— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: AIR.PA (PAR) · $vol 230M · AIR.DE (XETRA) · $vol 52M · EADSF (OTC) · $vol 1M

EADSY OTC

Airbus SE
1W: -3.5% 1M: -6.3% 3M: -11.2% YTD: -10.8% 1Y: -9.1% 3Y: +68.3% 5Y: +66.1%
$53.19
+1.21 (+2.33%)
 
Weekly Expected Move ±2.9%
$50 $52 $53 $55 $56
OTC · Industrials · Aerospace & Defense · Tech Score Sell · Power 38 · $167.5B mcap · 584M float · 0.078% daily turnover · Short 55% of daily vol

Analyst Insights

Wall Street analyst consensus based on price targets and buy/sell/hold recommendations from institutional research coverage over the trailing 12 months.

Analyst Price Targets
Analyst Recommendations
Strong Buy: 0Buy: 4Hold: 2Sell: 0Strong Sell: 0
Rating Summary
ConsensusBuy
Avg Target$—
Analysts0
Price Target Change History
DateFirmAnalystOldNewChangeUpside @ CallStock@Call
2024-06-21 Bernstein George Zhao Initiated $51 — +28.7% $39.64

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

B+
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
4
ROE
5
ROA
5
D/E
1
P/E
2
P/B
1
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. EADSY receives an overall rating of B+. Strongest factors: DCF (4/5), ROE (5/5), ROA (5/5). Areas of concern: D/E (1/5), P/E (2/5), P/B (1/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-10-01 B B+
2026-05-26 B+ B
2026-05-11 A- B+
2026-05-04 B+ A-
2026-05-01 B B+
2026-02-21 B- B
2026-02-02 B B-
2026-01-22 B- B
2026-01-03 B B-

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ — Grade A
Profitability
43
Balance Sheet
61
Earnings Quality
82
Growth
63
Value
—
Momentum
89
Safety
—
Cash Flow
62

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
—
—
Piotroski F-Score
6/9
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✗ ✗ ✓ ✓
Beneish M-Score
-2.27
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-7.17
Bankruptcy prob: 0.1%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
A
Score: 72.1/100
Trend: Improving
Earnings Quality
100/100
OCF/NI: 1.48x
Accruals: -2.2%
The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. EADSY scores 6/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. EADSY's score of -2.27 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. EADSY's implied 0.1% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. EADSY receives an estimated rating of A (score: 72.1/100), with a improving trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). EADSY's score of 100/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
25.17x
PEG
1.23x
P/S
1.95x
P/B
5.77x
P/FCF
—
P/OCF
—
EV/EBITDA
—
EV/Revenue
—
EV/EBIT
—
EV/FCF
—
Earnings Yield
—
FCF Yield
—
Shareholder Yield
—
Graham Number
$18.65
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 25.2x earnings, EADSY commands a growth premium. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $18.65 per share, 185% below the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.827
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
1.123
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.083
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.577
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
5.478
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
24.3%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. EADSY's ROE of 24.3% is driven by financial leverage (equity multiplier: 5.48x). Note: high leverage means ROE is amplified by debt rather than operational performance.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
15.00%
Fair P/E
38.50x
Intrinsic Value
$72.60
Price/Value
—
Margin of Safety
—
Premium
—
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with EADSY's realized 15.0% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. EADSY actually compounded EPS at 15.4% over three years; the model uses 15%, the highest rate it will extrapolate — of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it over the following seven years. EADSY trades at a premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $72.60, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 38.5x compares to the current market P/E of 25.2x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$53.19
Median 1Y
$52.62
5th Pctile
$26.16
95th Pctile
$106.23
Ann. Volatility
40.2%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
ROE 78.3% 53.0% 56.6% 43.3% 54.7% 37.9% 27.5% 32.5% 37.1% 24.7% 23.8% 19.5% 19.0% 22.7% 21.9% 24.9% 21.9% 22.7% 20.8% 24.3% 24.33%
ROA 3.8% 3.9% 4.6% 3.5% 3.6% 3.8% 3.1% 3.3% 3.3% 3.2% 3.3% 2.6% 2.7% 3.4% 3.5% 3.9% 4.0% 3.9% 3.7% 4.4% 4.44%
ROIC 71.2% 61.6% 72.9% 89.7% 3.6% 78.7% 44.2% 47.4% 45.8% 31.7% 28.6% 18.3% 17.2% 31.3% 23.7% 18.8% 14.4% 16.2% 15.1% 17.8% 17.76%
ROCE 9.4% 8.8% 10.5% 8.8% 8.5% 8.7% 7.2% 7.7% 8.5% 8.0% 8.5% 7.3% 7.5% 9.2% 9.2% 10.2% 10.8% 8.9% 7.3% 8.8% 8.79%
Gross Margin 17.0% 18.1% 21.2% 18.6% 16.1% 17.0% 14.1% 18.0% 13.8% 15.2% 15.1% 14.0% 15.7% 16.3% 13.9% 14.8% 16.4% 14.6% 12.3% 18.4% 18.43%
Operating Margin 6.0% 9.7% 13.9% 9.2% 4.9% 9.6% 6.0% 10.2% 7.7% 7.6% 4.7% 4.5% 7.1% 10.0% 4.0% 6.2% 9.2% 7.9% 1.5% 11.4% 11.36%
Net Margin 3.8% 9.3% 10.2% 5.3% 5.0% 8.1% 4.0% 6.7% 5.4% 6.4% 4.6% 1.4% 6.3% 9.8% 5.9% 4.6% 6.3% 9.9% 4.6% 8.1% 8.07%
EBITDA Margin 11.7% 13.8% 18.8% 13.3% 10.5% 14.8% 7.5% 12.5% 8.5% 10.4% 8.1% 9.4% 12.9% 16.5% 14.1% 11.5% 13.8% 12.6% 6.9% 14.6% 14.55%
FCF Margin 12.8% 5.2% 3.4% 3.8% 4.8% 6.5% 4.6% 6.2% 3.4% 4.9% 3.4% 1.9% 2.5% 5.7% 7.8% 3.5% 5.0% 5.3% 2.3% 6.2% 6.17%
OCF Margin 16.1% 8.9% 6.8% 7.4% 8.4% 10.7% 9.1% 10.8% 7.9% 9.6% 8.0% 6.8% 7.7% 11.0% 13.2% 8.8% 10.3% 10.6% 7.8% 11.4% 11.43%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 21.02%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 26.68%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 3.54%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 16.63%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 12.81%
Cash ROA snapshot only 6.36%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 31.74%
CROIC snapshot only 17.12%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 6.40%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 9.31%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 4.17%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 3.41%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
P/E Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 25.173
P/S Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.946
P/B Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 5.773
P/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
P/OCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBITDA — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/Revenue — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBIT — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Earnings Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
FCF Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
PEG Ratio snapshot only 1.227
Graham Number snapshot only $18.65
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Current Ratio 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.10 1.08 1.20 1.18 1.20 1.16 1.19 1.17 1.11 1.15 1.15 1.17 1.16 1.14 1.15 1.13 1.13 1.132
Quick Ratio 0.54 0.57 0.57 0.51 0.50 0.59 0.54 0.55 0.51 0.56 0.51 0.44 0.44 0.63 0.50 0.43 0.41 0.49 0.43 0.40 0.395
Debt/Equity 1.52 1.42 1.19 1.34 1.79 0.85 0.76 0.71 0.70 0.77 0.62 0.78 0.57 0.58 0.51 0.46 0.50 0.62 0.56 0.55 0.552
Net Debt/Equity -0.37 -0.31 -0.36 -0.50 -0.82 -0.56 -0.41 -0.41 -0.37 -0.30 -0.29 -0.03 -0.12 -0.40 -0.31 -0.09 0.08 -0.04 -0.01 0.08 0.077
Debt/Assets 0.12 0.13 0.12 0.10 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.11 0.09 0.10 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.08 0.10 0.12 0.11 0.10 0.103
Debt/EBITDA 1.70 1.79 1.50 1.54 1.48 1.31 1.56 1.46 1.48 2.09 1.71 2.08 1.57 1.30 1.18 1.08 1.31 1.72 1.73 1.48 1.481
Net Debt/EBITDA -0.42 -0.39 -0.46 -0.57 -0.68 -0.86 -0.84 -0.84 -0.78 -0.81 -0.79 -0.08 -0.34 -0.91 -0.71 -0.21 0.22 -0.10 -0.04 0.21 0.206
Interest Coverage 13.46 14.74 18.68 16.36 15.61 13.20 8.97 8.47 7.93 6.92 6.95 5.52 5.77 7.03 7.49 8.23 8.97 8.25 6.93 8.53 8.534
Equity Multiplier 12.31 11.31 10.13 13.09 19.07 8.95 8.12 7.88 7.93 6.72 6.66 7.44 6.50 6.59 6.02 5.60 4.76 5.17 5.32 5.37 5.372
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.186
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 12.827
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.861
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.334
Defensive Interval snapshot only 1437.7 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.50 0.48 0.48 0.47 0.48 0.53 0.51 0.53 0.52 0.56 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.56 0.55 0.56 0.57 0.55 0.53 0.58 0.577
Inventory Turnover 1.34 1.44 1.40 1.37 1.37 1.59 1.49 1.51 1.49 1.68 1.54 1.52 1.48 1.81 1.50 1.43 1.44 1.71 1.40 1.42 1.416
Receivables Turnover 11.44 10.34 10.30 10.79 11.43 11.86 11.83 12.36 10.65 11.38 14.05 11.87 10.24 11.69 14.01 12.31 11.44 11.82 11.97 12.91 12.905
Payables Turnover 4.41 4.62 4.00 3.82 3.61 4.20 4.05 4.02 3.74 4.02 4.01 4.02 3.97 4.17 4.19 4.17 4.15 4.20 4.06 4.26 4.260
DSO 32 35 35 34 32 31 31 30 34 32 26 31 36 31 26 30 32 31 31 28 28.3 days
DIO 272 253 261 267 266 230 244 241 245 217 236 240 246 202 244 255 254 213 261 258 257.8 days
DPO 83 79 91 96 101 87 90 91 98 91 91 91 92 88 87 88 88 87 90 86 85.7 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 221 209 205 206 197 174 185 180 182 158 172 180 190 146 182 197 198 157 202 200 200.4 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 3.653
Operating Cycle snapshot only 286.1 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 6.289
Capital Intensity snapshot only 1.798
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 0.8% 4.5% 7.9% -5.9% 0.4% 12.7% 9.0% 17.8% 14.7% 11.4% 13.6% 8.1% 6.6% 5.8% 5.2% 5.1% 7.1% 5.7% 3.6% 10.4% 10.39%
Net Income 1.7% 4.7% 18.5% 28.7% -1.0% 0.8% -31.1% -0.3% -3.3% -10.8% 12.1% -20.2% -18.6% 11.7% 13.1% 59.7% 55.1% 22.8% 12.9% 20.7% 20.68%
EPS 1.7% 4.7% 18.4% 29.0% -0.9% 0.6% -31.3% -0.9% -3.8% -11.0% 12.1% -20.5% -19.0% 11.3% 13.2% 60.3% 55.8% 23.1% 12.8% 20.6% 20.61%
FCF 2.3% 1.4% -4.0% -72.9% -62.8% 41.1% 46.8% 92.8% -18.0% -16.2% -15.4% -67.0% -20.2% 22.4% 1.4% 95.0% 1.1% -2.0% -69.1% 92.5% 92.53%
EBITDA 5.9% 2.5% 2.0% 16.4% -2.2% 11.7% -17.9% -2.7% -6.4% -22.6% -5.4% -15.7% -3.5% 32.9% 43.0% 59.5% 48.2% 9.4% -11.4% -2.3% -2.25%
Op. Income 2.5% 6.3% 4.8% 7.5% 7.1% 13.5% -26.6% -3.5% 5.8% -5.0% 13.2% -15.2% -23.7% -6.2% -5.8% 21.4% 35.4% 6.7% 1.0% 22.0% 22.05%
OCF Growth snapshot only 43.22%
Asset Growth snapshot only 7.68%
Equity Growth snapshot only 12.15%
Debt Growth snapshot only 34.18%
Shares Change snapshot only 0.06%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3Y -5.1% -6.5% -6.7% -9.1% -7.4% -5.9% -5.1% 1.7% 5.1% 9.5% 10.2% 6.2% 7.1% 9.9% 9.2% 10.2% 9.4% 7.6% 7.4% 7.8% 7.85%
Revenue 5Y -3.1% -4.8% -4.0% -3.6% -2.3% -1.0% -0.7% 0.0% -0.3% 0.5% 0.1% -0.9% -0.6% -0.4% 0.4% 3.6% 5.8% 8.0% 7.8% 6.8% 6.81%
EPS 3Y 18.8% 11.1% 21.5% 1.0% 2.8% — — — — — — 0.5% -8.2% -0.1% -4.5% 8.1% 6.7% 6.8% 12.7% 15.4% 15.42%
EPS 5Y 11.2% 33.0% 37.9% 63.9% 47.4% 11.7% 8.5% 16.2% 9.8% 4.2% 6.7% -4.1% -3.3% — — — — — — 14.5% 14.46%
Net Income 3Y 19.2% 11.3% 21.7% 1.1% 3.1% — — — — — — 0.8% -8.0% 0.2% -4.4% 8.3% 6.9% 7.0% 12.7% 15.4% 15.41%
Net Income 5Y 9.9% 33.5% 38.2% 64.2% 48.1% 11.9% 8.8% 16.2% 10.1% 4.4% 6.9% -3.8% -2.9% — — — — — — 14.6% 14.56%
EBITDA 3Y 12.5% 11.1% 12.9% 2.9% 3.1% 24.3% 21.2% 1.2% — 44.3% 32.7% -1.5% -4.1% 4.7% 3.6% 9.4% 10.2% 4.0% 6.2% 9.5% 9.55%
EBITDA 5Y 19.8% 35.0% 45.6% 25.5% 27.7% 17.6% 12.9% 11.1% 5.4% 3.5% 2.3% -2.2% -0.2% 14.6% 19.2% 70.1% — 34.3% 24.2% 8.3% 8.28%
Gross Profit 3Y 3.1% 3.1% 5.5% -1.2% 0.8% 0.2% -2.1% 14.1% 19.1% 21.1% 20.2% 0.8% 1.9% 3.5% -0.2% 3.2% 3.4% 1.1% 3.1% 6.0% 5.99%
Gross Profit 5Y 7.7% 12.8% 17.2% 10.5% 11.8% 8.7% 6.6% 6.5% 2.9% 2.7% 2.6% -0.9% 0.4% 0.3% 0.6% 9.5% 13.5% 14.1% 12.4% 5.0% 5.04%
Op. Income 3Y 13.1% 13.5% 20.4% 4.4% 6.6% 75.1% 76.3% — — 98.7% 68.6% -4.2% -4.7% 0.4% -7.8% -0.2% 3.0% -1.7% 2.5% 7.9% 7.93%
Op. Income 5Y 40.5% — — — — 27.5% 21.5% 18.4% 10.3% 9.6% 7.7% -1.4% -0.5% 36.8% 42.3% — — 51.0% 35.4% 5.4% 5.44%
FCF 3Y 1.5% 3.3% — 1.6% 84.6% 39.4% — — — — 6.1% -44.4% -37.6% 13.1% 43.7% 7.5% 10.9% 0.2% -14.6% 7.4% 7.42%
FCF 5Y — 15.7% -5.3% 15.3% 19.9% 15.2% — 52.9% 36.3% 1.5% — 61.4% 32.7% 22.7% — — — — -2.5% -8.4% -8.36%
OCF 3Y 47.7% 26.0% 25.2% 17.3% 18.7% 18.8% 2.0% — — — 13.2% -20.4% -16.3% 17.8% 36.3% 16.8% 16.8% 7.3% 1.9% 9.9% 9.93%
OCF 5Y 37.0% 1.2% -7.6% 0.2% 4.2% 7.2% 19.2% 18.3% 12.8% 22.0% 23.5% 13.6% 13.2% 15.1% 1.2% — — — 8.9% -0.4% -0.37%
Assets 3Y -2.3% -2.4% -2.1% 0.4% 2.0% 0.4% 1.2% 1.8% 2.2% 2.6% 3.3% 4.6% 4.7% 6.5% 6.3% 4.3% 2.2% 5.2% 5.6% 5.3% 5.27%
Assets 5Y -0.2% -0.7% -0.6% 0.0% 1.4% 0.3% 1.0% 1.9% 0.9% 0.6% 0.9% 1.8% 1.7% 2.5% 3.0% 2.7% 2.7% 4.1% 4.5% 5.3% 5.28%
Equity 3Y -2.7% -0.9% 6.9% 5.3% 10.4% 29.4% 60.5% 1.3% 99.8% 40.0% 37.8% 21.4% 29.5% 27.5% 26.5% 38.5% 62.4% 26.3% 21.6% 19.6% 19.60%
Book Value 3Y -3.0% -1.1% 6.6% 5.2% 10.1% 28.9% 60.0% 1.2% 99.2% 39.7% 37.5% 21.1% 29.1% 27.1% 26.4% 38.2% 62.1% 26.1% 21.6% 19.6% 19.60%
Dividend 3Y — — — — — — — 29.7% 29.8% -15.8% -15.8% -5.5% -5.5% 15.6% 15.8% — -66.7% -65.1% -65.1% — —
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.38 0.49 0.49 0.55 0.38 0.19 0.15 0.10 0.04 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.58 0.88 0.99 0.98 0.97 0.971
Earnings Stability 0.02 0.00 0.03 0.05 0.03 0.07 0.09 0.09 0.06 0.27 0.29 0.13 0.13 0.68 0.64 0.54 0.45 0.54 0.44 0.65 0.646
Margin Stability 0.78 0.70 0.66 0.73 0.72 0.77 0.77 0.79 0.80 0.81 0.81 0.89 0.89 0.90 0.88 0.83 0.82 0.84 0.88 0.94 0.939
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.50 1.00 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
FCF Positive Streak 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Earnings Persistence 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 0.99 0.96 0.95 0.92 0.93 0.95 0.95 0.50 0.50 0.91 0.95 0.92 0.917
Earnings Smoothness — — — 0.75 0.99 0.99 0.63 1.00 0.97 0.89 0.89 0.77 0.79 0.89 0.88 0.54 0.57 0.80 0.88 0.81 0.813
ROE Trend 1.70 0.65 0.75 1.98 2.04 0.19 0.03 -0.13 -0.30 -0.17 -0.14 -0.17 -0.29 -0.06 -0.03 -0.01 -0.03 -0.02 -0.02 0.03 0.030
Gross Margin Trend 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.01 -0.01 -0.02 -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 -0.02 -0.01 -0.01 -0.00 0.00 -0.00 -0.01 0.01 0.007
FCF Margin Trend 0.17 0.11 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.11 0.01 -0.02 -0.05 -0.01 -0.01 -0.03 -0.02 -0.00 0.04 -0.01 0.02 -0.00 -0.03 0.03 0.034
Sustainable Growth Rate 78.3% 53.0% 56.6% 30.1% 39.1% 16.8% 8.9% 10.7% 13.0% 15.5% 15.2% 5.5% 6.1% 10.8% 11.0% 24.9% 21.5% 22.3% 20.4% 13.4% 13.37%
Internal Growth Rate 3.9% 4.0% 4.8% 2.5% 2.7% 1.7% 1.0% 1.1% 1.2% 2.1% 2.1% 0.7% 0.9% 1.7% 1.8% 4.1% 4.1% 4.0% 3.8% 2.5% 2.50%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 2.10 1.10 0.72 1.00 1.12 1.48 1.52 1.72 1.24 1.65 1.36 1.47 1.58 1.79 2.08 1.25 1.47 1.49 1.12 1.48 1.485
FCF/OCF 0.80 0.58 0.50 0.52 0.56 0.61 0.51 0.58 0.43 0.51 0.43 0.28 0.33 0.52 0.59 0.40 0.48 0.50 0.30 0.54 0.539
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 0.801
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.917
CapEx/Revenue 3.2% 3.7% 3.4% 3.6% 3.7% 4.2% 4.5% 4.6% 4.5% 4.7% 4.6% 4.9% 5.1% 5.3% 5.4% 5.3% 5.3% 5.3% 5.4% 5.3% 5.27%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 1.262
Accruals Ratio -0.04 -0.00 0.01 0.00 -0.00 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.01 -0.02 -0.01 -0.01 -0.02 -0.03 -0.04 -0.01 -0.02 -0.02 -0.00 -0.02 -0.022
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.029
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 1.309
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 1.000
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Dividend Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.69%
Dividend/Share $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.38 $0.38 $0.75 $0.75 $0.82 $0.82 $0.45 $0.45 $0.70 $0.70 $0.70 $0.70 $0.00 $0.03 $0.03 $0.03 $0.85 $0.80
Payout Ratio 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 30.4% 28.5% 55.6% 67.6% 67.2% 64.9% 37.5% 36.3% 71.7% 67.8% 52.3% 50.0% 0.0% 1.6% 1.8% 1.9% 45.0% 45.04%
FCF Payout Ratio 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 59.2% 45.1% 61.8% 87.6% 67.7% 1.2% 44.4% 62.2% 1.7% 1.3% 56.5% 40.7% 0.0% 2.3% 2.5% 5.6% 56.2% 56.23%
Total Payout Ratio 0.0% 0.5% 1.1% 31.9% 29.9% 56.5% 70.0% 69.3% 66.9% 46.3% 42.7% 79.9% 75.5% 60.9% 60.5% 9.4% 13.2% 14.4% 12.9% 54.3% 54.28%
Div. Increase Streak — — — 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 — 0 0 0 0 0
Chowder Number — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Net Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total Shareholder Return — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.85 0.84 0.84 0.78 0.83 0.84 0.87 0.88 0.84 0.79 0.77 0.76 0.75 0.79 0.79 0.80 0.77 0.82 0.84 0.83 0.827
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.90 0.96 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.92 0.89 0.88 0.87 0.92 0.91 0.87 0.88 0.85 0.86 0.88 0.89 1.00 1.13 1.12 1.123
EBIT Margin 0.10 0.10 0.12 0.10 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.08 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.09 0.09 0.10 0.10 0.09 0.07 0.08 0.083
Asset Turnover 0.50 0.48 0.48 0.47 0.48 0.53 0.51 0.53 0.52 0.56 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.56 0.55 0.56 0.57 0.55 0.53 0.58 0.577
Equity Multiplier 20.70 13.65 12.36 12.33 15.15 9.95 8.98 9.78 11.21 7.66 7.31 7.65 7.14 6.65 6.31 6.36 5.48 5.78 5.64 5.48 5.478
Per Share
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $1.33 $1.34 $1.61 $1.24 $1.32 $1.35 $1.11 $1.23 $1.27 $1.20 $1.24 $0.98 $1.03 $1.33 $1.40 $1.56 $1.60 $1.64 $1.58 $1.89 $1.89
Book Value/Share $2.80 $3.01 $3.46 $2.77 $2.03 $4.11 $4.61 $4.79 $4.84 $5.60 $5.84 $5.23 $6.02 $6.18 $6.97 $7.31 $8.63 $8.25 $8.28 $8.19 $8.23
Tangible Book/Share $-2.38 $-2.19 $-1.76 $-2.51 $-3.33 $-1.21 $-0.72 $-0.56 $-0.55 $0.24 $0.43 $-0.18 $0.59 $0.77 $1.55 $1.93 $3.26 $2.92 $2.94 $2.77 $2.77
Revenue/Share $17.47 $16.58 $17.07 $16.69 $17.56 $18.64 $18.55 $19.52 $20.02 $20.71 $21.07 $21.04 $21.26 $21.83 $22.17 $22.20 $22.85 $23.13 $22.98 $24.49 $24.39
FCF/Share $2.24 $0.86 $0.58 $0.64 $0.83 $1.21 $0.85 $1.22 $0.68 $1.01 $0.72 $0.40 $0.54 $1.24 $1.73 $0.78 $1.13 $1.21 $0.53 $1.51 $1.58
OCF/Share $2.80 $1.47 $1.16 $1.23 $1.48 $2.00 $1.69 $2.11 $1.58 $1.98 $1.69 $1.44 $1.63 $2.39 $2.92 $1.96 $2.35 $2.45 $1.78 $2.80 $2.87
Cash/Share $5.30 $5.22 $5.35 $5.08 $5.28 $5.79 $5.37 $5.33 $5.16 $5.96 $5.29 $4.23 $4.19 $6.05 $5.70 $4.03 $3.56 $5.44 $4.72 $3.89 $3.90
EBITDA/Share $2.50 $2.39 $2.72 $2.40 $2.45 $2.67 $2.23 $2.32 $2.28 $2.06 $2.11 $1.95 $2.19 $2.73 $3.02 $3.12 $3.26 $2.99 $2.68 $3.05 $3.05
Debt/Share $4.26 $4.28 $4.10 $3.70 $3.62 $3.48 $3.48 $3.38 $3.39 $4.30 $3.61 $4.07 $3.45 $3.56 $3.55 $3.37 $4.28 $5.15 $4.62 $4.52 $4.52
Net Debt/Share $-1.04 $-0.94 $-1.25 $-1.38 $-1.66 $-2.31 $-1.88 $-1.95 $-1.77 $-1.66 $-1.68 $-0.16 $-0.74 $-2.49 $-2.14 $-0.66 $0.72 $-0.29 $-0.10 $0.63 $0.63
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Piotroski F-Score 8 7 7 5 5 6 6 6 6 4 7 4 6 7 8 9 7 7 5 6 6
Beneish M-Score -2.40 -2.60 -2.14 -2.32 -2.22 -2.67 -2.66 -2.48 -2.34 -2.47 -1.94 -1.91 -2.98 -2.43 -2.84 -2.77 -2.01 -2.17 -1.94 -2.27 -2.268
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -7.173
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 21.47%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-12.15
EVA snapshot only $2160414843.30
Credit
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only A
Credit Score 73.75 64.70 65.05 65.05 65.55 72.50 64.30 70.60 64.30 60.30 61.80 56.70 59.70 70.60 72.10 64.60 64.60 63.10 59.10 72.10 72.100
Credit Grade snapshot only 6
Credit Trend snapshot only 7.500
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 150.000

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