— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: 1928.T (JPX) · $vol 58M · SKHSY (OTC) · $vol 1M

SKHSF OTC

Sekisui House, Ltd.
1W: +11.1% 1M: +7.6% 3M: -1.9% YTD: -1.6% 1Y: +0.8% 3Y: +19.4% 5Y: +19.6%
$22.19
+1.22 (+5.80%)
 
Weekly Expected Move ±10.0%
$18 $20 $22 $24 $27
OTC · Consumer Cyclical · Residential Construction · Tech Score Neutral · Power 58 · $14.4B mcap · 612M float · 0.0003% daily turnover · Short 17% of daily vol

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

B+
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
1
ROE
4
ROA
5
D/E
1
P/E
4
P/B
4
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. SKHSF receives an overall rating of B+. Strongest factors: ROE (4/5), ROA (5/5), P/E (4/5), P/B (4/5). Areas of concern: DCF (1/5), D/E (1/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-09-11 B B+
2026-06-25 B+ B
2026-06-05 B B+
2026-05-11 None ADDED
2026-05-10 EXISTED None
2026-05-05 None ADDED
2026-05-05 EXISTED None
2026-04-30 B+ B
2026-04-21 None ADDED
2026-04-20 EXISTED None

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ — Grade B
Profitability
28
Balance Sheet
62
Earnings Quality
91
Growth
35
Value
—
Momentum
67
Safety
—
Cash Flow
48

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
—
—
Piotroski F-Score
6/9
✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✗
Beneish M-Score
-2.60
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-10.87
Bankruptcy prob: 0.0%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
BBB+
Score: 60.8/100
Trend: Improving
Earnings Quality
100/100
OCF/NI: 1.59x
Accruals: -2.3%
The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. SKHSF scores 6/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. SKHSF's score of -2.60 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. SKHSF's implied 0.0% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. SKHSF receives an estimated rating of BBB+ (score: 60.8/100), with a improving trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). SKHSF's score of 100/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
8.40x
PEG
0.28x
P/S
0.52x
P/B
0.95x
P/FCF
—
P/OCF
—
EV/EBITDA
—
EV/Revenue
—
EV/EBIT
—
EV/FCF
—
Earnings Yield
—
FCF Yield
—
Shareholder Yield
—
Graham Number
$4674.03
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 8.4x earnings, SKHSF trades at a deep value multiple. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $4674.03 per share, suggesting a potential 20964% margin of safety at the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.690
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.977
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.067
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.870
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
2.395
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
9.4%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. SKHSF's ROE of 9.4% is driven by Asset Turnover (0.870), indicating efficient use of assets to generate revenue.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
4.61%
Fair P/E
17.71x
Intrinsic Value
$5171.26
Price/Value
—
Margin of Safety
—
Premium
—
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with SKHSF's realized 4.6% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. SKHSF trades at a premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $5171.26, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 17.7x compares to the current market P/E of 8.4x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$22.19
Median 1Y
$21.32
5th Pctile
$9.77
95th Pctile
$46.49
Ann. Volatility
46.7%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Current
ROE 10.2% 11.2% 11.0% 12.1% 12.3% 12.4% 11.9% 10.7% 10.4% 10.5% 11.9% 12.3% 12.7% 12.9% 11.7% 10.9% 6.7% 7.1% 8.0% 9.4% 9.37%
ROA 5.2% 5.6% 5.7% 6.3% 6.4% 6.4% 6.4% 5.7% 5.5% 5.4% 6.4% 5.6% 5.8% 5.7% 5.3% 4.4% 2.7% 2.9% 3.3% 3.9% 3.91%
ROIC 10.3% 11.1% 10.7% 11.8% 10.5% 9.6% 9.8% 8.1% 7.8% 7.7% 8.8% 6.6% 7.0% 7.2% 6.9% 6.5% 4.6% 4.2% 4.8% 4.9% 4.93%
ROCE 11.2% 12.1% 12.3% 13.4% 14.5% 13.8% 13.5% 12.0% 10.8% 11.0% 12.3% 11.6% 11.3% 12.0% 10.4% 10.1% 6.9% 6.6% 7.3% 7.7% 7.71%
Gross Margin 20.7% 21.1% 19.5% 21.9% 20.4% 19.3% 18.3% 19.5% 20.6% 20.5% 19.7% 20.7% 18.5% 19.2% 19.3% 20.1% 0.1% 19.3% 20.9% 22.0% 21.99%
Operating Margin 8.9% 9.4% 8.3% 11.8% 8.6% 7.9% 7.4% 7.9% 9.2% 8.5% 9.2% 9.2% 7.9% 7.5% 8.3% 6.7% 0.1% 6.0% 10.3% 8.4% 8.37%
Net Margin 5.9% 7.0% 5.1% 7.7% 6.9% 6.5% 4.3% 5.9% 6.7% 6.8% 6.6% 6.5% 6.7% 4.2% 4.4% 3.7% 0.0% 4.9% 6.7% 6.4% 6.43%
EBITDA Margin 10.0% 10.4% 9.1% 12.6% 11.3% 9.2% 8.2% 9.1% 10.1% 9.5% 9.9% 10.1% 8.6% 8.3% 7.3% 6.5% 0.1% 8.0% 12.9% 10.1% 10.07%
FCF Margin 6.1% 4.1% 3.4% 2.6% 1.9% 1.2% 1.2% 1.2% 1.1% 1.1% 0.3% -0.4% -1.1% -1.6% -1.2% -0.9% -0.6% -0.3% 3.3% 4.3% 4.27%
OCF Margin 9.4% 7.6% 6.7% 5.7% 4.9% 4.1% 4.1% 4.2% 4.2% 4.2% 3.2% 2.2% 1.2% 0.4% 0.7% 0.9% 1.2% 1.5% 6.3% 7.2% 7.17%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 10.38%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 10.59%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 4.26%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 5.32%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 4.67%
Cash ROA snapshot only 6.10%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 8.09%
CROIC snapshot only 4.82%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 4.37%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 6.52%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 6.10%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Current
P/E Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 8.397
P/S Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.517
P/B Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.954
P/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
P/OCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBITDA — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/Revenue — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBIT — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Earnings Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
FCF Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
PEG Ratio snapshot only 0.279
Graham Number snapshot only $4674.03
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Current
Current Ratio 2.25 2.21 2.25 2.33 1.93 1.95 2.00 1.98 2.16 2.05 2.19 1.74 1.93 2.06 2.39 2.38 2.54 2.55 2.79 2.96 2.963
Quick Ratio 0.97 0.94 0.86 0.90 0.66 0.57 0.60 0.55 0.53 0.49 0.53 0.39 0.46 1.32 1.49 1.46 1.56 1.53 0.61 0.53 0.529
Debt/Equity 0.40 0.41 0.37 0.39 0.42 0.41 0.37 0.40 0.44 0.51 0.43 0.97 0.92 1.01 0.97 1.05 0.99 1.04 0.86 0.87 0.868
Net Debt/Equity -0.02 -0.01 0.02 0.05 0.12 0.20 0.17 0.21 0.26 0.33 0.26 0.75 0.68 0.81 0.77 0.88 0.81 0.89 0.66 0.73 0.730
Debt/Assets 0.21 0.21 0.20 0.21 0.22 0.22 0.20 0.21 0.23 0.26 0.22 0.39 0.38 0.40 0.40 0.42 0.40 0.42 0.37 0.38 0.378
Debt/EBITDA 2.45 2.38 2.16 2.07 2.21 2.19 2.02 2.41 2.79 3.21 2.50 5.56 5.38 5.18 5.55 6.13 8.16 9.06 6.27 5.70 5.703
Net Debt/EBITDA -0.15 -0.07 0.14 0.26 0.65 1.08 0.91 1.29 1.66 2.07 1.52 4.29 3.99 4.13 4.41 5.17 6.70 7.79 4.79 4.80 4.802
Interest Coverage 75.00 78.41 62.09 67.77 68.10 54.78 49.70 33.48 26.86 22.47 21.95 19.96 15.30 12.10 10.09 8.47 5.75 7.75 9.03 9.37 9.368
Equity Multiplier 1.94 1.95 1.90 1.88 1.90 1.89 1.84 1.86 1.90 1.98 1.91 2.48 2.42 2.51 2.45 2.51 2.46 2.50 2.34 2.30 2.296
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.226
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 10.941
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.158
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.096
Defensive Interval snapshot only 464.3 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.94 0.94 0.95 0.99 0.97 0.99 1.01 0.98 0.94 0.92 0.98 0.85 0.88 0.96 0.99 0.91 0.90 0.89 0.86 0.87 0.870
Inventory Turnover 2.50 2.46 1.91 1.94 1.78 1.76 1.76 1.69 1.49 1.38 1.48 1.21 1.24 1.92 1.99 1.67 1.75 2.59 1.60 1.56 1.557
Receivables Turnover 19.51 18.76 18.87 18.84 21.80 21.24 20.39 19.44 21.15 19.71 18.75 19.45 21.95 21.76 21.00 22.99 23.17 42.20 20.28 22.25 22.246
Payables Turnover 9.93 10.12 10.04 10.65 10.64 11.09 10.79 11.01 10.73 10.76 13.76 11.50 14.91 16.34 19.89 16.41 47.18 21.84 16.82 18.03 18.031
DSO 19 19 19 19 17 17 18 19 17 19 19 19 17 17 17 16 16 9 18 16 16.4 days
DIO 146 148 191 188 205 208 208 216 245 264 247 301 294 190 184 218 208 141 228 234 234.4 days
DPO 37 36 36 34 34 33 34 33 34 34 27 32 24 22 18 22 8 17 22 20 20.2 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 128 132 174 173 188 192 192 202 229 249 240 288 286 184 183 212 216 133 224 231 230.6 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 9.330
Operating Cycle snapshot only 266.0 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 14.242
Capital Intensity snapshot only 1.176
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Current
Revenue 5.4% 3.0% 5.8% 10.9% 11.5% 14.0% 13.1% 6.2% 6.4% 3.9% 6.1% 9.8% 18.1% 26.5% 30.6% 31.5% 20.3% 9.3% 3.4% 0.9% 0.85%
Net Income 10.9% 33.5% 24.6% 35.7% 35.7% 24.8% 19.9% -3.6% -6.7% -6.0% 9.6% 24.8% 34.6% 27.6% 7.6% -4.8% -44.8% -41.3% -24.5% -5.6% -5.65%
EPS 11.6% 34.7% 25.7% 37.1% 37.5% 27.1% 22.3% -2.0% -5.0% -4.0% 11.3% 27.5% 36.5% 28.0% 8.3% -4.8% -44.8% -41.3% -24.6% -5.7% -5.67%
FCF -36.6% -64.8% -65.0% -65.3% -65.7% -66.4% -60.2% -51.0% -35.6% -5.1% -72.1% -1.4% -2.1% -2.8% -6.1% -1.7% 31.8% 77.5% 3.8% 5.8% 5.79%
EBITDA 6.0% 17.1% 20.4% 33.2% 32.6% 24.7% 18.5% -5.5% -10.7% -9.4% -0.3% 16.0% 22.7% 26.1% 14.0% 2.2% -30.9% -36.6% -13.9% 1.8% 1.83%
Op. Income 10.1% 18.8% 23.4% 38.3% 31.1% 20.2% 13.6% -12.8% -10.1% -7.1% 3.6% 25.0% 26.3% 29.0% 22.3% 11.5% -22.4% -32.1% -25.5% -17.9% -17.94%
OCF Growth snapshot only 6.68%
Asset Growth snapshot only 4.74%
Equity Growth snapshot only 14.46%
Debt Growth snapshot only -5.31%
Shares Change snapshot only 0.02%
Dividend Growth snapshot only 96.87%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Current
Revenue 3Y 5.2% 5.4% 6.2% 7.8% 5.7% 6.1% 6.6% 4.5% 7.7% 6.9% 8.3% 8.9% 11.9% 14.4% 16.2% 15.3% 14.7% 12.8% 12.7% 13.3% 13.33%
Revenue 5Y 5.9% 5.4% 5.0% 5.7% 6.0% 6.7% 6.3% 5.8% 6.6% 6.8% 7.5% 7.8% 8.2% 9.4% 10.9% 10.5% 12.2% 11.0% 11.4% 11.4% 11.37%
EPS 3Y 2.3% 5.6% 6.9% 11.3% 8.8% 6.0% 10.5% 5.6% 13.4% 18.0% 19.6% 19.7% 21.2% 16.0% 13.8% 6.0% -10.6% -10.3% -3.1% 4.6% 4.61%
EPS 5Y 10.7% 9.9% 5.3% 6.3% 7.9% 9.5% 7.7% 6.3% 6.9% 7.5% 10.7% 11.5% 10.8% 7.9% 10.2% 7.4% 1.9% 4.3% 6.9% 9.0% 9.00%
Net Income 3Y 1.7% 4.9% 6.2% 10.5% 7.8% 4.8% 9.3% 4.5% 12.0% 16.1% 17.9% 17.8% 19.4% 14.4% 12.3% 4.6% -11.5% -11.1% -3.8% 3.9% 3.86%
Net Income 5Y 10.1% 9.3% 4.8% 5.8% 7.3% 8.6% 6.8% 5.4% 5.9% 6.3% 9.5% 10.2% 9.5% 6.7% 9.0% 6.2% 0.8% 3.2% 5.9% 8.0% 7.96%
EBITDA 3Y 4.7% 7.0% 9.1% 13.1% 9.6% 6.6% 8.9% 2.8% 7.9% 9.8% 12.5% 13.5% 13.3% 12.5% 10.4% 3.9% -8.9% -10.2% -0.7% 6.5% 6.48%
EBITDA 5Y 8.4% 7.1% 5.8% 7.3% 7.7% 9.0% 7.6% 5.4% 6.3% 6.7% 8.9% 9.6% 7.6% 6.7% 8.0% 5.2% 1.3% 1.1% 6.9% 8.7% 8.74%
Gross Profit 3Y 4.2% 5.6% 6.0% 8.0% 6.0% 5.6% 6.9% 3.8% 7.5% 8.0% 9.6% 10.6% 11.8% 12.7% 14.1% 12.4% 1.6% 0.4% 2.1% 4.7% 4.73%
Gross Profit 5Y 5.7% 5.4% 4.8% 5.8% 5.8% 6.4% 5.6% 4.6% 5.6% 6.1% 7.0% 7.5% 7.3% 8.2% 10.5% 10.0% 5.5% 4.8% 5.6% 6.1% 6.10%
Op. Income 3Y 3.5% 6.4% 6.7% 11.0% 6.1% 4.7% 8.4% 1.1% 9.1% 9.9% 13.3% 14.7% 14.2% 12.9% 12.9% 6.7% -4.1% -6.7% -1.9% 4.6% 4.59%
Op. Income 5Y 6.7% 5.9% 4.6% 6.6% 6.5% 7.6% 6.0% 3.5% 5.5% 6.1% 7.4% 8.3% 6.3% 6.6% 10.1% 7.6% 4.9% 3.0% 5.8% 6.6% 6.64%
FCF 3Y 22.9% 0.7% -2.7% -7.0% -12.8% -21.0% -35.3% -43.0% -48.0% -51.8% -66.1% — — — — — — — 58.9% 73.9% 73.90%
FCF 5Y — — — — 45.9% 10.6% -3.6% -11.2% -16.3% -20.1% -36.6% — — — — — — — -11.0% -2.2% -2.18%
OCF 3Y 15.4% 5.1% 3.8% 2.2% 0.3% -1.9% -13.4% -20.7% -25.9% -29.9% -32.6% -36.7% -43.2% -56.6% -45.9% -36.7% -27.9% -18.9% 30.0% 35.3% 35.34%
OCF 5Y 29.8% 33.1% 22.3% 13.9% 6.8% 0.4% -1.3% -2.8% -4.2% -5.4% -8.8% -13.4% -20.4% -34.0% -31.7% -30.6% -30.0% -29.6% -3.9% 1.7% 1.67%
Assets 3Y 4.8% 5.0% 5.1% 6.0% 7.9% 5.4% 4.5% 6.5% 8.2% 9.8% 8.5% 18.7% 20.3% 17.4% 19.7% 18.4% 15.2% 15.9% 18.5% 17.6% 17.56%
Assets 5Y 6.1% 5.9% 5.1% 4.5% 5.9% 5.1% 4.5% 6.0% 6.8% 7.6% 6.8% 13.3% 14.2% 11.1% 12.8% 13.4% 12.5% 13.1% 13.8% 13.2% 13.16%
Equity 3Y 5.4% 5.9% 7.6% 8.6% 9.7% 10.2% 8.8% 9.9% 10.5% 10.6% 9.8% 9.5% 11.7% 8.0% 10.0% 7.4% 5.6% 5.7% 9.4% 9.5% 9.52%
Book Value 3Y 6.1% 6.6% 8.3% 9.4% 10.8% 11.4% 10.0% 11.1% 11.9% 12.4% 11.4% 11.3% 13.4% 9.5% 11.5% 8.8% 6.7% 6.5% 10.2% 10.3% 10.30%
Dividend 3Y 2.4% 2.9% 1.8% 0.9% 0.2% -0.7% 1.3% 3.3% 5.5% 7.8% 7.3% 7.2% 6.8% 6.5% 5.8% 5.0% 4.2% 3.4% 26.4% 26.2% 26.23%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.96 0.95 0.95 0.87 0.92 0.92 0.90 0.91 0.96 0.96 0.97 0.98 0.87 0.80 0.80 0.75 0.90 0.91 0.91 0.90 0.900
Earnings Stability 0.40 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.40 0.40 0.56 0.64 0.54 0.42 0.80 0.77 0.70 0.58 0.89 0.75 0.15 0.17 0.42 0.60 0.599
Margin Stability 0.98 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.98 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.98 0.97 0.97 0.98 0.98 0.97 0.87 0.87 0.88 0.89 0.893
Rev. Growth Consistency 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Earnings Persistence 0.96 0.87 0.90 0.86 0.86 0.90 0.92 0.99 0.97 0.98 0.96 0.90 0.86 0.89 0.97 0.98 0.82 0.83 0.90 0.98 0.977
Earnings Smoothness 0.90 0.71 0.78 0.70 0.70 0.78 0.82 0.96 0.93 0.94 0.91 0.78 0.70 0.76 0.93 0.95 0.42 0.48 0.72 0.94 0.942
ROE Trend -0.01 -0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.01 -0.00 -0.01 -0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 -0.00 -0.00 -0.04 -0.05 -0.04 -0.02 -0.024
Gross Margin Trend -0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.00 0.00 -0.00 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.05 -0.05 -0.05 -0.05 -0.046
FCF Margin Trend -0.01 -0.03 -0.04 -0.05 -0.06 -0.07 -0.06 -0.04 -0.03 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.03 -0.03 -0.02 -0.01 -0.01 -0.00 0.04 0.05 0.049
Sustainable Growth Rate 5.9% 6.8% 6.9% 8.2% 8.6% 8.7% 8.1% 6.8% 6.6% 6.6% 7.9% 8.1% 8.6% 8.5% 7.5% 6.6% 2.4% 2.7% 0.5% 1.6% 1.58%
Internal Growth Rate 3.1% 3.6% 3.7% 4.5% 4.7% 4.8% 4.5% 3.8% 3.6% 3.5% 4.4% 3.8% 4.1% 3.9% 3.5% 2.7% 1.0% 1.1% 0.2% 0.7% 0.66%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 1.72 1.28 1.13 0.88 0.74 0.63 0.65 0.72 0.71 0.71 0.48 0.33 0.19 0.07 0.13 0.20 0.40 0.48 1.60 1.59 1.594
FCF/OCF 0.65 0.54 0.50 0.45 0.38 0.30 0.29 0.28 0.27 0.27 0.10 -0.20 -0.87 -3.91 -1.80 -0.96 -0.50 -0.22 0.53 0.60 0.596
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 0.950
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.920
CapEx/Revenue 3.3% 3.5% 3.3% 3.1% 3.0% 2.9% 2.9% 3.0% 3.0% 3.1% 2.8% 2.7% 2.3% 2.0% 1.9% 1.8% 1.8% 1.9% 3.0% 2.9% 2.90%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 2.587
Accruals Ratio -0.04 -0.02 -0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.02 0.01 -0.02 -0.02 -0.023
Sloan Accruals snapshot only 0.086
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 1.080
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 1.000
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Current
Dividend Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 4.35%
Dividend/Share $85.29 $86.90 $85.80 $84.89 $84.29 $83.76 $88.06 $92.10 $96.95 $102.11 $105.80 $110.52 $114.55 $118.59 $120.94 $123.28 $125.63 $127.97 $238.93 $242.69 $144.00
Payout Ratio 42.3% 39.0% 37.7% 32.6% 30.4% 29.6% 31.6% 36.1% 36.8% 37.6% 34.1% 34.0% 31.9% 34.1% 36.0% 39.8% 63.4% 62.8% 94.3% 83.1% 83.12%
FCF Payout Ratio 37.9% 56.2% 66.5% 81.9% 1.1% 1.6% 1.7% 1.8% 1.9% 2.0% 7.1% — — — — — — — 1.1% 87.5% 87.51%
Total Payout Ratio 48.3% 42.4% 42.5% 38.3% 37.2% 37.6% 41.8% 49.4% 52.0% 54.6% 50.2% 50.6% 48.0% 51.9% 49.8% 49.8% 71.1% 62.8% 94.3% 83.1% 83.13%
Div. Increase Streak 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Chowder Number — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Net Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total Shareholder Return — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.66 0.67 0.66 0.67 0.67 0.68 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.70 0.70 0.71 0.74 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.66 0.69 0.68 0.69 0.690
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.99 0.99 0.98 0.99 0.99 1.01 1.01 1.04 1.07 1.04 1.06 1.02 0.98 0.94 0.90 0.88 0.87 0.87 0.91 0.98 0.977
EBIT Margin 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.09 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.08 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.067
Asset Turnover 0.94 0.94 0.95 0.99 0.97 0.99 1.01 0.98 0.94 0.92 0.98 0.85 0.88 0.96 0.99 0.91 0.90 0.89 0.86 0.87 0.870
Equity Multiplier 1.98 1.99 1.94 1.91 1.91 1.92 1.87 1.87 1.90 1.94 1.88 2.18 2.18 2.25 2.20 2.50 2.44 2.50 2.39 2.40 2.395
Per Share
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $201.60 $222.65 $227.88 $260.19 $277.18 $282.93 $278.68 $255.09 $263.22 $271.57 $310.16 $325.26 $359.20 $347.55 $335.89 $309.52 $198.29 $203.86 $253.40 $291.98 $291.98
Book Value/Share $2066.11 $2086.05 $2182.63 $2256.46 $2406.20 $2452.22 $2466.24 $2477.97 $2621.20 $2660.17 $2689.92 $2776.17 $3010.92 $2737.83 $3027.54 $2905.82 $2921.86 $2965.32 $3299.36 $3325.43 $3552.21
Tangible Book/Share $2037.15 $2059.48 $2156.00 $2229.55 $2330.11 $2369.23 $2389.04 $2414.64 $2556.55 $2596.41 $2628.01 $2437.90 $2631.99 $2400.59 $2685.22 $2577.99 $2606.34 $2963.24 $2967.55 $2993.57 $2993.57
Revenue/Share $3691.87 $3733.00 $3834.21 $4046.02 $4170.14 $4330.46 $4423.38 $4368.16 $4516.61 $4595.46 $4763.39 $4900.03 $5406.08 $5833.18 $6261.83 $6441.09 $6501.54 $6372.28 $6473.88 $6494.69 $6398.25
FCF/Share $225.19 $154.60 $129.01 $103.62 $78.38 $52.85 $52.31 $51.62 $51.36 $51.21 $14.81 $-21.56 $-58.03 $-94.51 $-76.21 $-57.89 $-39.60 $-21.30 $214.40 $277.33 $0.00
OCF/Share $346.57 $284.06 $256.87 $230.17 $204.08 $177.80 $181.07 $183.80 $188.12 $192.94 $150.26 $108.88 $66.54 $24.20 $42.40 $60.60 $78.80 $97.00 $406.32 $465.48 $0.00
Cash/Share $875.16 $882.86 $762.94 $772.67 $707.07 $511.24 $502.78 $457.84 $463.76 $483.13 $449.40 $617.54 $710.44 $561.88 $602.58 $477.60 $517.35 $429.41 $671.06 $456.02 $658.74
EBITDA/Share $337.36 $360.38 $376.64 $426.87 $453.41 $457.34 $455.09 $410.15 $412.09 $422.80 $460.73 $486.08 $512.54 $534.81 $528.40 $496.87 $354.22 $339.08 $454.79 $505.86 $505.86
Debt/Share $825.46 $858.90 $814.14 $884.83 $1000.70 $1002.91 $917.04 $987.98 $1148.84 $1357.40 $1150.97 $2704.64 $2756.05 $2768.54 $2930.99 $3047.24 $2889.62 $3070.70 $2851.05 $2884.98 $2884.98
Net Debt/Share $-49.71 $-23.96 $51.20 $112.16 $293.63 $491.66 $414.26 $530.15 $685.08 $874.28 $701.57 $2087.09 $2045.60 $2206.66 $2328.41 $2569.64 $2372.27 $2641.29 $2179.99 $2428.95 $2428.95
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Piotroski F-Score 9 7 9 8 5 5 5 4 6 5 7 5 4 6 5 4 4 5 7 6 6
Beneish M-Score -2.80 -2.78 -2.58 -2.47 -2.22 -2.07 -2.12 -2.22 -2.35 -2.43 -2.27 -2.14 -1.82 -1.81 -1.96 -2.03 72.83 -3.26 -2.59 -2.60 -2.596
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -10.868
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 9.30%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $1750.23
EVA snapshot only $-189100543363.92
Credit
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only BBB+
Credit Score 74.55 73.05 73.05 73.05 69.00 69.00 70.35 69.00 69.45 66.15 68.85 58.05 58.05 60.25 61.75 56.75 56.55 57.55 59.15 60.75 60.750
Credit Grade snapshot only 8
Credit Trend snapshot only 4.000
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 225.000

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