.012
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 1.228
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 0.750
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Dividend Yield 5.2% 9.5% 8.2% 15.4% 16.5% 9.9% 9.3% 6.5% 10.5% 9.6% 14.2% 12.7% 10.8% 9.1% 11.3% 14.7% 13.0% 17.7% 18.3% 20.4% 13.73%
Dividend/Share $0.54 $1.27 $1.24 $1.74 $1.76 $1.42 $1.37 $0.83 $1.32 $1.31 $1.38 $1.56 $1.00 $0.82 $1.25 $1.72 $1.82 $3.30 $4.07 $4.34 $2.32
Payout Ratio 21.1% 43.7% 44.1% 60.3% 62.2% 50.3% 42.2% 27.6% 42.5% 40.8% 49.1% 42.8% 27.2% 24.7% 45.5% 61.9% 56.3% 86.5% 82.0% 87.8% 87.84%
FCF Payout Ratio 17.4% 43.1% 41.3% 64.0% 92.3% 63.9% 86.9% 26.0% 38.1% 38.7% 32.8% 68.9% 34.0% 36.7% 47.9% 45.8% 44.5% 59.7% 70.3% 73.5% 73.48%
Total Payout Ratio 2.6% 3.9% 4.3% 4.8% 4.7% 3.9% 2.7% 2.4% 2.4% 1.5% 57.3% 1.2% 1.3% 1.2% 45.5% 61.9% 56.3% 86.5% 82.0% 87.8% 87.84%
Div. Increase Streak 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1
Chowder Number — — 11.51 3.48 2.52 0.26 0.16 -0.46 -0.14 0.02 0.06 0.76 -0.23 -0.37 -0.03 0.25 0.95 3.20 2.44 1.72 1.724
Buyback Yield 58.4% 75.9% 72.5% 1.1% 1.1% 66.8% 49.3% 49.6% 50.1% 26.5% 2.4% 21.9% 40.7% 33.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
Net Buyback Yield 58.4% 75.9% 72.4% 1.1% 1.1% 66.6% 49.0% 46.6% 44.4% 21.5% -5.4% 18.7% 40.7% 33.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
Total Shareholder Return 63.6% 85.4% 80.6% 1.2% 1.3% 76.5% 58.4% 53.1% 55.0% 31.0% 8.8% 31.4% 51.6% 42.4% 11.3% 14.7% 13.0% 17.7% 18.3% 20.4% 20.39%
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.61 0.62 0.68 0.70 0.71 0.74 0.70 0.68 0.68 0.67 0.63 0.64 0.59 0.58 0.52 0.53 0.60 0.60 0.65 0.64 0.642
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.88 0.87 0.79 0.78 0.86 0.97 1.11 1.02 1.15 1.02 1.09 1.10 1.10 0.90 0.92 0.88 0.82 1.00 1.09 1.17 1.167
EBIT Margin 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.07 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.076
Asset Turnover 3.02 3.08 2.97 3.12 3.11 2.98 2.87 3.00 2.92 2.87 2.88 2.92 2.87 2.85 2.82 2.76 2.63 2.63 2.63 2.69 2.687
Equity Multiplier 2.48 2.31 2.24 2.11 2.06 2.04 2.02 1.94 1.92 1.92 2.10 2.04 1.97 1.93 2.08 2.02 1.96 1.94 1.95 1.95 1.948
Per Share
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $2.55 $2.90 $2.81 $2.88 $2.83 $2.83 $3.25 $2.99 $3.10 $3.21 $2.80 $3.64 $3.68 $3.32 $2.74 $2.78 $3.24 $3.81 $4.96 $4.94 $4.94
Book Value/Share $8.83 $9.29 $9.66 $10.13 $10.55 $11.21 $11.73 $12.21 $13.55 $14.23 $12.92 $14.03 $14.96 $14.97 $15.32 $15.68 $16.62 $17.04 $17.44 $17.40 $20.01
Tangible Book/Share $3.99 $4.05 $5.01 $5.01 $5.67 $6.23 $6.78 $7.29 $8.44 $9.15 $7.27 $8.16 $9.18 $9.15 $9.48 $9.72 $10.70 $11.02 $11.35 $11.25 $11.25
Revenue/Share $59.79 $60.36 $56.97 $60.31 $61.29 $61.50 $63.12 $64.87 $67.28 $70.20 $78.12 $83.86 $86.40 $86.07 $84.76 $83.03 $81.34 $81.76 $84.19 $86.58 $44.32
FCF/Share $3.10 $2.94 $3.01 $2.71 $1.91 $2.22 $1.58 $3.18 $3.46 $3.39 $4.20 $2.26 $2.95 $2.24 $2.61 $3.76 $4.10 $5.52 $5.79 $5.90 $2.86
OCF/Share $4.84 $4.49 $4.36 $4.25 $3.77 $4.21 $3.67 $5.14 $5.17 $5.09 $6.37 $4.88 $5.86 $5.34 $5.33 $6.27 $6.31 $7.46 $7.66 $7.69 $3.78
Cash/Share $1.59 $1.04 $1.78 $1.06 $1.15 $1.07 $1.35 $2.50 $3.36 $3.02 $2.64 $1.65 $2.84 $1.59 $2.67 $2.18 $3.97 $4.64 $5.74 $6.02 $6.02
EBITDA/Share $5.84 $6.47 $6.26 $6.38 $5.76 $5.09 $5.43 $5.50 $5.24 $6.02 $5.64 $6.87 $7.14 $7.94 $6.81 $7.08 $8.10 $7.76 $9.06 $8.69 $8.69
Debt/Share $4.06 $4.78 $4.18 $4.58 $4.28 $5.26 $4.81 $4.82 $4.28 $4.51 $6.65 $6.96 $6.08 $6.16 $5.80 $5.95 $5.81 $6.78 $6.43 $7.65 $7.65
Net Debt/Share $2.46 $3.73 $2.40 $3.52 $3.13 $4.19 $3.46 $2.32 $0.92 $1.48 $4.01 $5.30 $3.23 $4.57 $3.13 $3.77 $1.84 $2.14 $0.69 $1.64 $1.64
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 4.748
Altman Z-Prime snapshot only 5.303
Piotroski F-Score 7 7 7 6 6 5 7 5 5 8 5 6 7 5 7 8 7 7 7 5 5
Beneish M-Score -3.18 -2.86 -2.55 -2.57 -2.17 -2.54 -2.48 -2.88 -2.79 -2.65 -2.82 -2.45 -2.49 -2.72 -3.12 -3.37 -2.76 -2.40 -2.10 -2.19 -2.186
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -10.085
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 36.31%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $0.85
EVA snapshot only $1856700063.57
Credit
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only AAA
Credit Score 96.75 96.75 96.75 96.75 94.60 92.10 93.60 96.75 97.75 97.75 95.25 92.10 93.60 93.60 93.60 96.75 95.50 94.25 95.50 95.50 95.500
Credit Grade snapshot only 1
Credit Trend snapshot only -1.250
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 50.000

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