— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: CPLE6.SA (SAO) · $vol 30M · CPLE5.SA (SAO) · $vol 12M · CPLE11.SA (SAO) · $vol 3M · XCOP.MC (BME) · $vol 0M

ELP NYSE

Companhia Paranaense de Energia - COPEL
1W: -5.6% 1M: -10.2% 3M: -2.4% 1Y: +55.3% 3Y: +80.0% 5Y: +132.3%
$9.27
Last traded 2025-12-24 — delisted
NYSE · Utilities · Diversified Utilities · $27.5B mcap · 459M float · 0.065% daily turnover · Short 53% of daily vol

Analyst Insights

Wall Street analyst consensus based on price targets and buy/sell/hold recommendations from institutional research coverage over the trailing 12 months.

Analyst Price Targets
Analyst Recommendations
Strong Buy: 0Buy: 1Hold: 1Sell: 0Strong Sell: 0
Rating Summary
ConsensusBuy
Avg Target$—
Analysts0

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ — Grade B
Profitability
30
Balance Sheet
49
Earnings Quality
78
Growth
31
Value
—
Momentum
62
Safety
—
Cash Flow
25

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
—
—
Piotroski F-Score
5/9
✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✗ ✗ ✓ ✗ ✓
Beneish M-Score
-2.14
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-8.13
Bankruptcy prob: 0.0%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
BBB
Score: 56.4/100
Trend: Deteriorating
Earnings Quality
100/100
OCF/NI: 1.48x
Accruals: -1.8%
The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. ELP scores 5/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. ELP's score of -2.14 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. ELP's implied 0.0% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. ELP receives an estimated rating of BBB (score: 56.4/100), with a deteriorating trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). ELP's score of 100/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
39.04x
PEG
-7.52x
P/S
11.03x
P/B
1.38x
P/FCF
—
P/OCF
—
EV/EBITDA
—
EV/Revenue
—
EV/EBIT
—
EV/FCF
—
Earnings Yield
—
FCF Yield
—
Shareholder Yield
—
Graham Number
$48.40
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 39.0x earnings, ELP commands a growth premium. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $48.40 per share, suggesting a potential 422% margin of safety at the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.778
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.668
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.170
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.421
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
2.304
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
8.6%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. ELP's ROE of 8.6% is driven by Asset Turnover (0.421), indicating efficient use of assets to generate revenue.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
15.00%
Fair P/E
38.50x
Intrinsic Value
$114.53
Price/Value
—
Margin of Safety
—
Premium
—
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with ELP's realized 15.0% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. ELP actually compounded EPS at 34.2% over three years; the model uses 15%, the highest rate it will extrapolate — of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it over the following seven years. ELP trades at a premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $114.53, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 38.5x compares to the current market P/E of 39.0x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$9.27
Median 1Y
$10.82
5th Pctile
$5.44
95th Pctile
$21.68
Ann. Volatility
40.6%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
ROE 21.0% 22.6% 17.8% 27.2% 23.7% 23.1% 16.2% 4.0% 5.0% 4.7% 9.1% 9.0% 10.1% 9.4% 10.0% 12.7% 11.3% 11.6% 12.1% 8.6% 8.58%
ROA 9.2% 9.8% 7.7% 11.9% 10.3% 9.9% 6.8% 1.7% 2.2% 2.0% 3.7% 3.8% 4.3% 4.0% 4.2% 5.5% 5.0% 5.1% 5.2% 3.7% 3.72%
ROIC 12.5% 13.8% 12.8% 17.6% -0.2% -0.4% -3.0% -8.6% 8.9% 8.9% 7.4% 10.0% 16.0% 16.3% 16.6% 15.1% 15.4% 16.0% 14.6% 13.9% 13.85%
ROCE 10.9% 11.3% 10.4% 13.7% 12.2% 12.3% 7.9% 4.0% 3.9% 3.7% 6.8% 5.9% 7.3% 7.1% 7.1% 8.7% 8.0% 8.3% 8.8% 8.0% 8.04%
Gross Margin 30.1% 21.0% 26.6% 11.4% 27.4% 21.0% 24.3% 26.0% -9.4% 22.3% 22.2% 21.3% -1.2% 26.8% 25.3% 24.2% -2.6% 28.6% 24.5% 18.7% 18.68%
Operating Margin 25.0% 20.6% 22.2% 34.3% -71.2% 16.3% 4.7% 11.3% 7.0% 17.8% 17.4% 13.0% 66.4% 22.3% 20.7% 20.1% 67.5% 24.5% 20.5% 15.2% 15.15%
Net Margin 19.4% 15.8% 17.5% 40.5% 5.9% 11.9% -10.2% 7.1% 11.8% 11.9% 6.2% 7.9% 15.8% 9.8% 8.6% 21.3% 9.7% 11.3% 9.2% 5.6% 5.64%
EBITDA Margin 20.3% 24.4% 26.7% 37.9% 12.2% 24.7% -6.0% 20.7% 14.3% 26.9% 22.4% 13.2% 25.2% 24.3% 22.3% 25.1% 20.4% 27.4% 24.1% 20.0% 19.99%
FCF Margin 14.3% 15.1% 12.0% 12.6% 12.7% 14.6% 15.9% 13.1% 13.6% 11.5% 11.8% 11.7% 11.6% 9.9% 10.8% 9.8% -6.3% -2.6% -4.1% -4.0% -4.00%
OCF Margin 14.9% 15.9% 12.5% 13.3% 14.1% 16.5% 18.5% 16.0% 18.1% 15.3% 15.3% 14.8% 12.4% 10.5% 11.2% 10.1% 12.2% 15.6% 13.6% 13.1% 13.06%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 9.76%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 11.91%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 4.21%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 8.42%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 12.82%
Cash ROA snapshot only 5.25%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 7.53%
CROIC snapshot only -2.31%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 24.02%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 11.38%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 3.87%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.01%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
P/E Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 39.041
P/S Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 11.028
P/B Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.383
P/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
P/OCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBITDA — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/Revenue — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBIT — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Earnings Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
FCF Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Graham Number snapshot only $48.40
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
Current Ratio 1.18 1.12 1.03 1.22 1.40 1.44 1.34 1.54 1.30 1.35 1.47 1.48 1.47 1.39 1.57 1.45 1.26 1.48 1.13 1.43 1.434
Quick Ratio 1.16 1.10 1.01 1.20 1.38 1.41 1.32 1.51 1.28 1.32 1.44 1.46 1.45 1.37 1.55 1.43 1.25 1.47 1.12 1.42 1.416
Debt/Equity 0.51 0.51 0.48 0.49 0.55 0.54 0.64 0.65 0.61 0.70 0.76 0.66 0.64 0.63 0.68 0.65 0.68 0.73 0.79 0.82 0.817
Net Debt/Equity 0.34 0.36 0.41 0.27 0.37 0.36 0.46 0.44 0.48 0.56 0.56 0.42 0.40 0.39 0.39 0.35 0.52 0.47 0.68 0.66 0.664
Debt/Assets 0.22 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.24 0.24 0.27 0.27 0.26 0.28 0.31 0.28 0.27 0.28 0.30 0.29 0.31 0.32 0.33 0.34 0.342
Debt/EBITDA 2.01 1.91 2.00 1.64 1.97 1.92 2.92 4.69 4.46 5.16 3.80 3.81 3.25 3.34 3.62 3.08 3.37 3.48 3.50 3.72 3.725
Net Debt/EBITDA 1.37 1.34 1.70 0.89 1.34 1.29 2.11 3.20 3.52 4.15 2.78 2.43 2.04 2.08 2.05 1.67 2.58 2.25 2.99 3.03 3.028
Interest Coverage 5.65 6.53 6.06 7.06 5.33 4.66 2.27 1.10 1.02 1.31 2.54 2.07 2.50 2.39 2.42 3.02 2.61 2.83 2.75 2.33 2.332
Equity Multiplier 2.34 2.45 2.35 2.31 2.27 2.24 2.39 2.38 2.39 2.47 2.48 2.40 2.34 2.27 2.29 2.22 2.24 2.29 2.37 2.39 2.388
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.433
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 3.127
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.187
FCF to Debt snapshot only -0.047
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
Asset Turnover 0.44 0.46 0.44 0.49 0.50 0.50 0.51 0.46 0.43 0.41 0.40 0.40 0.41 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.41 0.42 0.421
Inventory Turnover 89.96 93.74 89.66 110.25 104.78 104.38 99.61 89.97 92.75 82.18 83.10 94.01 97.72 86.08 95.78 108.31 119.45 108.70 119.62 132.11 132.115
Receivables Turnover 5.08 5.53 6.03 6.05 5.65 5.77 6.57 5.58 5.40 5.11 5.64 5.60 5.86 5.52 5.91 5.57 5.65 5.48 6.26 5.71 5.706
Payables Turnover 6.63 7.85 8.25 8.41 7.58 9.37 9.14 7.01 7.62 8.81 8.43 8.55 8.31 8.71 8.49 7.88 8.11 8.10 7.77 7.62 7.621
DSO 72 66 61 60 65 63 56 65 68 71 65 65 62 66 62 66 65 67 58 64 64.0 days
DIO 4 4 4 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 2.8 days
DPO 55 46 44 43 48 39 40 52 48 41 43 43 44 42 43 46 45 45 47 48 47.9 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 21 23 20 20 20 28 19 17 24 34 26 26 22 28 23 23 23 25 14 19 18.8 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 2.933
Operating Cycle snapshot only 66.7 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 6.283
Capital Intensity snapshot only 2.487
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
Revenue 17.4% 21.9% 18.9% 33.2% 28.7% 25.7% 21.5% -0.6% -10.0% -13.5% -16.3% -7.6% -0.5% 1.7% 6.1% 4.8% 5.5% 6.9% 8.5% 12.4% 12.38%
Net Income 96.2% 1.1% 7.9% 67.7% 26.9% 15.6% -6.0% -85.1% -78.3% -78.5% -41.7% 1.4% 1.1% 1.1% 20.2% 55.0% 24.4% 36.1% 31.3% -28.8% -28.81%
EPS 96.2% 1.1% 7.9% 67.7% 26.9% 15.6% -6.0% -85.1% -78.3% -78.5% -41.7% 1.3% 92.8% 91.4% 10.3% 48.9% 24.4% 36.4% 31.9% -28.5% -28.49%
FCF 41.9% 1.2% 27.6% 6.6% 14.7% 21.4% 61.4% 3.1% -3.4% -32.2% -37.8% -17.1% -15.1% -11.8% -3.1% -12.5% -1.6% -1.3% -1.4% -1.5% -1.46%
EBITDA 22.0% 27.7% -0.8% 34.3% 21.8% 21.6% -8.2% -55.0% -53.3% -53.9% -2.7% 39.2% 64.5% 58.7% 7.0% 33.1% 11.0% 19.9% 23.7% 5.9% 5.90%
Op. Income 51.9% 65.7% 16.6% 62.2% -1.0% -1.0% -1.3% -1.5% 33.4% 12.7% 3.5% 2.0% 2.0% 2.0% 1.4% 1.5% 21.1% 19.7% 17.4% 8.7% 8.65%
OCF Growth snapshot only 45.58%
Asset Growth snapshot only 9.72%
Equity Growth snapshot only 1.93%
Debt Growth snapshot only 28.18%
Shares Change snapshot only -0.45%
Dividend Growth snapshot only 2.37%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
Revenue 3Y 9.9% 11.6% 12.0% 14.9% 17.1% 16.7% 17.3% 14.6% 10.8% 9.9% 6.5% 7.0% 4.9% 3.4% 2.6% -1.2% -1.9% -2.0% -1.2% 2.9% 2.88%
Revenue 5Y 4.5% 7.2% 8.3% 11.5% 12.9% 13.0% 14.3% 11.3% 9.0% 8.6% 7.4% 6.9% 7.5% 6.9% 7.5% 7.8% 7.4% 7.6% 6.8% 7.6% 7.59%
EPS 3Y 55.7% 62.6% 43.9% 67.9% 52.1% 45.9% 28.6% -21.0% -18.6% -19.7% -16.1% -17.3% -19.0% -22.0% -15.5% -20.5% -19.6% -17.5% -5.3% 34.2% 34.25%
EPS 5Y 26.7% 36.2% 17.4% -4.2% 2.7% 33.4% 59.6% 0.6% 0.8% 1.3% 10.3% 9.8% 8.1% 5.0% 6.4% 10.8% 5.3% 6.2% -3.0% -9.6% -9.63%
Net Income 3Y 55.7% 62.6% 43.9% 67.9% 52.1% 45.9% 28.6% -21.0% -18.6% -19.7% -16.1% -16.0% -16.7% -19.7% -13.0% -18.2% -17.2% -15.2% -2.7% 38.0% 37.95%
Net Income 5Y 26.8% 36.2% 17.4% 32.2% 41.8% 33.4% 59.6% 0.6% 0.8% 1.3% 10.3% 10.8% 9.9% 6.8% 8.3% 12.7% 7.1% 8.0% -1.4% -8.1% -8.14%
EBITDA 3Y 22.1% 26.7% 20.8% 32.1% 24.2% 21.4% 9.2% -9.5% -11.5% -10.6% -3.9% -5.6% -2.2% -3.8% -1.5% -5.9% -5.2% -4.3% 8.8% 25.2% 25.20%
EBITDA 5Y 15.5% 18.3% 8.4% 13.8% 19.3% 15.9% 15.5% 3.4% 0.7% 2.6% 9.5% 7.6% 8.0% 5.5% 6.3% 6.5% 4.8% 6.4% 3.2% 3.5% 3.48%
Gross Profit 3Y 22.1% 25.9% 21.8% 19.9% 20.6% 18.2% 17.8% 16.6% -4.2% -3.5% -13.0% -13.7% -14.3% -12.6% -8.9% -5.9% -7.2% -6.2% -4.7% -8.6% -8.65%
Gross Profit 5Y 16.5% 21.4% 11.4% 9.5% 15.8% 12.3% 19.5% 18.9% 2.5% 4.0% 1.7% 0.7% 3.3% 3.2% 4.7% 3.0% 1.2% 2.7% -1.4% -1.5% -1.52%
Op. Income 3Y 15.9% 22.2% 15.4% 26.7% — — — — -10.5% -9.3% -10.3% -7.8% 11.7% 11.0% 14.8% 6.0% — — — — —
Op. Income 5Y 24.2% 33.7% 16.8% 23.0% — — — — -6.0% -3.9% -1.0% -0.4% 25.8% 23.6% 24.7% 21.7% 20.7% 22.1% 15.7% 16.0% 15.98%
FCF 3Y — — — — — 96.6% 78.1% 23.8% 16.3% 21.7% 8.6% -3.0% -2.0% -10.1% -0.9% -9.2% — — — — —
FCF 5Y — — 68.7% — — — — — — — — — — 35.4% 27.8% 6.6% — — — — —
OCF 3Y 41.1% 37.2% 25.8% 29.5% 24.1% 28.0% 35.9% 17.5% 19.4% 24.8% 14.2% 2.9% -1.4% -9.8% -1.3% -9.9% -6.5% -3.8% -10.8% -3.8% -3.80%
OCF 5Y 16.0% 19.3% 6.3% 11.2% 18.1% 18.9% 26.2% 22.2% 31.6% 22.1% 19.9% 17.4% 8.5% 3.4% 6.1% -0.1% 3.9% 16.6% 8.7% 2.6% 2.56%
Assets 3Y 12.2% 11.9% 11.2% 12.6% 11.3% 11.5% 10.8% 10.7% 9.1% 11.5% 6.8% 7.3% 6.1% 5.5% 6.1% 4.3% 5.0% 6.2% 7.2% 7.6% 7.57%
Assets 5Y 10.1% 10.1% 9.7% 10.3% 10.3% 10.2% 9.1% 8.1% 8.4% 9.5% 9.4% 9.8% 9.2% 8.9% 9.3% 9.0% 8.4% 9.5% 6.5% 6.6% 6.62%
Equity 3Y 9.5% 7.4% 8.3% 9.9% 10.8% 10.8% 6.9% 6.3% 6.5% 6.5% 4.0% 5.1% 6.2% 8.3% 7.1% 5.7% 5.5% 5.3% 7.5% 7.4% 7.41%
Book Value 3Y 9.5% 7.4% 8.3% 9.9% 10.8% 10.8% 6.9% 6.3% 6.5% 6.5% 4.0% 3.5% 3.2% 5.2% 4.0% 2.7% 2.6% 2.4% 4.6% 4.5% 4.53%
Dividend 3Y 16.9% 18.1% 73.4% 60.5% 86.5% 85.9% 39.7% 7.5% -17.6% -17.6% -40.8% -34.9% -43.9% -43.9% -11.3% -11.3% 51.5% 51.7% 45.8% 45.7% 45.75%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
Revenue Stability 0.53 0.76 0.82 0.75 0.83 0.84 0.92 0.87 0.80 0.76 0.70 0.68 0.63 0.55 0.52 0.50 0.47 0.44 0.44 0.76 0.764
Earnings Stability 0.67 0.71 0.66 0.73 0.89 0.86 0.88 0.18 0.17 0.16 0.23 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.04 0.27 0.16 0.163
Margin Stability 0.79 0.77 0.85 0.87 0.81 0.86 0.80 0.85 0.78 0.79 0.77 0.76 0.73 0.76 0.81 0.79 0.81 0.84 0.76 0.74 0.739
Rev. Growth Consistency 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.000
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
Earnings Persistence 0.50 0.50 0.97 0.50 0.89 0.94 0.98 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.83 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.92 0.50 0.90 0.86 0.87 0.88 0.885
Earnings Smoothness 0.35 0.30 0.92 0.49 0.76 0.85 0.94 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.47 0.18 0.29 0.30 0.82 0.57 0.78 0.69 0.73 0.66 0.663
ROE Trend 0.09 0.11 0.04 0.13 0.07 0.05 -0.01 -0.18 -0.16 -0.17 -0.08 -0.07 -0.04 -0.04 -0.03 0.06 0.04 0.04 0.03 -0.02 -0.019
Gross Margin Trend 0.07 0.06 0.01 -0.04 -0.05 -0.05 -0.06 0.00 -0.10 -0.09 -0.08 -0.09 -0.03 -0.01 0.00 -0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.009
FCF Margin Trend 0.09 0.09 0.04 -0.00 -0.00 0.03 0.04 -0.01 0.00 -0.03 -0.02 -0.01 -0.02 -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 -0.19 -0.13 -0.15 -0.15 -0.148
Sustainable Growth Rate 17.8% 19.3% 9.9% 15.4% 5.2% 4.6% -4.6% -10.4% -5.1% -5.1% 5.0% 5.1% 8.2% 7.6% 7.1% 10.0% 4.9% 5.4% 3.2% -0.2% -0.16%
Internal Growth Rate 8.4% 9.1% 4.5% 7.3% 2.3% 2.0% — — — — 2.1% 2.2% 3.6% 3.3% 3.1% 4.5% 2.2% 2.4% 1.4% — —
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
OCF/Net Income 0.71 0.74 0.73 0.54 0.68 0.84 1.38 4.35 3.63 3.14 1.65 1.56 1.18 1.05 1.06 0.72 0.99 1.23 1.07 1.48 1.476
FCF/OCF 0.96 0.95 0.96 0.95 0.90 0.89 0.86 0.82 0.75 0.75 0.77 0.79 0.94 0.94 0.97 0.97 -0.51 -0.17 -0.30 -0.31 -0.306
FCF/Net Income snapshot only -0.452
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.572
CapEx/Revenue 0.6% 0.8% 0.5% 0.6% 1.4% 1.9% 2.5% 2.9% 4.4% 3.9% 3.5% 3.0% 0.8% 0.6% 0.3% 0.3% 18.5% 18.2% 17.7% 17.1% 17.06%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 2.934
Accruals Ratio 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.05 0.03 0.02 -0.03 -0.06 -0.06 -0.04 -0.02 -0.02 -0.01 -0.00 -0.00 0.02 0.00 -0.01 -0.00 -0.02 -0.018
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.035
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 0.501
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 1.000
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
Dividend Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 4.72%
Dividend/Share $0.87 $0.88 $2.27 $3.59 $5.66 $5.66 $6.20 $4.45 $3.17 $3.17 $1.29 $1.23 $0.56 $0.56 $0.90 $0.90 $2.13 $2.13 $3.03 $3.03 $2.28
Payout Ratio 15.3% 14.4% 44.2% 43.3% 78.2% 80.1% 1.3% 3.6% 2.0% 2.1% 45.6% 43.9% 18.5% 19.3% 28.9% 21.6% 56.5% 53.9% 73.9% 1.0% 1.02%
FCF Payout Ratio 22.5% 20.3% 63.6% 84.4% 1.3% 1.1% 1.1% 1.0% 73.6% 89.0% 35.8% 35.4% 16.7% 19.5% 28.1% 30.8% — — — — —
Total Payout Ratio 15.3% 14.4% 44.2% 43.3% 78.2% 80.1% 1.3% 3.6% 2.0% 2.1% 45.6% 43.9% 18.5% 19.3% 28.9% 21.6% 56.5% 56.3% 76.2% 1.1% 1.05%
Div. Increase Streak 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chowder Number — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Net Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total Shareholder Return — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.76 0.78 0.82 0.99 0.97 0.96 1.17 0.84 1.13 1.22 0.80 1.01 0.91 0.90 0.95 0.96 0.97 0.96 0.94 0.78 0.778
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 1.26 1.28 1.09 1.05 1.01 0.98 0.86 0.59 0.57 0.50 0.77 0.72 0.74 0.74 0.73 0.80 0.77 0.75 0.74 0.67 0.668
EBIT Margin 0.22 0.21 0.19 0.24 0.21 0.21 0.13 0.07 0.08 0.08 0.15 0.13 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.18 0.17 0.18 0.18 0.17 0.170
Asset Turnover 0.44 0.46 0.44 0.49 0.50 0.50 0.51 0.46 0.43 0.41 0.40 0.40 0.41 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.41 0.42 0.421
Equity Multiplier 2.29 2.31 2.32 2.28 2.30 2.34 2.37 2.34 2.33 2.35 2.44 2.39 2.36 2.37 2.38 2.30 2.28 2.28 2.33 2.30 2.304
Per Share
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $5.71 $6.11 $5.14 $8.28 $7.24 $7.06 $4.83 $1.23 $1.57 $1.52 $2.82 $2.79 $3.03 $2.90 $3.11 $4.16 $3.77 $3.96 $4.10 $2.97 $2.97
Book Value/Share $29.17 $28.12 $29.48 $31.52 $31.92 $32.89 $30.11 $30.65 $30.43 $31.34 $31.81 $32.47 $32.03 $32.74 $33.20 $34.19 $34.43 $35.33 $34.48 $35.00 $34.95
Tangible Book/Share $19.05 $18.01 $19.25 $18.73 $18.45 $19.38 $16.47 $16.82 $15.41 $14.86 $15.04 $17.23 $17.05 $17.45 $17.61 $18.26 $12.14 $12.92 $10.57 $10.58 $10.58
Revenue/Share $27.24 $28.58 $29.82 $33.69 $35.06 $35.94 $36.22 $33.49 $31.55 $31.08 $30.32 $29.57 $28.80 $29.00 $29.51 $29.77 $30.38 $31.10 $32.16 $33.60 $17.56
FCF/Share $3.89 $4.32 $3.58 $4.25 $4.46 $5.25 $5.77 $4.38 $4.31 $3.56 $3.59 $3.47 $3.35 $2.88 $3.19 $2.92 $-1.91 $-0.81 $-1.32 $-1.34 $1.92
OCF/Share $4.06 $4.55 $3.74 $4.47 $4.95 $5.92 $6.69 $5.35 $5.70 $4.76 $4.64 $4.37 $3.57 $3.06 $3.29 $3.00 $3.72 $4.85 $4.37 $4.39 $2.04
Cash/Share $4.71 $4.28 $2.10 $7.10 $5.66 $5.83 $5.31 $6.33 $3.92 $4.26 $6.50 $7.76 $7.58 $7.77 $9.84 $10.19 $5.58 $9.06 $3.91 $5.35 $5.35
EBITDA/Share $7.33 $7.54 $7.15 $9.43 $8.93 $9.17 $6.56 $4.25 $4.17 $4.23 $6.39 $5.65 $6.29 $6.16 $6.27 $7.22 $6.98 $7.40 $7.79 $7.68 $7.68
Debt/Share $14.74 $14.38 $14.28 $15.51 $17.60 $17.64 $19.18 $19.90 $18.60 $21.82 $24.25 $21.50 $20.43 $20.58 $22.72 $22.22 $23.57 $25.73 $27.23 $28.60 $28.60
Net Debt/Share $10.03 $10.10 $12.18 $8.41 $11.94 $11.81 $13.87 $13.57 $14.69 $17.57 $17.75 $13.74 $12.84 $12.81 $12.88 $12.02 $17.99 $16.68 $23.32 $23.26 $23.26
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Piotroski F-Score 7 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 4 5 5 4 6 7 8 5 5 8 6 5 5
Beneish M-Score -2.18 -2.01 -1.85 -1.11 -1.66 -2.22 -2.50 -3.23 -5.27 -2.84 -2.61 -2.49 1.54 -2.49 -1.95 -2.36 -2.90 -2.45 -2.24 -2.14 -2.136
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -8.127
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 34.04%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-30.93
EVA snapshot only $1666946737.52
Credit
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only BBB
Credit Score 69.50 73.34 72.23 75.26 71.94 67.61 66.42 57.02 53.23 50.46 60.50 59.13 59.64 58.13 60.26 61.05 56.15 55.60 55.15 56.43 56.426
Credit Grade snapshot only 9
Credit Trend snapshot only -4.620
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 275.000
Industry Credit Rank snapshot only 73
Sector Credit Rank snapshot only 65

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